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Search Results (4)

Search Parameters:
Keywords = depreciated replacement cost method

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18 pages, 4900 KiB  
Article
Flexible Synthetic Inertia Optimization in Modern Power Systems
by Peter Makolo, Ramon Zamora, Uvini Perera and Tek Tjing Lie
Inventions 2024, 9(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions9010018 - 26 Jan 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4032
Abstract
Increasing the replacement of conventional synchronous machines by non-synchronous renewable machines reduces the conventional synchronous generator (SG) inertia in the modern network. Synthetic inertia (SI) control topologies to provide frequency support are becoming a new frequency control tactic in new networks. However, the [...] Read more.
Increasing the replacement of conventional synchronous machines by non-synchronous renewable machines reduces the conventional synchronous generator (SG) inertia in the modern network. Synthetic inertia (SI) control topologies to provide frequency support are becoming a new frequency control tactic in new networks. However, the participation of SI in the market of RES-rich networks to provide instant frequency support when required proposes an increase in the overall marginal operation cost of contemporary networks. Consequently, depreciation of operation costs by optimizing the required SI in the network is inevitable. Therefore, this paper proposes a flexible SI optimization method. The algorithm developed in the proposed method minimizes the operation cost of the network by giving flexible SI at a given SG inertia and different sizes of contingency events. The proposed method uses Box’s evolutionary optimizer with a self-tuning capability of the SI control parameters. The proposed method is validated using the modified New England 39-bus network. The results show that provided SIs support the available SG inertia to reduce the RoCoF values and maintain them within acceptable limits to increase the network’s resilience. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distribution Renewable Energy Integration and Grid Modernization)
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23 pages, 2066 KiB  
Article
The Enhancement of Special-Use Real Estate Properties: The Case of Hospital Facilities
by Marta Dell’Ovo, Francesca Torrieri, Alessandra Oppio, Stefano Capolongo, Marco Gola and Andrea Brambilla
Land 2023, 12(8), 1638; https://doi.org/10.3390/land12081638 - 21 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2049
Abstract
In the Italian context, public investments for the redevelopment and securing of the National Health Service’s real estate assets are a crucial topic in the context of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) within the Next Generation Italian strategy. The paper proposes [...] Read more.
In the Italian context, public investments for the redevelopment and securing of the National Health Service’s real estate assets are a crucial topic in the context of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) within the Next Generation Italian strategy. The paper proposes the evaluation of alternative scenarios for accessing financing under the NRRP with respect to the criterion of the technically efficient solution, i.e., the solution that minimizes investment costs while respecting time obligations. The methodology proposed refers to the Cost approach with specific reference to the Depreciated Replacement Cost Method (DRC) in order to estimate the market value in different scenarios. The approach is applied to a case study located in the Piedmont Region, where alternatives are compared with respect to both budget constraints and the timeframe for accessing financing. Given the growing concern for urban regeneration and “public city” rearrangement as an answer to the ongoing global changes, making investments in special-use real estate properties has become a central and challenging issue both in the public and private decision domains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fostering Urban Regeneration Pathways via Urban and Architectural Design Projects)
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22 pages, 295 KiB  
Article
Applying the Depreciated Replacement Cost Method When Assessing the Market Value of Public Property Lacking Comparables and Income Data
by Enrico Fattinnanzi, Giovanna Acampa, Fabrizio Battisti, Orazio Campo and Fabiana Forte
Sustainability 2020, 12(21), 8993; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12218993 - 29 Oct 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 5159
Abstract
The growing interest in the enhancement, management, and sale of public building stock has increased the importance of their valuation and, as a result, the need to identify suitable methods for estimating value that take into account their peculiarities. They often boast architectural [...] Read more.
The growing interest in the enhancement, management, and sale of public building stock has increased the importance of their valuation and, as a result, the need to identify suitable methods for estimating value that take into account their peculiarities. They often boast architectural features (interfloor distance, layout, finishings, types of wiring/heating systems, etc.) that make them ‘extraordinary’ assets; in some cases, these features also endow them with monumental and/or historical importance. Thus, when valuating, it is necessary to adopt suitable methods. Where comparable examples or income-based parameters specifically concerning buildings with special features are lacking, the Depreciated Replacement Cost (DRC) method is the only system that can be used to estimate their market value. This paper aims to show how the DRC method can be applied in this specific market. The theoretical part will be coupled with a practical section where the DRC method will be used to estimate the market value of an extraordinary landmark building in Rome (Italy), the Palazzo degli Archivi di Stato (the State Archives building), in the EUR district, sold by EUR S.p.A. group (formerly known as Ente EUR) in 2015. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Buildings and Infrastructures Management: Models Strategies and Evaluation Tools)
12 pages, 1534 KiB  
Article
Economic Analysis of Diesel-Fuel Replacement by Crude Palm Oil in Indonesian Power Plants
by Petr Procházka and Vladimír Hönig
Energies 2018, 11(3), 504; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11030504 - 27 Feb 2018
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 5432
Abstract
Indonesia needs to find an alternative fuel to substitute diesel in their power plants in order to reduce the use of nonrenewable energy sources. The Indonesian government has a target to reduce oil fuel consumption while improving the efficiency of energy utilization. Crude [...] Read more.
Indonesia needs to find an alternative fuel to substitute diesel in their power plants in order to reduce the use of nonrenewable energy sources. The Indonesian government has a target to reduce oil fuel consumption while improving the efficiency of energy utilization. Crude palm oil is proposed to be used for this substitution. In this paper, the authors conduct an economic analysis of the replacement of diesel by crude palm oil. To predict future prices, a time series analysis is conducted using AutoRegressive Integrated Moving-Average method. A financial analysis of a specific project (0.75-MW power plant) is conducted using static financial indicators (payback period, return on investment). Results show that replacing diesel with crude palm oil may be profitable. This is especially true for the proposed prospects of diesel price evolution. Analysis shows that the price of crude oil, which is the main factor in the pricing of diesel, may go up. Also, recently Indonesian currency depreciated against the US dollar, which also implies a higher cost of diesel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section A: Sustainable Energy)
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