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Keywords = coplanar waveguide monopole antenna specific absorption rate (SAR)

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12 pages, 6177 KB  
Article
A Conformal Tri-Band Antenna for Flexible Devices and Body-Centric Wireless Communications
by Wahaj Abbas Awan, Anees Abbas, Syeda Iffat Naqvi, Dalia H. Elkamchouchi, Muhammad Aslam and Niamat Hussain
Micromachines 2023, 14(10), 1842; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14101842 - 27 Sep 2023
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3021
Abstract
A conformal tri-band antenna tailored for flexible devices and body-centric wireless communications operating at the key frequency bands is proposed. The antenna is printed on a thin Rogers RT 5880 substrate, merely 0.254 mm thick, with an overall geometrical dimension of 15 × [...] Read more.
A conformal tri-band antenna tailored for flexible devices and body-centric wireless communications operating at the key frequency bands is proposed. The antenna is printed on a thin Rogers RT 5880 substrate, merely 0.254 mm thick, with an overall geometrical dimension of 15 × 20 × 0.254 mm3. This inventive design features a truncated corner monopole accompanied by branched stubs fed by a coplanar waveguide. The stubs, varying in length, serve as quarter-wavelength monopoles, facilitating multi-band functionality at 2.45, 3.5, and 5.8 GHz. Given the antenna’s intended applications in flexible devices and body-centric networks, the conformability of the proposed design is investigated. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is conducted using a four-layered human tissue model. Notably, the SAR values for the proposed geometry at 2.45, 3.5, and 5.8 GHz stand at 1.48, 1.26, and 1.1 W/kg for 1 g of tissue, and 1.52, 1.41, and 0.62 W/kg for 10 g of tissue, respectively. Remarkably, these values comfortably adhere to both FCC and European Union standards, as they remain substantially beneath the threshold values of 1.6 W/kg and 2 W/kg for 1 g and 10 g tissues, respectively. The radiation characteristics and performance of the antenna in flat and different bending configurations validate the suitability of the antenna for flexible devices and body-centric wireless communications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section E:Engineering and Technology)
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24 pages, 10677 KB  
Article
Complete Breast Cancer Detection and Monitoring System by Using Microwave Textile Based Antenna Sensors
by Dalia N. Elsheakh, Rawda A. Mohamed, Omar M. Fahmy, Khaled Ezzat and Angie R. Eldamak
Biosensors 2023, 13(1), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13010087 - 4 Jan 2023
Cited by 109 | Viewed by 11327
Abstract
This paper presents the development of a new complete wearable system for detecting breast tumors based on fully textile antenna-based sensors. The proposed sensor is compact and fully made of textiles so that it fits conformably and comfortably on the breasts with dimensions [...] Read more.
This paper presents the development of a new complete wearable system for detecting breast tumors based on fully textile antenna-based sensors. The proposed sensor is compact and fully made of textiles so that it fits conformably and comfortably on the breasts with dimensions of 24 × 45 × 0.17 mm3 on a cotton substrate. The proposed antenna sensor is fed with a coplanar waveguide feed for easy integration with other systems. It realizes impedance bandwidth from 1.6 GHz up to 10 GHz at |S11| ≤ −6 dB (VSWR ≤ 3) and from 1.8 to 2.4 GHz and from 4 up to 10 GHz at |S11| ≤ −10 dB (VSWR ≤ 2). The proposed sensor acquires a low specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.55 W/kg and 0.25 W/kg at 1g and 10 g, respectively, at 25 dBm power level over the operating band. Furthermore, the proposed system utilizes machine-learning algorithms (MLA) to differentiate between malignant tumor and benign breast tissues. Simulation examples have been recorded to verify and validate machine-learning algorithms in detecting tumors at different sizes of 10 mm and 20 mm, respectively. The classification accuracy reached 100% on the tested dataset when considering |S21| parameter features. The proposed system is vision as a “Smart Bra” that is capable of providing an easy interface for women who require continuous breast monitoring in the comfort of their homes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Paper-Based Biosensors)
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12 pages, 4582 KB  
Article
An EBG-Based Triple-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications
by Rongqiang Li, Chuan Wu, Xiaofeng Sun, Yuan Zhao and Wei Luo
Micromachines 2022, 13(11), 1938; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13111938 - 10 Nov 2022
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 3355
Abstract
In this article, a triple-band wearable monopole antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) with an integrated electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) array is proposed. The monopole antenna consists of an asymmetric inverted U-shaped strip, a horizontal branch, and an L-shaped ground stub, which can [...] Read more.
In this article, a triple-band wearable monopole antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) with an integrated electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) array is proposed. The monopole antenna consists of an asymmetric inverted U-shaped strip, a horizontal branch, and an L-shaped ground stub, which can generate the 2.45/5.8 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) band and the 3.5 GHz worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) band. To reduce the influence of antenna radiation on the human body, a triple-band 3 × 3 EBG array has been integrated into the back of the monopole antenna. The EBG unit is composed of two rectangular rings and a circular ring, and the operating frequencies correspond to the triple bands of the monopole antenna. In this paper, the impedance and radiation performances of the stand-alone monopole antenna and the integrated antenna are analyzed, and the safety for the human body is evaluated based on specific absorption rate (SAR) values. The proposed triple-band antenna can be used in wearable devices in wireless body area networks (WBANs). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Miniaturized Wearable Antennas)
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