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Keywords = high-impact practices (HIPs)

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13 pages, 1060 KiB  
Article
Condition Changes Before and After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Adolescent Athletes and Development of a Non-Contact Medical Checkup Application
by Hiroaki Kijima, Toyohito Segawa, Kimio Saito, Hiroaki Tsukamoto, Ryota Kimura, Kana Sasaki, Shohei Murata, Kenta Tominaga, Yo Morishita, Yasuhito Asaka, Hidetomo Saito and Naohisa Miyakoshi
Sports 2025, 13(8), 256; https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13080256 - 4 Aug 2025
Viewed by 162
Abstract
During the coronavirus 2019 pandemic, sports activities were restricted, raising concerns about their impact on the physical condition of adolescent athletes, which remained largely unquantified. This study was designed with two primary objectives: first, to precisely quantify and elucidate the differences in the [...] Read more.
During the coronavirus 2019 pandemic, sports activities were restricted, raising concerns about their impact on the physical condition of adolescent athletes, which remained largely unquantified. This study was designed with two primary objectives: first, to precisely quantify and elucidate the differences in the physical condition of adolescent athletes before and after activity restrictions due to the pandemic; and second, to innovatively develop and validate a non-contact medical checkup application. Medical checks were conducted on 563 athletes designated for sports enhancement. Participants were junior high school students aged 13 to 15, and the sample consisted of 315 boys and 248 girls. Furthermore, we developed a smartphone application and compared self-checks using the application with in-person checks by orthopedic surgeons to determine the challenges associated with self-checks. Statistical tests were conducted to determine whether there were statistically significant differences in range of motion and flexibility parameters before and after the pandemic. Additionally, items with discrepancies between values self-entered by athletes using the smartphone application and values measured by specialists were detected, and application updates were performed. Student’s t-test was used for continuous variables, whereas the chi-square test was used for other variables. Following the coronavirus 2019 pandemic, athletes were stiffer than during the pre-pandemic period in terms of hip and shoulder joint rotation range of motion and heel–buttock distance. The dominant hip external rotation decreased from 53.8° to 46.8° (p = 0.0062); the non-dominant hip external rotation decreased from 53.5° to 48.0° (p = 0.0252); the dominant shoulder internal rotation decreased from 62.5° to 54.7° (p = 0.0042); external rotation decreased from 97.6° to 93.5° (p = 0.0282), and the heel–buttock distance increased from 4.0 cm to 10.4 cm (p < 0.0001). The heel–buttock distance and straight leg raising angle measurements differed between the self-check and face-to-face check. Although there are items that cannot be accurately evaluated by self-check, physical condition can be improved with less contact by first conducting a face-to-face evaluation under appropriate guidance and then conducting a self-check. These findings successfully address our primary objectives. Specifically, we demonstrated a significant decline in the physical condition of adolescent athletes following pandemic-related activity restrictions, thereby quantifying their impact. Furthermore, our developed non-contact medical checkup application proved to be a viable tool for monitoring physical condition with reduced contact, although careful consideration of measurable parameters is crucial. This study provides critical insights into the long-term effects of activity restrictions on young athletes and offers a practical solution for health monitoring during infectious disease outbreaks, highlighting the potential for hybrid checkup approaches. Full article
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14 pages, 10327 KiB  
Article
High-Impact Polystyrene Structured Light Components for Terahertz Imaging Applications
by Kasparas Stanaitis, Vladislovas Čižas, Augustė Bielevičiūtė, Ignas Grigelionis and Linas Minkevičius
Sensors 2025, 25(1), 131; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25010131 - 28 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1171
Abstract
Terahertz frequency range imaging has become more and more attractive for a wide range of practical applications; however, further component optimization is still required. The presented research introduces 3D-printed high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) beam-shaping components for the terahertz range. Gaussian, Bessel, and Airy beam-shaping [...] Read more.
