Czochralski crystal growth has become a popular technique to produce pure single crystals. Many methods have also been developed to optimize this process. In this study, a charge-coupled device camera was used to record the crystal growth progress fr...
The present article describes the one-pot synthesis of double- and single-tailed surfactants by a cascade process that involves the hydrolysis/butanolysis of pectins into butyl galacturonate monosaccharides followed by transesterification/transacetal...
Furfural is a fascinating bio-based platform molecule that can be converted into useful cyclic compounds, among others. In this work, the hydrogenative rearrangement-dehydration of furfural towards cyclopentanone using a commercially available Pt/C c...
In this study, a method for double-beam quantum cascade laser absorption spectroscopy (DB-QCLAS) was developed. Two mid-infrared distributed feedback quantum cascade laser beams were coupled in an optical cavity for the monitoring of NO and NO2 (NO a...
This study addresses developing systematic guidelines for the design of concentration control in the oxidation of benzene to maleic anhydride within a tubular reactor. The influence of step size selection and temperature sensor location on the tuning...
Roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing processes demand precise control of web or yarn velocity and tension, alongside robust mechanisms for handling system failures. This paper presents an integrated approach combining high-performance control with reliab...
A series of eight new 5-aryl-benzo[f][1,7]naphthyridines were synthesized in 17 to 64% overall yields via an improved MW-assisted cascade-like one pot process (Ugi–three component reaction/intramolecular aza-Diels-Alder cycloaddition) coupled t...
In this work, a highly sensitive, selective, and industrially compatible gas sensor prototype is presented. The sensor utilizes three distributed-feedback quantum cascade lasers (DFB-QCLs), employing wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) for the d...
Cascade reactions have been described as efficient and universal tools, and are of substantial interest in synthetic organic chemistry. This review article provides an overview of the novel and recent achievements in enzyme cascade processes catalyze...
In the Internet of Things (IoT), multiple sensors and devices are generating heterogeneous streams of data. To perform meaningful analysis over multiple of these streams, stream processing needs to support expressive reasoning capabilities to infer i...
Every year, electric power systems (EPSs) experience accidents resulting in static and dynamic instability, as well as power supply disruptions. Accidents evolve along various trajectories and sometimes can exhibit a cascading effect. In this case, t...
This paper presents a controller design technique for cascade control systems based on the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. In the proposed control scheme, the proportional-integral-proportional-derivative (PI-PD) controller structure is used...
For series cascade processes with a time delay, such as the first-order with time-delay (FOTD) process, the integral with time-delay (ITD) process, second-order integral with time-delay (SOITD) process, and unstable first-order with time-delay (UFOTD...
The 3–5 μm mid-infrared band is the atmospheric window band, where there are absorption peaks of many molecules. It plays an important role in trace gas detection, directional infrared countermeasures, biomedicine, and free-space optical com...
An increasing global population, rising energy demands, and the shift toward a circular bioeconomy are driving the need for more resource-efficient waste management. The increase in the world population—now exceeding 8 billion as of 2024—...
The cultivation of Plectonema terebrans BERC10 in wastewater and integrating the wastewater-derived biomass followed by its processing for multiple products in a biorefinery could help in achieving environmental sustainability and cost effectiveness....
The TriplexPro™-210 plasma spray torch (Oerlikon Metco) is a three-cathode plasma generator. It became a kind of workhorse for the wide range of tasks handled at the Jülich Thermal Spray Center (JTSC). Compared to conventional single-catho...
Multi-hole pressure probes are crucial for turbomachinery flow measurements, yet conventional data processing methods often lack generalization for complex flows. This study introduces an innovative approach by integrating machine learning techniques...
In high-frequency (HF) radar systems, transient interference is a common phenomenon that dramatically degrades the performance of target detection and remote sensing. Up until now, various suppression algorithms of transient interference have been pr...
The non-thermal plasma-driven cascade process for CO2-to-methanol conversion shows significant potential in the field of green methanol synthesis. This process innovatively couples a plasma activation module with a catalytic synthesis module via a mu...
Multi-output Gaussian process regression measures the similarity between samples based on Euclidean distance and assigns the same weight to each feature. However, there are significant differences in the aerodynamic performance of plane cascades comp...
The tank cascade system (TCS) has been used for over 2000 years for water management in Sri Lanka. Since surface water is limited in the dry zone of Sri Lanka, agricultural production, especially of upland crops, relies on groundwater for irrigation....
Stochastic variations of the operation conditions and the resultant variations of the aerodynamic performance in Low-Pressure Turbine (LPT) can often be found. This paper studies the aerodynamic performance impact of the uncertain variations of flow...
Focusing the over simplification of existing models in simulating river flow evolution process and lack of coordination of hydropower generation and export, this paper proposes a hydropower generation and export coordinated optimal operation model th...
Muonic Atom X-ray Emission spectroscopy (µ-XES) is a novel elemental technique that exploits the high-energy X-rays emitted from the muonic atom cascade process to characterize materials. At the ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, the technique is pe...
