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Keywords = myomodulation

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17 pages, 4712 KB  
Article
Botulinum Toxin Treatment Can Enlarge Eye Appearance in Asian Patients and Improves Social and Emotional Attributes
by Maurício de Maio, Kiyoko Kato, Momoko Sato, Yuki Horiuchi, Takuya Toyama, Akiko Imaizumi and Hidenori Ishii
Toxins 2026, 18(3), 145; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins18030145 - 15 Mar 2026
Viewed by 804
Abstract
Aesthetic patients in East Asia are commonly concerned about small apparent eye size. Simultaneous treatment of the glabellar and lateral canthal areas with botulinum neurotoxin has potential to provide improvements. This case series evaluated changes in eye size following treatment of these two [...] Read more.
Aesthetic patients in East Asia are commonly concerned about small apparent eye size. Simultaneous treatment of the glabellar and lateral canthal areas with botulinum neurotoxin has potential to provide improvements. This case series evaluated changes in eye size following treatment of these two areas using standard on-label doses of onabotulinumtoxinA in patients from Japan or China. Outcomes were assessed based on standardised frontal photographs taken before and after treatment (at rest, maximum smile, and maximum frowning). Changes in eye size were examined using a 4-point Likert scale, as evaluated by three independent groups: six injectors; six non-injecting observers; and treated patients. Furthermore, improvements in overall facial impression were analysed using two established tools: ‘emotional attributes’ and ‘social attributes’. Twenty East Asian subjects were included (n = 17 women; mean age: 37.5 ± 6.4 years). The majority of evaluators in all three groups rated patients’ eye size as ‘significantly’ or ‘mildly’ improved post-treatment, whether assessed at rest, when smiling, or during frowning. Furthermore, almost all evaluators noted improvements in one or more emotional and social attributes. This approach has significant potential as a culturally adapted aesthetic technique for improving eye size in East Asian patients. Larger multicentre studies are warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Botulinum Toxin in Facial Diseases)
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16 pages, 4137 KB  
Article
Evaluation of a New Technique of Gingival Smile Reduction after Hyaluronic Acid Infiltration: A Cohort Study Focusing on Gingival Exposure and Patient-Oriented Outcomes
by Gema Angulo-Manzaneque, María Baus-Domínguez, Gonzalo Ruiz-de-León-Hernández, María-Ángeles Serrera-Figallo, Daniel Torres-Lagares and Fátima S. Aguilera
Dent. J. 2024, 12(10), 329; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12100329 - 15 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3353
Abstract
A gummy smile is the visualization of more than 3 mm of gingiva above the maxillary incisors. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects on aesthetics and patient satisfaction of a new hyaluronic acid infiltration technique in reducing the gummy smile. Fifty [...] Read more.
A gummy smile is the visualization of more than 3 mm of gingiva above the maxillary incisors. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects on aesthetics and patient satisfaction of a new hyaluronic acid infiltration technique in reducing the gummy smile. Fifty patients with gummy smiles were treated using hyaluronic acid infiltration points by applying 0.1 mL per injection at specific points. Post-treatment evaluations were performed one week, one month, three months, six months, and 12 months later. A questionnaire assessed patient satisfaction, willingness to recommend the treatment, and side effects (pain and bruising during and after treatment). An average reduction of 2.5 mm in gingival exposure during smiling was observed. After one week, the reduction was constant. At six months, 40% of the original gingival exposure was recovered, and recovery was complete at 12 months. Patient satisfaction was 82.1%, and 100% of patients would recommend the treatment. Bruising, swelling, and pain decreased to 0% from the first month. In conclusion, this technique is a safe and effective option to improve the smile’s appearance with minimal complications. Full article
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