Terahertz frequency range imaging has become more and more attractive for a wide range of practical applications; however, further component optimization is still required. The presented research introduces 3D-printed high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) beam-shaping components for the terahertz range. Gaussian, Bessel, and Airy beam-shaping structures are fabricated, and different combinations are employed to evaluate imaging system performance. The combination of the Gaussian element as focusing and the Bessel element as collecting is revealed to be similarly efficient and less sensitive to misalignment than the classical Gaussian–Gaussian element setup. The presented research paves the way for introducing cost-effective structured light beam-shaping elements into THz imaging systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Sensing and Imaging 2024)
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13 pages, 384 KiB  
Review
Modular Universal Tumor and Revision System Prostheses in Patients with Bone Cancer of the Lower Limbs: A Narrative Review of Functional Outcomes
by Paola E. Ferrara, Mariantonietta Ariani, Sefora Codazza, Adelaide Aprovitola, Daniele Polisano and Gianpaolo Ronconi
Cancers 2024, 16(19), 3357; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16193357 - 30 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1489
Abstract
The optimal management of bone tumors requires a multidisciplinary strategy to guarantee high-quality care. At specialized centers, the medical team responsible for managing patients with bone cancer comprises oncologists, surgeons, radiologists, pathologists, and rehabilitation specialists. The goal of treatment is to achieve long-term [...] Read more.
The optimal management of bone tumors requires a multidisciplinary strategy to guarantee high-quality care. At specialized centers, the medical team responsible for managing patients with bone cancer comprises oncologists, surgeons, radiologists, pathologists, and rehabilitation specialists. The goal of treatment is to achieve long-term survival with minimal disability and pain. Postoperative rehabilitation is a fundamental therapeutic approach to enhance functionality and sustain the utmost quality of life following a limb-sparing surgery. Currently, megaprostheses are used for reconstructing bone defects after tumor resection, but in the literature, only a few studies have investigated rehabilitation outcomes in terms of functionality and impact on daily activities. This narrative review explores the functional and quality of life outcomes after the implantation of MUTARS® prostheses in patients with lower extremity bone tumors. A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus using the following MESH terms: “MUTARS”, “Megaprosthesis”, “bone”, “tumors”, “metastasis”, “lower limb”, “rehabilitation”, “outcome”, and “quality of life”, and 10 studies were included. The most frequent oncological pathology was found to be primitive bone tumors treated with modular prostheses. The outcome measures used were the Henderson et al. classification, Harris Hip Scale, Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score, Visual Analog Scale, Range Of Motion, Karnofsky Performance Scale, and quality of life questionnaire. MUTARS® is a well-established treatment option after bone tumor resection, although it involves extensive and complex post-resection reconstruction that exposes joints and tissues to substantial mechanical stress. Proper rehabilitation after MUTARS® surgery is a fundamental therapeutic step, although there is still insufficient evidence in the literature focusing on functional and rehabilitative outcomes. Therefore, more studies and guidelines are needed to define standardized rehabilitation protocols for clinical practice after orthopedic oncologic surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Cancer Metastasis)
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19 pages, 1456 KiB  
Article
What High-Impact Practices Work for Minoritized Students? Institutional Inequities in College Learning Opportunities and Outcomes
by Jaekyung Lee, Namsook Kim, Mengchen Su and Samantha Greenwood
Trends High. Educ. 2024, 3(2), 180-198; https://doi.org/10.3390/higheredu3020011 - 25 Mar 2024
Viewed by 3499
Abstract
This mixed-methods study examines what high-impact practices (HIPs) help improve the chances of college and career success among minoritized students. Building on transformative and ecological perspectives of HIPs, the study tracks U.S. 4-year college students’ learning opportunities towards bachelor’s degree completion followed by [...] Read more.
