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Keywords = ferruginous deposits cleaning

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17 pages, 3709 KB  
Article
In Situ Gel-Forming System for the Removal of Ferruginous Deposits on Nanhai I Shipwreck
by Jianrui Zha, Ruyi Wang, Jing Du, Naisheng Li and Xiangna Han
Gels 2025, 11(7), 543; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11070543 - 12 Jul 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1272
Abstract
The removal of iron deposits on shipwreck surfaces by mechanical cleaning is labour-intensive work. This study develops an in situ gel and peeling cleaning method, utilising a carboxymethyl chitosan/tannic acid (CMCS/TA) colloidal solution spray on the surface of ferruginous deposits, promoting their removal [...] Read more.
The removal of iron deposits on shipwreck surfaces by mechanical cleaning is labour-intensive work. This study develops an in situ gel and peeling cleaning method, utilising a carboxymethyl chitosan/tannic acid (CMCS/TA) colloidal solution spray on the surface of ferruginous deposits, promoting their removal by adhesion, chelation, and electrostatic bonding processes. The investigation confirmed that the CMTA-2 sample exhibited a sprayable viscosity of 263 mPa/s, the largest single removal thickness of 1.01 mm, a significant reduction in the fe/s atomic ratio by 2.53 units, and enhanced the deposit removal homogeneity. The field testing of the Nanhai I cultural relic showed a 14.37% reduction in iron concentration and a significant decrease in red colour (Δa* = 4.36). The synergistic mechanism involves TA chelating Fe2+/Fe3+ ions, while the CMCS gel network facilitates interfacial adhesion and mechanical peeling, hence promoting efficient and controllable cleaning. Full article
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