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6 pages, 2745 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

ARIADNE⁺: Large Scale Demonstration of Fast Optical Readout for Dual-Phase LArTPCs at the CERN Neutrino Platform

by Adam John Lowe, Pablo Amedo-Martinez, Diego González-Díaz, Alexander Deisting, Krishanu Majumdar, Konstantinos Mavrokoridis, Marzio Nessi, Barney Philippou, Francesco Pietropaolo, Sudikshan Ravinthiran, Filippo Resnati, Adam Roberts, Angela Saá Hernández, Christos Touramanis and Jared Vann

Phys. Sci. Forum 2023, 8(1), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/psf2023008046 - 24 Aug 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1405

Abstract

Optical readout of large scale dual-phase liquid Argon TPCs is an attractive alternative to charge readout and has been successfully demonstrated on a 2 × 2 m active region within the CERN protoDUNE cold box. ARIADNE

^{+}

uses four Timepix3 cameras imaging the [...] Read more.

Optical readout of large scale dual-phase liquid Argon TPCs is an attractive alternative to charge readout and has been successfully demonstrated on a 2 × 2 m active region within the CERN protoDUNE cold box. ARIADNE

^{+}

uses four Timepix3 cameras imaging the S2 light produced by 16 novel, patent pending, glass THGEMs. ARIADNE⁺ takes advantage of the raw Timepix3 data coming natively 3D and zero suppressed with a 1.6 ns timing resolution. Three of the four THGEM quadrants implement readouts in the visible light range through wavelength shifting, with the fourth featuring a VUV light intensifier, thus removing the need for wavelength shifting altogether. Cosmic ray reconstruction and energy calibration were performed. Presented is a summary of the detector setup and experimental run, preliminary analysis of the run data and future outlook for the ARIADNE program. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 23rd International Workshop on Neutrinos from Accelerators)

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9 pages, 6960 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Scintillating Bubble Chambers for Rare Event Searches

by Ernesto Alfonso-Pita, Edward Behnke, Matthew Bressler, Benjamin Broerman, Kenneth Clark, Jonathan Corbett, C. Eric Dahl, Koby Dering, Austin de St. Croix, Daniel Durnford, Pietro Giampa, Jeter Hall, Orin Harris, Hector Hawley-Herrera, Christopher M. Jackson, Youngtak Ko, Noah Lamb, Mathieu Laurin, Ilan Levine, W. Hugh Lippincott, Xingxin Liu, Russell Neilson, Marie-Cécile Piro, Shashank Priya, Daniel Pyda, Zhiheng Sheng, Gary Sweeney, Eric Vázquez-Jáuregui, Shawn Westerdale, Thomas J. Whitis, Alexander Wright, Wei Zha and Ryan Zhang Show full author list Hide full author list

Universe 2023, 9(8), 346; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9080346 - 25 Jul 2023

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2232

Abstract

The Scintillating Bubble Chamber (SBC) collaboration is developing liquid-noble bubble chambers for the detection of sub-keV nuclear recoils. These detectors benefit from the electron recoil rejection inherent in moderately-superheated bubble chambers with the addition of energy reconstruction provided from the scintillation signal. The [...] Read more.

The Scintillating Bubble Chamber (SBC) collaboration is developing liquid-noble bubble chambers for the detection of sub-keV nuclear recoils. These detectors benefit from the electron recoil rejection inherent in moderately-superheated bubble chambers with the addition of energy reconstruction provided from the scintillation signal. The ability to measure low-energy nuclear recoils allows the search for GeV-scale dark matter and the measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering on argon from MeV-scale reactor antineutrinos. The first physics-scale detector, SBC-LAr10, is in the commissioning phase at Fermilab, where extensive engineering and calibration studies will be performed. In parallel, a functionally identical low-background version, SBC-SNOLAB, is being built for a dark matter search underground at SNOLAB. SBC-SNOLAB, with a 10 kg-yr exposure, will have sensitivity to a dark matter–nucleon cross section of

2 \times 10^{- 42}

cm

^{2}

at 1 GeV/

c^{2}

dark matter mass, and future detectors could reach the boundary of the argon neutrino fog with a tonne-yr exposure. In addition, the deployment of an SBC detector at a nuclear reactor could enable neutrino physics investigations including measurements of the weak mixing angle and searches for sterile neutrinos, the neutrino magnetic moment, and the light Z’ gauge boson. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development and Prospects in Dark Matter Research)

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6 pages, 402 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Calibrating for Precision Calorimetry in LArTPCs at ICARUS and SBN

by Gray Putnam

Phys. Sci. Forum 2023, 8(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/psf2023008015 - 20 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1005

Abstract

The Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program at Fermilab consists of multiple Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detectors in a single neutrino beam. SBN will have a broad physics program that includes GeV-scale neutrino cross section measurements and physics searches beyond the Standard Model [...] Read more.

The Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program at Fermilab consists of multiple Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detectors in a single neutrino beam. SBN will have a broad physics program that includes GeV-scale neutrino cross section measurements and physics searches beyond the Standard Model including a search for short-baseline neutrino oscillations. Especially for the oscillation program at SBN (and, looking ahead, at DUNE) it is imperative to have accurate and precise energy measurements that can be related to the true neutrino energy. At ICARUS, we have developed a precise energy scale calibration procedure to match the needs of these physics goals. Two innovations are important here. First, diffusion plays a role in determining the energy scale in LArTPC calibration in a manner unappreciated by previous experiments. Second, incorporating systematic uncertainties into the energy scale calibration fit allows for a precise determination of the uncertainty of calorimetric measurements in a way that could be propogated to higher-level analyses. The result from the calibration procedure outlined herein is now being applied to neutrino beam data at ICARUS. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 23rd International Workshop on Neutrinos from Accelerators)

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5 pages, 834 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Energy Reconstruction and Calibration of the MicroBooNE LArTPC

by Wanwei Wu

Phys. Sci. Forum 2023, 8(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/psf2023008011 - 14 Jul 2023

Viewed by 923

Abstract

The Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) is increasingly becoming the chosen technology for current and future precision neutrino oscillation experiments due to its superior capability in particle tracking and energy calorimetry. In LArTPCs, calorimetric information is critical for particle identification, which is [...] Read more.

The Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) is increasingly becoming the chosen technology for current and future precision neutrino oscillation experiments due to its superior capability in particle tracking and energy calorimetry. In LArTPCs, calorimetric information is critical for particle identification, which is the foundation for neutrino cross-sections and oscillation measurements, as well as searches for beyond-standard-model physics. One of the primary challenges in employing LArTPC technology is characterizing its performance and quantifying the associated systematic uncertainties. MicroBooNE, the longest-operating LArTPC to date, has performed numerous such measurements, including studies of detector physics and electromagnetic shower reconstruction. Here, we present results on the operation and performance of the detector during its data taking, highlighting accomplishments toward calorimetric reconstruction, calibration, and detector physics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 23rd International Workshop on Neutrinos from Accelerators)

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6 pages, 6242 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of an Argon Light Source as a Calibration and Quality Control Device for Liquid Argon Light Detectors

by Mehmet Tosun, Burak Bilki, Fatma Boran, Furkan Dolek and Kutlu Kagan Sahbaz

Instruments 2022, 6(4), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments6040045 - 21 Sep 2022

Viewed by 1565

Abstract

The majority of future large-scale neutrino and dark matter experiments are based on liquid argon detectors. Since liquid argon is also a very effective scintillator, these experiments also have light detection systems. The liquid argon scintillation wavelength of 127 nm is most commonly [...] Read more.

The majority of future large-scale neutrino and dark matter experiments are based on liquid argon detectors. Since liquid argon is also a very effective scintillator, these experiments also have light detection systems. The liquid argon scintillation wavelength of 127 nm is most commonly shifted to the visible range by special wavelength shifters or read out by the 127 nm sensitive photodetectors that are under development. The effective calibration and quality control of these active media is still a persisting problem. In order to respond to this need, we developed an argon light source which is based on plasma generation and light transfer across a MgF

_{2}

window. The light source was designed as a small, portable and easy-to-operate device to enable the acquisition of performance characteristics of several square meters of light detectors. Here, we report on the development of the light source and its performance characteristics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 19th International Conference on Calorimetry in Particle Physics (CALOR 2022))

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9 pages, 1261 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Energy Reconstruction and Calibration of the MicroBooNE LArTPC

by Richard Diurba

Instruments 2022, 6(3), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments6030030 - 29 Aug 2022

Viewed by 2201

Abstract

MicroBooNE uses a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) for simultaneous tracking and calorimetry. Neutrino oscillation experiments plan to use LArTPCs over the next several decades. A challenge for these current and future experiments lies in characterizing detector performance and reconstruction capabilities with [...] Read more.