This mixed-methods study examines what high-impact practices (HIPs) help improve the chances of college and career success among minoritized students. Building on transformative and ecological perspectives of HIPs, the study tracks U.S. 4-year college students’ learning opportunities towards bachelor’s degree completion followed by job employment or graduate/professional school enrollment. It explores a more comprehensive and diverse set of HIPs: academic and sociocultural engagement, study abroad, foreign language, co-op/internship, student teaching, advanced math and writing courses, research, and volunteer activities. Statistical analyses of the Beginning Postsecondary Students (BPS) data reveal racial and socioeconomic inequities in HIP participation among different types of institutions, with relatively favorable opportunities and outcomes in private or research (doctorate-granting) universities. The qualitative analyses of college student interviews offer insights into the questions of why and how HIPs work (or not) for minoritized students. The study gives evidence-based policy guidelines for improving minoritized students’ college and career success by tackling institutional inequities in high-impact practices and learning opportunities. Full article
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17 pages, 275 KiB  
Article
High-Impact Teaching Practices in Higher Education: Understanding Barriers, Concerns, and Obstacles to Their Adoption
by Kristin VanWyngaarden, Julie A. Pelton, Pamela Martínez Oquendo and Christopher Moore
Trends High. Educ. 2024, 3(1), 105-121; https://doi.org/10.3390/higheredu3010006 - 25 Jan 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 8222
Abstract
This research explores the barriers, concerns, and obstacles undergraduate STEM educators face when implementing high-impact teaching practices (HIPs), the application of which may improve student learning outcomes. Because our study took place during the COVID-19 pandemic, our results also shed light on the [...] Read more.
This research explores the barriers, concerns, and obstacles undergraduate STEM educators face when implementing high-impact teaching practices (HIPs), the application of which may improve student learning outcomes. Because our study took place during the COVID-19 pandemic, our results also shed light on the unique challenges of utilizing HIPs in asynchronous online-learning environments. Thirteen undergraduate instructors were interviewed about their current teaching practices in order to identify barriers to or support for adopting HIPs. Data collected through semi-structured interviews revealed administrative and financial restraints as barriers to effective teaching which have been found in previous research. A number of new and unique obstacles emerged out of teaching remotely or online during the pandemic, including a heightened concern over the instructor’s ability to connect with students and engage in the best teaching practices. This research extends our current understanding of barriers and concerns about adopting HIPs in undergraduate STEM courses because of the unique perceived threats that emerged during the pandemic. We identify strategies to equip faculty with the support they need to provide equitable learning experiences, including access to consultants who support curriculum development and implementation in the classroom, ongoing educational coaching, and increased access to professional-development opportunities and a community of inquiry to discuss teaching strategies. Full article
18 pages, 6492 KiB  
Article
Advancing Urban Wastewater Management: Optimizing Sewer Performance through Innovative Material Selection for the Armlet with a Wet Circuit Measurement System
by Tomasz Sionkowski, Wiktor Halecki and Krzysztof Chmielowski
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(19), 10892; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910892 - 30 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1543
Abstract
Rainwater infiltration presents substantial challenges for urban wastewater management systems. This article delves into enhancing the quality of wastewater systems by proposing a novel device designed to tackle this issue comprehensively. The focal point of our research revolves around the conceptualization, construction, rigorous [...] Read more.
Rainwater infiltration presents substantial challenges for urban wastewater management systems. This article delves into enhancing the quality of wastewater systems by proposing a novel device designed to tackle this issue comprehensively. The focal point of our research revolves around the conceptualization, construction, rigorous testing, and the potential multifaceted applications of this innovative wastewater device. Our study is dedicated to assessing the viability of a cutting-edge apparatus that empowers municipal entities in swiftly identifying rainwater ingress points within channels during precipitation events. Our findings vividly showcase the device’s remarkable capability to directly measure moisture levels along the channel’s path, eliminating the arduous need for manual data input, extensive data collection, and intricate water analysis procedures. To ensure the seamless flow of both sewage and water within the sewer channel, the use of a relatively slender strap is conventionally favored. However, factoring in the requisite structural robustness, we recommend a minimum thickness of 4 mm for 3D printing applications. For instances where maintaining the channel’s cross-sectional area integrity is paramount, opting for an armlet with a wet circuit measurement thickness of up to 7 mm is vital. In the realm of material selection, our investigation advocates for the utilization of PC/ABS (polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), ABS, ASA (Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate), or HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene) for strap housing. For sewer diameters surpassing 315 mm, the application of thin-walled PVC (Poly Vinyl Chloride) emerges as a practical recommendation. Notably, the incorporation of PVC flat bars is discouraged, as their presence might potentially hinder the fluidity of sewage flow, thereby compromising the precision of wet circuit measurements. The pivotal innovation lies in the armlet with a wet circuit measurement system, harboring immense potential for broad-scale integration across municipal facilities. This solution emerges as a streamlined and efficient strategy, offering a comprehensive avenue for continuously monitoring, fine-tuning, and optimizing the structural soundness and operational efficacy of sewer systems. Full article
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20 pages, 11449 KiB  
Article
Biomechanical Analysis of Golf Swing Motion Using Hilbert–Huang Transform
by Ran Dong and Soichiro Ikuno
Sensors 2023, 23(15), 6698; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23156698 - 26 Jul 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5320
Abstract
In golf swing analysis, high-speed cameras and Trackman devices are traditionally used to collect data about the club, ball, and putt. However, these tools are costly and often inaccessible to golfers. This research proposes an alternative solution, employing an affordable inertial motion capture [...] Read more.
