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Keywords = multicommutation approach

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27 pages, 2711 KB  
Review
Dynamic Flow Approaches for Automated Radiochemical Analysis in Environmental, Nuclear and Medical Applications
by Jixin Qiao
Molecules 2020, 25(6), 1462; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061462 - 24 Mar 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5819
Abstract
Automated sample processing techniques are desirable in radiochemical analysis for environmental radioactivity monitoring, nuclear emergency preparedness, nuclear waste characterization and management during operation and decommissioning of nuclear facilities, as well as medical isotope production, to achieve fast and cost-effective analysis. Dynamic flow based [...] Read more.
Automated sample processing techniques are desirable in radiochemical analysis for environmental radioactivity monitoring, nuclear emergency preparedness, nuclear waste characterization and management during operation and decommissioning of nuclear facilities, as well as medical isotope production, to achieve fast and cost-effective analysis. Dynamic flow based approaches including flow injection (FI), sequential injection (SI), multi-commuted flow injection (MCFI), multi-syringe flow injection (MSFI), multi-pumping flow system (MPFS), lab-on-valve (LOV) and lab-in-syringe (LIS) techniques have been developed and applied to meet the analytical criteria under different situations. Herein an overall review and discussion on these techniques and methodologies developed for radiochemical separation and measurement of various radionuclides is presented. Different designs of flow systems with combinations of radiochemical separation techniques, such as liquid–liquid extraction (LLE), liquid–liquid microextraction (LLME), solid phase extraction chromatography (SPEC), ion exchange chromatography (IEC), electrochemically modulated separations (EMS), capillary electrophoresis (CE), molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) separation and online sensing and detection systems, are summarized and reviewed systematically. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Flow Analysis)
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12 pages, 1960 KB  
Article
Microanalyser Prototype for On-Line Monitoring of Copper(II) Ion in Mining Industrial Processes
by Karla Victoria Guevara Amatón, Pedro Couceiro, Hesner Coto Fuentes, Antonio Calvo-Lopez, Natàlia Sández, Héctor Aurelio Moreno Casillas, Francisco Valdés Perezgasga and Julián Alonso-Chamarro
Sensors 2019, 19(15), 3382; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19153382 - 1 Aug 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3321
Abstract
A microanalyzer prototype for copper(II) ion monitoring in mining industrial processes is presented. The microanalyzer is designed as an assembly of different modules, each module being responsible for a unit operation. In order to optimize the industrial processes, the microanalyzer can automate all [...] Read more.
A microanalyzer prototype for copper(II) ion monitoring in mining industrial processes is presented. The microanalyzer is designed as an assembly of different modules, each module being responsible for a unit operation. In order to optimize the industrial processes, the microanalyzer can automate all sample management, signal processing, and mathematical calculations and wirelessly transfer data to a control room. The determination of copper(II) ion is done using a colorimetric reaction and the microanalyser performs autocalibration by in situ dilution of a stock solution, matching the higher analyte concentration of the working range defined for the sample to be determined, using a multicommutation approach. The performance of the microanalyzer for monitoring copper(II) ion in water effluents of mining facilities was optimized in the working range from 1 to 10 mg/L to match Mexican environmental law regulations, which allow a maximum concentration of 4 mg/L of copper(II) ion in these circumstances. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Chemical Sensors)
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12 pages, 557 KB  
Article
An Approach to an Inhibition Electronic Tongue to Detect On-Line Organophosphorus Insecticides Using a Computer Controlled Multi-Commuted Flow System
by Gustavo A. Alonso, Rocio B. Dominguez, Jean-Louis Marty and Roberto Muñoz
Sensors 2011, 11(4), 3791-3802; https://doi.org/10.3390/s110403791 - 28 Mar 2011
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 10923
Abstract
An approach to an inhibition bioelectronic tongue is presented. The work is focused on development of an automated flow system to carry out experimental assays, a custom potentiostat to measure the response from an enzymatic biosensor, and an inhibition protocol which allows on-line [...] Read more.
An approach to an inhibition bioelectronic tongue is presented. The work is focused on development of an automated flow system to carry out experimental assays, a custom potentiostat to measure the response from an enzymatic biosensor, and an inhibition protocol which allows on-line detections. A Multi-commuted Flow Analysis system (MCFA) was selected and developed to carry out assays with an improved inhibition method to detect the insecticides chlorpyrifos oxon (CPO), chlorfenvinfos (CFV) and azinphos methyl-oxon (AZMO). The system manifold comprised a peristaltic pump, a set of seven electronic valves controlled by a personal computer electronic interface and software based on LabView® to control the sample dilutions into the cell. The inhibition method consists in the injection of the insecticide when the enzyme activity has reached the plateau of the current; with this method the incubation time is avoided. A potentiostat was developed to measure the response from the enzymatic biosensor. Low limits of detection of 10 nM for CPO, CFV, and AZMO were achieved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioinspired Sensor Systems)
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