Valorization of agri-food residues to produce bio-based platform chemicals will enhance the transition to the bio-economy era. To this end, a sustainable process has been developed for the overall valorization of grape stalks (GS) according to a circ...
Corilagin (CLG), a major component of several medicinal plants, can exhibit diverse pharmacological properties including those of anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective qualities. However, there are no prior studies on its potential imp...
In vitro enzyme cascades possess great benefits, such as their synthetic capabilities for complex molecules, no need for intermediate isolation, and the shift of unfavorable equilibria towards the products. Their performance, however, can be impaired...
A proper remedy for the overexploitation of biomass and biobased materials in the bioeconomy is the valorization of biorefineries’ side streams into meaningful products. Hence, in pursuit of a cascade utilization of renewables, a unique biorefi...
This manuscript presents the remote monitoring of the main parameters in the 18O isotope separation technological process. It proposes to monitor the operation of the five cracking reactors in the isotope production system, respectively, the temperat...
Among all large-scale natural gas (NG) liquefaction processes, the mixed fluid cascade (MFC) process is recognized as a best-alternative option for the LNG production, mainly due its competitive performance. However, from a thermodynamic point of vie...
Frequency security is vital to the safety of power systems and has been scrutinized for many years. The conventional frequency security analysis only checks whether the frequency after anticipated initial failures can remain in the normal range based...
The production of butanol, acetone and ethanol by Clostridium acetobutylicum is a biphasic fermentation process. In the first phase the carbohydrate substrate is metabolized to acetic and butyric acid, in the following second phase the product spectr...
Carburizing process optimization requires accurate prediction of multiple interrelated outcomes, yet existing models either oversimplify the physics or require prohibitively large datasets. Here, we present a physics-informed machine learning (PIML)...
Biorefinery plays a crucial role in the decarbonization of the current economic model, but its high investments and costs make its products less competitive. Identifying the best technological route to maximize operational synergies is crucial for it...
The present paper deals with the complex study of CO2 capture from combined heat power plant flue gases using the efficient technological design of a membrane cascade type of «Continuous Membrane Column» for binary gas mixture separation....
Here, we report the development of a novel bifunctional nanobiocatalyst for a one-pot cascade transformation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to D-sorbitol. The nanobiocatalyst is based on magnetic nanoparticle aggregates (MNAs) functionalized with c...
Maintaining stable pressure in the oxidation–compressor section of purified terephthalic acid (PTA) plants is essential for ensuring efficient and reliable operation. Conventional single-loop proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers f...
Plant-based residues generated within the agri-food system represent an abundant resource with significant potential for sustainable valorization. However, they are still underutilized and place a substantial burden on the environment and climate. Th...
Biocatalytic processes often provide an ecological alternative to many chemical processes. However, further improvements in terms of the economic efficiency are required. In order to achieve that, the concept of process integration is a promising opt...
Cascade reactions provide a straightforward access to many valuable compounds and reduce considerably the number of steps of a synthetic sequence. Among the domino and multicomponent processes that involve alkynes, the cascade reaction between alkyno...
Enzyme cascades are an emerging synthetic tool for the synthesis of various molecules, combining the advantages of biocatalysis and of one-pot multi-step reactions. However, the more complex the enzyme cascade is, the more difficult it is to achieve...
As the energy crisis intensifies, the global demand for natural gas is growing rapidly. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) technology is among the delivery solutions with flexible and reliable application prospects and is already a significant field of rese...
We describe the one-pot synthesis of twenty polyheterocyclic pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-ones via a cascade process (Ugi-3CR/aza Diels-Alder/N-acylation/aromatization) in 20 to 95% overall yields, as well as four pharmacologically promising analogues via...
The present article describes a one-pot and cascade mode process using biocompatible/biodegradable reagents, for simply obtaining surfactant compositions comprising mixtures of d-mannuronic acid and l-guluronic acid directly from oligoalginates or se...
Partial nitritation (PN) coupled with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process has improved ammonium removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The operation conditions of this process, i.e., the dissolved oxygen (DO) and the influent...
The precise synthesis of non-precious metal single-atom electrocatalysts is crucial for enhancing the yield of highly active reactive oxygen species (ROSs). Conventional oxidation methods, such as Fenton or NaClO processes, suffer from poor efficienc...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health concern. It remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. TBI pathology involves complex secondary injury cascades that are associated with cellular and molecular dysfunction, inc...
Studies on microalgal lipid production as a sustainable feedstock for biofuels and chemicals are scarce, particularly those on applying open thin-layer cascade (TLC) photobioreactors under dynamic diurnal conditions. Continuous lipid production with...
Difference-frequency generation is a well-known method of obtaining IR and THz radiation. It has many practical applications, such as sensing, optical metrology, diagnostics, detection and identification of substances, etc. One of the generation meth...
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