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Keywords = magnetically suspended flywheel energy storage system

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18 pages, 5087 KiB  
Article
Load-Current-Compensation-Based Robust DC-Link Voltage Control for Flywheel Energy Storage Systems
by Hongjin Hu, Wentao Liang, Guang-Zhong Cao, Jingbo Wei and Kun Liu
Actuators 2025, 14(2), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/act14020083 - 9 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1038
Abstract
DC-link voltage control needs to be achieved for flywheel energy storage systems (FESSs) during discharge. However, load disturbances and model nonlinearity affect the voltage control performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a load-current-compensation-based robust DC-link voltage control method for FESSs. In the proposed method, [...] Read more.
DC-link voltage control needs to be achieved for flywheel energy storage systems (FESSs) during discharge. However, load disturbances and model nonlinearity affect the voltage control performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a load-current-compensation-based robust DC-link voltage control method for FESSs. In the proposed method, the model is linearized via load current feedforward compensation and dq-axis current-to-DC-current conversion. The uncertainty of the linear model is analyzed and an H∞ robust control method is applied to overcome the uncertainty. Furthermore, experiments involving the proposed method are conducted on a 1.2 kWh magnetic suspended FESS prototype. Compared with the general proportional integral control method, the proposed method can increase the voltage response speed by 37.1% and reduce the voltage fluctuations by 29.5%. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified experimentally. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Actuators in Magnetic Levitation Technology and Vibration Control)
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33 pages, 11404 KiB  
Review
Review on Key Development of Magnetic Bearings
by Tong Wu and Weiyu Zhang
Machines 2025, 13(2), 113; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13020113 - 30 Jan 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3234
Abstract
A magnetic suspension bearing is a device that suspends the rotating shaft in a balanced position by magnetic force, thereby eliminating the friction between the rotor and the stator. Different from traditional bearing support methods, magnetic bearings show significant advantages in terms of [...] Read more.
A magnetic suspension bearing is a device that suspends the rotating shaft in a balanced position by magnetic force, thereby eliminating the friction between the rotor and the stator. Different from traditional bearing support methods, magnetic bearings show significant advantages in terms of speed, accuracy, and loss. Because there is no contact, magnetic bearings enable high-speed operation, precise control, and zero friction. Magnetic bearings, with their excellent performance, are widely applied in fields such as industrial production, flywheel energy storage, and aerospace. However, with the continuous growth of the demand for high-performance bearings and the deepening of the concept of low-carbon and environmental protection, breakthroughs in the key technologies of magnetic bearings are urgently needed. In this paper, relevant research on magnetic bearings is summarized. Magnetic bearings are classified according to the different ways in which they generate suspension forces. Research on the topological structure design, mathematical modeling, and control strategies of the magnetic bearing system is covered. The aim is to provide readers and researchers with a comprehensive overview of the key technologies of magnetic bearings from a new perspective. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Electromechanical Energy Conversion Systems)
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14 pages, 5911 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Notch Filter Insertion Position for Natural Frequency Vibration Suppression in a Magnetic Suspended Flywheel Energy Storage System
by Hongjin Hu, Jingbo Wei, Haoze Wang, Peng Xiao, Yuan Zeng and Kun Liu
Actuators 2023, 12(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/act12010022 - 4 Jan 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2628
Abstract
The composite material flywheel rotor of a flywheel energy storage system (FESS) has a low natural frequency. When the system suffers from noise interference, the magnetic bearing generates a force with the same frequency as the natural frequency and causes vibration to occur. [...] Read more.
The composite material flywheel rotor of a flywheel energy storage system (FESS) has a low natural frequency. When the system suffers from noise interference, the magnetic bearing generates a force with the same frequency as the natural frequency and causes vibration to occur. Thus, it is necessary to suppress the natural vibration of the magnetic suspended (MS) FESS. The LMS adaptive notch filter is generally adopted for vibration suppression. The vibration suppression performance of the system is different when the insertion position of the notch filter is different. This paper analyzes the influence of the notch filter in different insertion positions of the control system. Through the transfer function from noise to magnetic bearing force, theoretical analysis of the influence of different positions of the notch filter is performed. Corresponding experiments are performed in a 500 kW MS FESS prototype. The theoretical analysis is verified experimentally. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Theory and Application of Magnetic Actuators)
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12 pages, 8251 KiB  
Article
Suspension-Type of Flywheel Energy Storage System Using High Tc Superconducting Magnetic Bearing (SMB)
by Mochimitsu Komori, Hirohisa Kato and Ken-ichi Asami
Actuators 2022, 11(8), 215; https://doi.org/10.3390/act11080215 - 1 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3056
Abstract
In this paper, a new superconducting flywheel energy storage system is proposed, whose concept is different from other systems. The superconducting flywheel energy storage system is composed of a radial-type superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB), an induction motor, and some positioning actuators. The SMB [...] Read more.
In this paper, a new superconducting flywheel energy storage system is proposed, whose concept is different from other systems. The superconducting flywheel energy storage system is composed of a radial-type superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB), an induction motor, and some positioning actuators. The SMB is composed of a superconducting stator and a flywheel rotor. The flywheel rotor is suspended by the superconducting stator, whose one end is fixed to a stable and heavy base. Free-run experiments in the case of the unfixed stator are performed. The natural rotation decay curve, displacement at the upper position of the rotor and displacement at a lower position of the rotor are measured. Moreover, free-run experiments in the case of the fixed stator are performed, and the same dynamic characteristics of the unfixed stator are measured. Especially, impulse responses for the rotor in the case of an unfixed stator are very different from those in the case of a fixed stator. The experimental results discuss some important characteristics of the superconducting flywheel energy storage system, whose rotor is suspended by the superconducting stator. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Superconducting Actuators)
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17 pages, 2370 KiB  
Article
Position Estimation and Compensation Based on a Two-Step Extended Sliding-Mode Observer for a MSFESS
by Shusheng Li, Yongling Fu and Ping Liu
Sensors 2018, 18(8), 2467; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18082467 - 30 Jul 2018
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3210
Abstract
This paper aims to deal with the problem of rotor position estimation and compensation for a magnetically suspended flywheel energy storage system under the consideration of measurement noise and unknown disturbances. First, the flywheel system working principle and description are analyzed and, based [...] Read more.
This paper aims to deal with the problem of rotor position estimation and compensation for a magnetically suspended flywheel energy storage system under the consideration of measurement noise and unknown disturbances. First, the flywheel system working principle and description are analyzed and, based on this, the mathematical model as well as the coordinates transformation are introduced. For the purpose of the state estimation, a two-step extended sliding-mode observer is considered to obtain the estimates of the rotor angular position. In this control strategy, a traditional sliding-mode observer is adopted as a first-step original state estimator. After that, the relationship between the angular position and the estimation error is established and a second-step observer is designed to obtain the estimation of the error. The estimated error is then used to compensate the real values of the rotor angular position generated by the first-step observer. To reject the influences of the measurement noise and unknown disturbances, the H∞ optimization strategy is considered to determine the second-step observer structure. Finally, experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. It is demonstrated that the proposed two-step observer method has a better estimation accuracy and control performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Intelligent Sensors)
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