Enzymes in the cytochrome P450 4 (CYP4) family are involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, xenobiotics, therapeutic drugs, and signaling molecules, including eicosanoids, leukotrienes, and prostanoids. As CYP4 enzymes play a role in the maintenance of fatty acids and fatty-acid-derived bioactive molecules
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Enzymes in the cytochrome P450 4 (CYP4) family are involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, xenobiotics, therapeutic drugs, and signaling molecules, including eicosanoids, leukotrienes, and prostanoids. As CYP4 enzymes play a role in the maintenance of fatty acids and fatty-acid-derived bioactive molecules within a normal range, they have been implicated in various biological functions, including inflammation, skin barrier, eye function, cardiovascular health, and cancer. Numerous studies have indicated that genetic variants of
CYP4 genes cause inter-individual variations in metabolism and disease susceptibility. Genetic variants of
CYP4A11,
4F2 genes are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Mutations of
CYP4B1,
CYP4Z1, and other
CYP4 genes that generate 20-HETE are a potential risk for cancer.
CYP4V2 gene variants are associated with ocular disease, while those of
CYP4F22 are linked to skin disease and
CYP4F3B is associated with the inflammatory response. The present study comprehensively collected research to provide an updated view of the molecular functionality of
CYP4 genes and their associations with human diseases. Functional analysis of
CYP4 genes with clinical implications is necessary to understand inter-individual variations in disease susceptibility and for the development of alternative treatment strategies.
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