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Keywords = hafnium-doped mesoporous silica

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14 pages, 3470 KB  
Article
Hafnium-Doped Mesoporous Silica as Efficient Lewis Acidic Catalyst for Friedel–Crafts Alkylation Reactions
by Yao-Bing Huang, Yu-Jia Luo and Fei Wang
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(8), 1128; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9081128 - 5 Aug 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4759
Abstract
The development of an efficient solid catalyst for Friedel–Crafts (FC) reactions is of great importance to organic synthetic chemistry. Herein, we reported the hafnium-doped mesoporous silica catalyst Hf/SBA-15 and its first use for Friedel–Crafts alkylation reactions. Catalysts with different Si/Hf ratios were prepared [...] Read more.
The development of an efficient solid catalyst for Friedel–Crafts (FC) reactions is of great importance to organic synthetic chemistry. Herein, we reported the hafnium-doped mesoporous silica catalyst Hf/SBA-15 and its first use for Friedel–Crafts alkylation reactions. Catalysts with different Si/Hf ratios were prepared and characterized, among which Hf/SBA-15(20) (Si/Hf = 20:1) was the most active catalyst, offering up to 99.1% benzylated product under mild reaction conditions. The influences of reaction conditions on the product were systematically investigated and compared. Pyridine-IR characterization of the catalyst showed that Lewis acid formed the primary active sites for the Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization revealed that the electron shift from the Hf center to the silica framework resulted in a more active Lewis metal center for FC reactions. Moreover, the catalyst was successfully applied to the alkylation reaction with different alcohols and aromatic compounds. Finally, the Hf/SBA-15(20) catalyst also showed good recyclability in the recycling runs, demonstrating its high potential of being used for large scale FC reactions in the industry. Full article
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