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Keywords = intra-epidermal electrical stimulation

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10 pages, 1535 KB  
Article
Assessing the Effects of the Topical Application of L-Menthol on Pain-Related Somatosensory-Evoked Potentials Using Intra-Epidermal Stimulation
by Taiki Makibuchi, Koya Yamashiro, Sayaka Anazawa, Tomomi Fujimoto, Genta Ochi, Koyuki Ikarashi and Daisuke Sato
Brain Sci. 2023, 13(6), 918; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13060918 - 6 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 10137
Abstract
L-menthol is known to activate transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) and induce analgesia to thermal stimuli. However, since thermal stimulation leads to the interaction among the other TRP channels, it was unclear whether L-menthol causes analgesia to stimuli other than thermal stimuli. [...] Read more.
L-menthol is known to activate transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) and induce analgesia to thermal stimuli. However, since thermal stimulation leads to the interaction among the other TRP channels, it was unclear whether L-menthol causes analgesia to stimuli other than thermal stimuli. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether activating TRPM8 via topical application of 10% menthol solution attenuates pain-related somatosensory-evoked potentials (pSEPs) and affects numerical rating scale (NRS) score using intra-epidermal electrical stimulation (IES). We applied 10% L-menthol or control solution on the dorsum of the right hand of 25 healthy participants. The pSEP and NRS, elicited by IES, and sensory threshold were measured before and after each solution was applied. The results showed that the topical application of 10% L-menthol solution significantly reduced N2–P2 amplitude in pSEPs compared with the control solution. Moreover, the N2 latency was significantly prolonged upon the topical application of L-menthol solution. NRS scores were similar under both conditions. These results suggest that topical application of L-menthol does not alter subjective sensation induced using IES, although it may attenuate afferent signals at free nerve endings even with stimuli that do not directly activate TRP channels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Sensory and Motor Neuroscience)
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15 pages, 1179 KB  
Article
Increased Oxidative Stress Underlies Abnormal Pain Threshold in a Normoglycemic Japanese Population
by Sho Osonoi, Hiroki Mizukami, Chieko Itabashi, Kanichiro Wada, Kazuhiro Kudoh, Akiko Igawa, Saori Ogasawara, Yasuyuki Ishibashi, Makoto Daimon, Soroku Yagihashi and Shigeyuki Nakaji
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(21), 8306; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218306 - 5 Nov 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2947
Abstract
Normal-high HbA1c levels are a risk factor for attenuated pain sensation in normoglycemic subjects. It is unclear, however, what mechanisms underlie the pathogenesis of attenuated pain sensation in such a population. We, therefore, explored the relationship between oxidative stress (OS) and pain sensation [...] Read more.
Normal-high HbA1c levels are a risk factor for attenuated pain sensation in normoglycemic subjects. It is unclear, however, what mechanisms underlie the pathogenesis of attenuated pain sensation in such a population. We, therefore, explored the relationship between oxidative stress (OS) and pain sensation in a rural Japanese population. A population-based study of 894 individuals (average age 53.8 ± 0.5 years) and 55 subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were enrolled in this study. Individuals with diabetes were excluded. Relationships between pain threshold induced by intraepidermal electrical stimulation (PINT) and clinico-hematological parameters associated with OS were evaluated. Univariate linear regression analyses revealed age, BMI, HbA1c, the OS biomarker urine 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), systolic blood pressure, and decreased Achilles tendon reflex on the PINT scores. Adjustments for age, gender, and multiple clinical measures confirmed a positive correlation between PINT scores and urine 8-OHdG (β = 0.09, p < 0.01). Urine 8-OHdG correlated positively with higher HbA1c levels and age in the normoglycemic population. Unlike in the normoglycemic population, both inflammation and OS were correlated with elevated PINT scores in IFG subjects. OS may be a major contributing factor to elevated PINT scores in a healthy Japanese population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenesis and Molecular Treatment Strategies of Diabetic Neuropathy)
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