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Search Results (4)

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Keywords = dynamic cartographic symbols

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22 pages, 3440 KiB  
Article
Effect of Dynamic Point Symbol Visual Coding on User Search Performance in Map-Based Visualizations
by Weijia Ge, Jing Zhang, Xingjian Shi, Wenzhe Tang and Longlong Qian
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2025, 14(8), 305; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14080305 - 5 Aug 2025
Abstract
As geographic information visualization continues to gain prominence, dynamic symbols are increasingly employed in map-based applications. However, the optimal visual coding for dynamic point symbols—particularly concerning encoding type, animation rate, and modulation area—remains underexplored. This study examines how these factors influence user performance [...] Read more.
As geographic information visualization continues to gain prominence, dynamic symbols are increasingly employed in map-based applications. However, the optimal visual coding for dynamic point symbols—particularly concerning encoding type, animation rate, and modulation area—remains underexplored. This study examines how these factors influence user performance in visual search tasks through two eye-tracking experiments. Experiment 1 investigated the effects of two visual coding factors: encoding types (flashing, pulsation, and lightness modulation) and animation rates (low, medium, and high). Experiment 2 focused on the interaction between encoding types and modulation areas (fill, contour, and entire symbol) under a fixed animation rate condition. The results revealed that search performance deteriorates as the animation rate of the fastest target symbol exceeds 10 fps. Flashing and lightness modulation outperformed pulsation, and modulation areas significantly impacted efficiency and accuracy, with notable interaction effects. Based on the experimental results, three visual coding strategies are recommended for optimal performance in map-based interfaces: contour pulsation, contour flashing, and entire symbol lightness modulation. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the design of dynamic point symbols, contributing to improved user engagement and task performance in cartographic and geovisual applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Theories and Applications of Human-Computer Interaction)
15 pages, 6373 KiB  
Article
Animating Cartographic Meaning: Unveiling the Impact of Pictorial Symbol Motion Speed in Preattentive Processing
by Paweł Cybulski
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2024, 13(4), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi13040118 - 3 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1988
Abstract
The primary objective of this study is to assess how the motion of dynamic point symbols impacts preattentive processing on a map. Specifically, it involves identifying the motion velocity parameters for cartographic animated pictorial symbols that contribute to the preattentive perception of the [...] Read more.
The primary objective of this study is to assess how the motion of dynamic point symbols impacts preattentive processing on a map. Specifically, it involves identifying the motion velocity parameters for cartographic animated pictorial symbols that contribute to the preattentive perception of the target symbols. We created five pictorial symbols, each accompanied by a unique animation tailored to convey the meaning associated with each symbol. The animation dynamics of symbols on the administrative map were distributed across arithmetic, logarithmic, and exponential scales. Eye-tracking technology was utilized to explain the user’s visual attention. The key findings reveal that, although movement does not uniformly hold the same designation in cartographic communication, it could guide user attention to identify the value peaks in quantitative map visualization. Motion velocity enhances the salience of animated symbols, making them stand out, not only against static elements but also against other animated distractors. Additionally, motion distributions between symbol classes based on exponential or arithmetic scales were identified as the most successful. Nevertheless, certain types of motion, such as rotational, do not perform well with pictorial symbols, even on the most effective motion distribution scale. Full article
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14 pages, 4142 KiB  
Article
Motion Velocity as a Preattentive Feature in Cartographic Symbolization
by Paweł Cybulski and Vassilios Krassanakis
J. Eye Mov. Res. 2023, 16(4), 1-14; https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.16.4.1 - 14 Sep 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 905
Abstract
The presented study aims to examine the process of preattentive processing of dynamic point symbols used in cartographic symbology. More specifically, we explore different motion types of geometric symbols on a map together with various motion velocity distribution scales. The main hypothesis is [...] Read more.
The presented study aims to examine the process of preattentive processing of dynamic point symbols used in cartographic symbology. More specifically, we explore different motion types of geometric symbols on a map together with various motion velocity distribution scales. The main hypothesis is that, in specific cases, motion velocity of dynamic point symbols is the feature that could be perceived preattentively on a map. In a controlled laboratory experiment, with 103 participants and eye tracking methods, we used administrative border maps with animated symbols. Participants’ task was to find and precisely identify the fastest changing symbol. It turned out that not every type of motion could be perceived preattentively even though the motion distribution scale did not change. The same applied to symbols’ shape. Eye movement analysis revealed that successful detection was closely related to the fixation on the target after initial preattentive vision. This confirms a significant role of the motion velocity distribution and the usage of symbols’ shape in cartographic design of animated maps. Full article
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16 pages, 799 KiB  
Article
Detection of Moving Point Symbols on Cartographic Backgrounds
by Vassilios Krassanakis, Vassiliki Filippakopoulou and Byron Nakos
J. Eye Mov. Res. 2016, 9(2), 1-16; https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.9.2.2 - 13 Feb 2016
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 101
Abstract
The present paper presents the performance of an experimental cartographic study towards the examination of the minimum duration threshold required for the detection by the central vision of a moving point symbol on cartographic backgrounds. The examined threshold is investigated using backgrounds with [...] Read more.
The present paper presents the performance of an experimental cartographic study towards the examination of the minimum duration threshold required for the detection by the central vision of a moving point symbol on cartographic backgrounds. The examined threshold is investigated using backgrounds with discriminant levels of information. The experimental process is based on the collection (under free viewing conditions) and the analysis of eye movement recordings. The computation of fixation derived statistical metrics allows the calculation of the examined threshold as well as the study of the general visual reaction of map users. The critical duration threshold calculated within the present study corresponds to a time span around 400msec. The results of the analysis indicate meaningful evidences about these issues while the suggested approach can be applied towards the examination of perception thresholds related to changes occurred on dynamic stimuli. Full article
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