In golf swing analysis, high-speed cameras and Trackman devices are traditionally used to collect data about the club, ball, and putt. However, these tools are costly and often inaccessible to golfers. This research proposes an alternative solution, employing an affordable inertial motion capture system to record golf swing movements accurately. The focus is discerning the differences between motions producing straight and slice trajectories. Commonly, the opening motion of the body’s left half and the head-up motion are associated with a slice trajectory. We employ the Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) to examine these motions in detail to conduct a biomechanical analysis. The gathered data are then processed through HHT, calculating their instantaneous frequency and amplitude. The research found discernible differences between straight and slice trajectories in the golf swing’s moment of impact within the instantaneous frequency domain. An average golfer, a single handicapper, and three beginner golfers were selected as the subjects in this study and analyzed using the proposed method, respectively. For the average golfer, the head and the left leg amplitudes of the swing motions increase at the moment of impact of the swings, resulting in the slice trajectory. These results indicate that an opening of the legs and head-up movements have been detected and extracted as non-linear frequency components, reviewing the biomechanical meaning in slice trajectory motion. For the single handicapper, the hip and left arm joints could be the target joints to detect the biomechanical motion that triggered the slice trajectory. For the beginners, since their golf swing forms were not finalized, the biomechanical motions regarding slice trajectory were different from each swing, indicating that beginner golfers need more practice to fix their golf swing form first. These results revealed that our proposed framework applied to different golf levels and could help golfers to improve their golf swing skills to achieve straight trajectories. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors and Wearable Technologies in Sport Biomechanics)
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14 pages, 1939 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Fast-Track Pathway in Hip and Knee Replacement Surgery by Propensity Score Matching on Patient-Reported Outcomes
by Andrea Campagner, Frida Milella, Stefania Guida, Susan Bernareggi, Giuseppe Banfi and Federico Cabitza
Diagnostics 2023, 13(6), 1189; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061189 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2791
Abstract
Total hip (THA) and total knee (TKA) arthroplasty procedures have steadily increased over the past few decades, and their use is expected to grow further, mainly due to an increasing number of elderly patients. Cost-containment strategies, supporting a rapid recovery with a positive [...] Read more.
Total hip (THA) and total knee (TKA) arthroplasty procedures have steadily increased over the past few decades, and their use is expected to grow further, mainly due to an increasing number of elderly patients. Cost-containment strategies, supporting a rapid recovery with a positive functional outcomes, high patient satisfaction, and enhanced patient reported outcomes, are needed. A Fast Track surgical procedure (FT) is a coordinated perioperative approach aimed at expediting early mobilization and recovery following surgery and, accordingly, shortening the length of hospital stay (LOS), convalescence and costs. In this view, rapid rehabilitation surgery optimizes traditional rehabilitation methods by integrating evidence-based practices into the procedure. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Fast Track versus Care-as-Usual surgical procedures and pathways (including rehabilitation) on a mid-term patient-reported outcome (PROs), the SF12 (with regard both to Physical and Mental Scores), 3 months after hip or knee replacement surgery, with the use of Propensity score-matching (PSM) analysis to address the issue of the comparability of the groups in a non-randomized study. We were interested in the evaluation of the entire pathways, including the postoperative rehabilitation stage, therefore, we only used early home discharge as a surrogate to differentiate between the Fast Track and Care-as-Usual rehabilitation pathways. Our study shows that the entire Fast Track pathway, which includes the post-operative rehabilitation stage, has a significantly positive impact on physical health-related status (SF12 Physical Scores), as perceived by patients 3 months after hip or knee replacement surgery, as opposed to the standardized program, both in terms of the PROs score and the relative improvements observed, as compared with the minimum clinically important difference. This result encourages additional research into the effects of Fast Track rehabilitation on the entire process of care for patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty, focusing only on patient-reported outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring and Diagnosis of Patients during Rehabilitation Training)
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13 pages, 322 KiB  
Article
Nutritional Practices and Body Composition of South African National-Level Spinal Cord-Injured Endurance Hand Cyclists
by Reno Eron Gordon, Sunita Potgieter and Lize Havemann-Nel
Nutrients 2022, 14(23), 4949; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14234949 - 22 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2391
Abstract
Nutritional practices and body composition of para-athletes can impact their health and athletic performance. There is a paucity of research on the nutritional practices, including dietary and supplement intake, body composition and bone health of spinal cord-injured (SCI) endurance hand cyclists. This study [...] Read more.