MicroBooNE uses a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) for simultaneous tracking and calorimetry. Neutrino oscillation experiments plan to use LArTPCs over the next several decades. A challenge for these current and future experiments lies in characterizing detector performance and reconstruction capabilities with thorough associated systematic uncertainties. This work includes updates related to LArTPC detector physics challenges by reviewing MicroBooNE’s recent publications on calorimetry and its applications. Highlights include discussions on signal processing, calorimetric calibration, and particle identification. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 19th International Conference on Calorimetry in Particle Physics (CALOR 2022))

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10 pages, 2989 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Techniques for TPC Calibration: Application to Liquid Ar-TPCs

by José Maneira

Particles 2022, 5(1), 74-83; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles5010007 - 23 Feb 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3567

Abstract

Large liquid argon TPCs are playing an increasingly important role in neutrino physics, and their calibration will be an essential component of their capability to reach the required performance and precision. Natural sources are extensively used but present limitations, since natural radioactivity from [...] Read more.

Large liquid argon TPCs are playing an increasingly important role in neutrino physics, and their calibration will be an essential component of their capability to reach the required performance and precision. Natural sources are extensively used but present limitations, since natural radioactivity from

^{39} A r

is of low energy, and the rate of cosmic ray muons is low when the detectors are placed deep underground. Argon gas TPCs have been calibrated with ionizing laser beams for several decades, and more recently the technique has been further developed for use in liquid TPCs. Other recent ideas include the use of external neutron generators creating pulses that propagate into the detector. This paper reviews the development of the laser and neutron methods for the calibration of argon TPCs and describes their planned implementation in the upcoming DUNE experiment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from "New Horizons in Time Projection Chambers")

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15 pages, 1008 KiB

Open AccessReview

Calibration of Calorimetric Measurement in a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber

by Tingjun Yang

Instruments 2021, 5(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments5010002 - 26 Dec 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3359

Abstract

The liquid argon time projection chamber provides high-resolution event images and excellent calorimetric resolution for studying neutrino physics and searching for beyond-standard-model physics. In this article, we review the main physics processes that affect detector response, including the electronics and field responses, space [...] Read more.

The liquid argon time projection chamber provides high-resolution event images and excellent calorimetric resolution for studying neutrino physics and searching for beyond-standard-model physics. In this article, we review the main physics processes that affect detector response, including the electronics and field responses, space charge effects, electron attachment to impurities, diffusion, and recombination. We describe methods to measure those effects, which are used to calibrate the detector response and convert the measured raw analog-to-digital converter (ADC) counts into the original energy deposition. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Liquid Argon Detectors: Instrumentation and Applications)

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19 pages, 6345 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optical Readout of the ARIADNE LArTPC Using a Timepix3-Based Camera

by Adam Lowe, Krishanu Majumdar, Konstantinos Mavrokoridis, Barney Philippou, Adam Roberts, Christos Touramanis and Jared Vann

Instruments 2020, 4(4), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments4040035 - 27 Nov 2020

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4442

Abstract

The ARIADNE Experiment, utilising a 1-ton dual-phase Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC), aims to develop and mature optical readout technology for large scale LAr detectors. This paper describes the characterisation, using cosmic muons, of a Timepix3-based camera mounted on the ARIADNE detector. [...] Read more.

The ARIADNE Experiment, utilising a 1-ton dual-phase Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC), aims to develop and mature optical readout technology for large scale LAr detectors. This paper describes the characterisation, using cosmic muons, of a Timepix3-based camera mounted on the ARIADNE detector. The raw data from the camera are natively 3D and zero suppressed, allowing for straightforward event reconstruction, and a gallery of reconstructed LAr interaction events is presented. Taking advantage of the 1.6 ns time resolution of the readout, the drift velocity of the ionised electrons in LAr was determined to be 1.608 ± 0.005 mm/

μ

s at 0.54 kV/cm. Energy calibration and resolution were determined using through-going muons. The energy resolution was found to be approximately 11% for the presented dataset. A preliminary study of the energy deposition (

\frac{d E}{d X}

) as a function of distance has also been performed for two stopping muon events, and comparison to GEANT4 simulation shows good agreement. The results presented demonstrate the capabilities of this technology, and its application is discussed in the context of the future kiloton-scale dual-phase LAr detectors that will be used in the DUNE programme. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Liquid Argon Detectors: Instrumentation and Applications)

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