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Keywords = dog parent guilt

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11 pages, 211 KB  
Article
Exploring Associations Between Empathy, Anthropomorphizing, and Psychological Distress in Dog Parents
by Heather Dye
Pets 2025, 2(3), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/pets2030031 - 27 Aug 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2394
Abstract
Dog parents have a strong attachment to their pets and treat them as children. Similarly to the guilt experienced by the parents of human children, dog parents feel guilty when they have to travel or work long hours and leave their dogs at [...] Read more.
Dog parents have a strong attachment to their pets and treat them as children. Similarly to the guilt experienced by the parents of human children, dog parents feel guilty when they have to travel or work long hours and leave their dogs at home alone. This study examined the empathic tendencies among dog parents and how they are related to dog parent guilt and other mental health symptoms. A sample of 332 dog owners from the United States, stratified by age and sex, was recruited for this study. The sample comprised 168 female and 164 male participants. The Guilt About Dog Parenting Scale (GAPS-D), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and Dog Anthropomorphism Scale were administered via an online survey. Demographic variables, such as age, sex, race, education level, household income, relationship, and parental status, were also collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and linear regression. As predicted, this study found that empathic tendencies in dog parents are related to guilt, anthropomorphizing, and mental health symptoms. This is the first study to examine empathetic tendencies among dog parents in relation to dog parent guilt. Researchers, educators, social workers, mental health professionals, and veterinarians should inform and educate pet owners about dog parent guilt. This will increase the knowledge of professionals, organizations, and pet owners suffering from such guilt. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) may offer a promising approach for helping pet parents identify, normalize, and better understand their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to empathic and anthropomorphic tendencies. By addressing these cognitive patterns, CBT could potentially help reduce associated feelings of guilt, depression, anxiety, and stress. Full article
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18 pages, 722 KB  
Article
And Child Makes Four: The Impact of a New Child on Dog-Owning Families
by Lori R. Kogan, Jennifer Currin-McCulloch, Cori Bussolari and Wendy Packman
Pets 2024, 1(3), 402-419; https://doi.org/10.3390/pets1030028 - 28 Nov 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4288
Abstract
Pets are often an integral part of the family structure, with many people viewing their pets as children and thinking of themselves as “pet parents”. Pets have been shown to provide an array of psychological and physical health benefits, but some research suggests [...] Read more.
Pets are often an integral part of the family structure, with many people viewing their pets as children and thinking of themselves as “pet parents”. Pets have been shown to provide an array of psychological and physical health benefits, but some research suggests that the effects of pet ownership are more nuanced than once thought. One common negative aspect of pet ownership is guilt. Drawing from research pertaining to the transition to siblinghood, this study explored pet owner guilt as a result of adding a child to a dog-owning family. It also measured changes in dogs’ behaviors and their impact on owners’ depression and anxiety levels. Results suggest that many parents feel dog-related guilt and struggle with the resultant changes in household dynamics with the arrival of a child. Suggestions to help improve the chances of a successful transition include awareness, preparation, and self-compassion. Planning and preparing can help minimize negative dog behaviors and, as a result, levels of parental depression and anxiety. Parents are encouraged to help their dogs succeed by taking the time to prepare beforehand, thereby minimizing their own guilt and decreasing the potential of a severed human–dog bond. Full article
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17 pages, 335 KB  
Article
Disenfranchised Guilt—Pet Owners’ Burden
by Lori R. Kogan, Cori Bussolari, Jennifer Currin-McCulloch, Wendy Packman and Phyllis Erdman
Animals 2022, 12(13), 1690; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12131690 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 44 | Viewed by 10251
Abstract
Guilt refers to an unpleasant emotional state associated with one’s behaviors, thoughts, or intentions, and it is based on the possibility that one may be in the wrong or that others may have this perception. Parental guilt is one common subtype and is [...] Read more.
Guilt refers to an unpleasant emotional state associated with one’s behaviors, thoughts, or intentions, and it is based on the possibility that one may be in the wrong or that others may have this perception. Parental guilt is one common subtype and is often associated with work–family conflict (WFC). WFC and related guilt have been found to be associated with depression and anxiety. Through an online anonymous survey, the current study was designed to explore dog owners’ guilt surrounding their dogs. Results suggest that dog owners’ guilt and WFC associated with their dog are at levels similar to those reported in human family studies. Additionally, the relationship between dog owners’ guilt and discrepancy between participants’ actual and ideal self, in regard to the role of a dog owner, also mirrored human-only family research. Because pet-related guilt is unrecognized, acknowledged, or supported, we suggest it is disenfranchised. As people return to work, in this period of post-COVID-19 pandemic time, it is paramount that companies and communities acknowledge pet owner guilt and WFC and help owners find practical, effective solutions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Companion Animals)
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