Nutritional practices and body composition of para-athletes can impact their health and athletic performance. There is a paucity of research on the nutritional practices, including dietary and supplement intake, body composition and bone health of spinal cord-injured (SCI) endurance hand cyclists. This study assessed the body composition and dietary and supplement intake of 12 national-level SCI endurance hand cyclists (age: 44.0 ± 9.3 years). Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed in a sub-sample of participants (n = 4) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Estimated body fat percentage was healthy (18.4 ± 5.1%) and lumbar spine BMD for the sub-sample was adequate, however hip BMD was low (Z-score and/or T-scores < −2). Carbohydrate intake for male and female participants was below the recommended intake (3.8 (2.9–4.1) and 2.4 (2.0–2.7) g/kg BW, respectively). Overall protein intake was adequate, whilst fat intake was high for both males and females (39.7 (37.7–41.6) and 42.1 (39.0–45.3)% of total energy, respectively). The reported intakes for a few key micronutrients were also below the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) and/or adequate intake (AI) for males (vitamin D, calcium). The prevalence of supplement use before, during, and after training was 40%, 100%, and 60%, respectively. In conclusion, the hand cyclists could benefit from nutritional guidance to match their daily carbohydrate intake with exercise requirements and optimise their fat intake. Optimal vitamin D and calcium intake is also important especially in the light of poor bone health below the lesion level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Sports Nutrition)
38 pages, 19425 KiB  
Review
Imaging in Hip Arthroplasty Management Part 2: Postoperative Diagnostic Imaging Strategy
by Charles Lombard, Pierre Gillet, Edouard Germain, Fatma Boubaker, Alain Blum, Pedro Augusto Gondim Teixeira and Romain Gillet
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(15), 4416; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154416 - 29 Jul 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 12094
Abstract
Hip arthroplasty (HA) is a frequently used procedure with high success rates, but 7% to 27% of the patients complain of persistent postsurgical pain 1 to 4 years post-operation. HA complications depend on the post-operative delay, the type of material used, the patient’s [...] Read more.
Hip arthroplasty (HA) is a frequently used procedure with high success rates, but 7% to 27% of the patients complain of persistent postsurgical pain 1 to 4 years post-operation. HA complications depend on the post-operative delay, the type of material used, the patient’s characteristics, and the surgical approach. Radiographs are still the first imaging modality used for routine follow-up, in asymptomatic and painful cases. CT and MRI used to suffer from metallic artifacts but are nowadays central in HA complications diagnosis, both having their advantages and drawbacks. Additionally, there is no consensus on the optimal imaging workup for HA complication diagnosis, which may have an impact on patient management. After a brief reminder about the different types of prostheses, this article reviews their normal and pathologic appearance, according to each imaging modality, keeping in mind that few abnormalities might be present, not anyone requiring treatment, depending on the clinical scenario. A diagnostic imaging workup is also discussed, to aid the therapist in his imaging studies prescription and the radiologist in their practical aspects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Imaging of Arthritis)
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12 pages, 501 KiB  
Article
Barriers to Change: Social Network Interactions Not Sufficient for Diffusion of High-Impact Practices in STEM Teaching
by Tracie Reding, Christopher Moore, Julie A. Pelton and Sarah Edwards
Educ. Sci. 2022, 12(8), 512; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12080512 - 26 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2489
Abstract
We examined the relationship between faculty teaching networks, which can aid with the implementation of didactic high-impact practices (HIPs) in classroom instruction, and the actual implementation of said practices. Participants consisted of STEM faculty members that teach introductory courses at a USA research [...] Read more.
