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Keywords = costal ecosystem processes

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18 pages, 2800 KB  
Article
Evaluation and Valorization of Ecological Risk Mitigation Through the Use of Sustainable Marine Resources in Ulva, a Marine Ecological Disturbance Species
by In-Yung Sunwoo, Yong-Kyung Ryu, Chul-Hong Oh and Woon-Yong Choi
Biology 2025, 14(5), 551; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology14050551 - 15 May 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1185
Abstract
Massive blooms of Ulva species, commonly known as green tides, pose serious ecological threats by disrupting coastal ecosystems and requiring costly removal efforts. This study presents a nature-based solution by seasonally valorizing Ulva ohnoi, a bloom-forming macroalga dominant in Jeju Island, South [...] Read more.
Massive blooms of Ulva species, commonly known as green tides, pose serious ecological threats by disrupting coastal ecosystems and requiring costly removal efforts. This study presents a nature-based solution by seasonally valorizing Ulva ohnoi, a bloom-forming macroalga dominant in Jeju Island, South Korea. Biomass was collected across all four seasons and subjected to phylogenetic identification, biochemical characterization, and bioresource processing. Despite environmental fluctuations, tufA-based analysis confirmed U. ohnoi as the sole species present year-round. Carbohydrate content peaked in spring (55.35%) and was lowest in summer (45.74%), corresponding to maximum reducing sugar of 36.49 g/L in winter and 36.24 g/L in spring following acid-enzymatic hydrolysis. The maximum ethanol fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced up to 17.12 g/L ethanol in spring with a yield of 0.47 g/g. Post-fermentation residues were enzymatically hydrolyzed into Ulva Ethanol Residue Medium (UERM), which supported yeast growth and fermentation comparable to commercial YPD medium, achieving final optical densities of 8.3–8.5 and ethanol production of 16.5–16.8 g/L. Alanine, valine, and proline were the most abundant amino acids in UERM, supporting its suitability as a nitrogen source. These findings highlight the potential of integrating green tide mitigation with renewable energy and nutrient recycling through seasonal, localized biorefineries aligned with circular marine bioeconomy principles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biology, Ecology and Management of Harmful Algae)
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19 pages, 1971 KB  
Article
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Consumption of Coastal Ecosystem Enhancement Programme through Sustainable Artificial Reefs in Galicia
by Luis Carral, Juan José Cartelle Barros, Humberto Carro Fidalgo, Carolina Camba Fabal and Alicia Munín Doce
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(4), 1909; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041909 - 16 Feb 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3576
Abstract
The principle of sustainability should condition a project in which artificial reefs are being installed to protect biodiversity as well as enhance costal ecosystems. In particular, this principle should be taken into account in the logistical processes related to manufacture and transport. This [...] Read more.
The principle of sustainability should condition a project in which artificial reefs are being installed to protect biodiversity as well as enhance costal ecosystems. In particular, this principle should be taken into account in the logistical processes related to manufacture and transport. This study assesses the global warming potential (GWP) and cumulative energy demand (CED) of developing a coastal ecosystem enhancement programme in the estuary region of Galicia, north-western Spain. The focus is on the processes involved in creating green artificial reefs (GARs): manufacture, transport and installation. The starting point is the supply chain for the green artificial reef (GAR) units; greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and energy needs for each phase are analysed. Various scenarios are considered to determine which options are indeed available when it comes to establishing the supply chain. Different types of energy supplies, different options for the location of production centres, as well as different means of transport were studied. Results reveal the critical phases for selecting how the GAR units must be produced, transported by road and sea and then installed in their permanent location. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Environment: New Uses of the Ocean and Energy)
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