We examined the relationship between faculty teaching networks, which can aid with the implementation of didactic high-impact practices (HIPs) in classroom instruction, and the actual implementation of said practices. Participants consisted of STEM faculty members that teach introductory courses at a USA research university. A total of 210 faculty were invited to complete the Teaching Practices Inventory (TPI), which measures the use of classroom-based HIPs, and were then directed to a follow-up survey to gather teaching network data if they qualified. A total of 90 faculty completed the TPI, with 52 respondents completing the network analysis portion. Ego-level data, as well as network structural position data, were collected through roster format listing all invited faculty. No correlations were found between these network metrics and TPI score. Furthermore, respondents with similar TPI scores showed no preference for interactions within their group. For example, faculty with widely varying TPI scores interacted with each other with no indications of HIPs diffusion. Although the literature suggests strong teaching networks are a necessary condition for broad diffusion of HIPs, these results indicate that such networks are not a sufficient condition. This has implications for the diffusion of HIPs specifically and institutional change generally. Engaging individuals that possess both structural positions and pedagogical knowledge may be needed to help strategically diffuse HIPs in their own networks, with institutional support and guidance most likely also required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Higher Education: Improvements for a Better System)
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12 pages, 375 KiB  
Article
Anthropometric Assessment of General and Central Obesity in Urban Moroccan Women
by Natascia Rinaldo, Stefania Toselli, Emanuela Gualdi-Russo, Meriem Khyatti, Amina Gihbid and Luciana Zaccagni
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(11), 6819; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116819 - 2 Jun 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2538
Abstract
In the last few decades, North African countries have faced the nutrition transition, leading to an increase in obesity, exacerbated by an extremely low rate of physical activity (PA). Particular attention must be paid to abdominal obesity (one of the metabolic syndrome criteria), [...] Read more.
In the last few decades, North African countries have faced the nutrition transition, leading to an increase in obesity, exacerbated by an extremely low rate of physical activity (PA). Particular attention must be paid to abdominal obesity (one of the metabolic syndrome criteria), which has been linked to several health problems. The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of overweight/obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, in a sample of urban Moroccan women and to analyze the anthropometric indicators of metabolic syndrome risk among subsamples with different PA and socio-demographic characteristics. Urban Moroccan women living in Casablanca (n = 304; mean age 37.4 ± 15.6 years) were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Data concerning socio-demographic variables, PA behavior, and anthropometric measures (height, weight, waist, and hip circumferences) were directly collected. Body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, and relative fat mass were computed. Comparisons between women with different socio-demographic characteristics were performed through ANCOVA adjusted for age. The results reveal that 39.4% of the women did not practice any PA. The percentage of women above the cutoffs of risk for general and central obesity was more than half for all the indexes, except for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and 19.6% were at a very high risk of health issues. Moreover, being female unmarried, childless, graduates, and students were found to be protective against obesity. In conclusion, Moroccan women have a high level of obesity, especially abdominal, and preventive interventions are needed to reduce the health impact of obesity in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Health Behavior, Chronic Disease and Health Promotion)
12 pages, 386 KiB  
Article
Prevention of Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Total Hip and Knee Replacement: One European Consensus
by Enrique Gómez-Barrena, Timothy Warren, Ian Walker, Neil Jain, Nanne Kort, François Loubignac, Simon Newman, Carsten Perka, Antonio Spinarelli, Michael R. Whitehouse, Luigi Zagra and Basilio J. De la Torre
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(2), 381; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11020381 - 13 Jan 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 6027
Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication in total hip and knee replacement. Its prevention is key to decrease the incidence and avoid some consequences that seriously impact patients and health systems. In view of the variety of recommendations and guidelines, we [...] Read more.
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication in total hip and knee replacement. Its prevention is key to decrease the incidence and avoid some consequences that seriously impact patients and health systems. In view of the variety of recommendations and guidelines, we decided to conduct an expert, peer-reviewed European consensus analysis about the pre-, intra-, and postoperative prevention of PJI. A multinational group of practicing orthopedic experts developed a series of 47 consensus statements in 6 main groups of intervention, and a 2-stage Delphi approach was launched with a threshold for agreement at 75% and for very high agreement at more than 90%. A total of 306 orthopedic surgeon responses were gathered from 9 countries. Consensus was reached for 42/47 statements, 31/47 of which achieved a very high consensus. Many preoperative actions gathered strong consensus, although areas like the use of alcoholic chlorhexidine or the timing of hair removal did not attain strong consensus, despite available evidence. Intra- and postoperative actions showed more variability regarding incise drapes, skin suturing techniques, and wound follow-up. This study confirms an important consensus among orthopedic surgeons across Europe in many areas well known to contribute to the prevention of PJI; however, there are still grounds for improvement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art and Research on Joint Arthroplasties)
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9 pages, 499 KiB  
Article
Promoting the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Organic Chemistry Education through Undergraduate Research Experiences at WSSU
by Fenghai Guo, Jayla Young, Nichele Deese, Ti’Bran Pickens-Flynn, Dustin Sellers, Dexter Perkins and Mamudu Yakubu
Educ. Sci. 2021, 11(8), 394; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11080394 - 2 Aug 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3475
Abstract
Undergraduate research is well recognized as an effective high-impact educational practice associated with student success in higher education. Actively engaging students in research experiences is considered as one of the several high-impact practices by many agencies including the American Chemical Society. Developing and [...] Read more.
Undergraduate research is well recognized as an effective high-impact educational practice associated with student success in higher education. Actively engaging students in research experiences is considered as one of the several high-impact practices by many agencies including the American Chemical Society. Developing and maintaining an active undergraduate research program benefits both the faculty and students especially those from under-represented minority groups (URM). The infusion of research experiences into undergraduate curriculum enables students from all backgrounds to develop independent critical thinking skills, written and oral communications skills that are very important for successful careers in “STEM” area. Several strategies and activities such as a Peer Mentoring Program (PMP), funded research activities, the infusion of research into organic chemistry labs, undergraduate professional development, research group meetings, presentations at regional/national conferences, and publishing as co-authors on peer-review papers are vital in creating a welcoming research group that promotes the diversity, equity, and inclusion in organic chemistry education. The experiences working on funded research projects, presenting their research data at conferences and publishing papers as co-authors will greatly increase the under-represented minority (URM) students’ chance in landing a job or getting admitted into graduate/professional programs in STEM area. Full article
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12 pages, 1139 KiB  
Review
Current Evidence about Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Pregnancy
by Anca Angela Simionescu, Monica Mihaela Cirstoiu, Catalin Cirstoiu, Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu and Bogdan Crețu
Medicina 2021, 57(7), 655; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57070655 - 26 Jun 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 9859
Abstract
In adults, developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) represents a spectrum of disorders. It is commonly found in women in routine orthopedic practice. Hip dysplasia is a leading precursor of joint laxity; when untreated, it can contribute to chronic modifications, such as thickening [...] Read more.
In adults, developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) represents a spectrum of disorders. It is commonly found in women in routine orthopedic practice. Hip dysplasia is a leading precursor of joint laxity; when untreated, it can contribute to chronic modifications, such as thickening of the pulvinar and ligamentum teres (which can also elongate), hypertrophy of the transverse acetabular ligament, and osteoarthritis. DDH is presumed to be associated with alterations in pelvic morphology that may affect vaginal birth by the reduction in the transverse diameter of the pelvic inlet or outlet. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of pregnancy-associated DDH. We primarily focused on how a surgical DDH treatment might influence the pelvic shape and size and the effects on the mechanism of birth. We presented the female pelvis from the standpoint of bone and ligament morphology relative to a pelvic osteotomy. Then, we described whether the pregnancy was impacted by previous surgical DDH treatments, performed from infancy to adulthood. In conclusion, hip dysplasia is not associated with high-risk complications during pregnancy or with increased difficulty in vaginal delivery. Full article
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