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Keywords = auditory discrimination therapy

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14 pages, 530 KiB  
Systematic Review
Music Therapy Outcomes in Older Adults Using Cochlear Implants, Hearing Aids, or Combined Bimodal Devices: A Systematic Review
by Liviu Lucian Padurean, Horatiu Eugen Ștefanescu, Calin Muntean, Vasile Gaborean and Ioana Delia Horhat
Healthcare 2025, 13(15), 1795; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13151795 - 24 Jul 2025
Viewed by 333
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Cochlear implants (CIs) and hearing aids (HAs) have enhanced auditory rehabilitation in elderly individuals, yet limitations in musical perception and psychosocial integration persist. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of music therapy (MT) on the quality of life (QoL), self-esteem, [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Cochlear implants (CIs) and hearing aids (HAs) have enhanced auditory rehabilitation in elderly individuals, yet limitations in musical perception and psychosocial integration persist. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of music therapy (MT) on the quality of life (QoL), self-esteem, auditory perception, and cognition in older CI and HA users. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed was conducted up to March 2022 following PRISMA guidelines. Studies involving participants aged ≥ 60 years with CIs and/or HAs were included. Ten studies (n = 21,632) met eligibility criteria. Data were extracted and assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results: MT led to improved sound quality, with HISQUI19 scores rising from 60.0 ± 21.8 to 74.2 ± 27.5. Early MT exposure was associated with significantly better MUMU outcomes (p = 0.02). Bilateral CI users showed enhanced stereo detection (52% to 86%), and CI + HA users achieved CNC scores exceeding 95%. Postlingual CI users outperformed prelingual peers in musical discrimination (9.81 vs. 3.48; p < 0.001). Long-term HA use was linked to better a QoL and reduced loneliness. Conclusions: While music therapy appears to support auditory and psychosocial functioning in hearing-impaired older adults, the absence of randomized controlled trials limits causal inference regarding its effects. These results support its integration into hearing rehabilitation strategies for older adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Care and Treatment of Ear, Nose, and Throat)
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25 pages, 9684 KiB  
Article
Retraining Dorsal Visual Pathways Improves Cognitive Skills After a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
by Teri Lawton, John Shelley-Tremblay, Roland R. Lee and Ming-Xiong Huang
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(7), 2273; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072273 - 26 Mar 2025
Viewed by 720
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Currently, there are no proven solutions to remediate cognitive deficits in people with a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). One common issue is visual timing deficits, which may be due to processing deficits in dorsal visual pathways. Methods: This [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Currently, there are no proven solutions to remediate cognitive deficits in people with a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). One common issue is visual timing deficits, which may be due to processing deficits in dorsal visual pathways. Methods: This study investigates whether a new intervention (PATH) aimed at improving these visual timing deficits is more effective than conventional cognitive therapies that either remediate: (1) pattern discrimination deficits (ventral visual pathway): Orientation Discrimination (OD), or (2) working memory deficits using ReCollect task, for 10 subjects between the ages of 26–60 years old. This study tests the ability of three different cognitive therapies to improve the primary outcome: visual working memory (VWM), and secondary outcomes: processing speed, auditory working memory, and selective attention in mTBI subjects based on neuropsychological tests administered before and after 36 30-min training sessions Monday, Wednesday and Friday mornings. Results: On average, the PATH group exhibited a 35% improvement in VWM, compared to 15% for ReCollect and 5% for OD. A repeated-measures ANOVA found that improving dorsal stream function improved VWM significantly more than found after the other two interventions. The results reveal the importance of strengthening dorsal pathways more than conventional cognitive therapies to improve cognitive skills after mTBI. A biomarker, MagnetoEncephaloGraphy (MEG) brain recordings, using an N-Back task for subjects in treatment groups, verified these improvements as well. Conclusions: The data from this preliminary study are very promising for a new method improving the brain’s timing, more effective than conventional therapies, to improve cognitive deficits in mTBI patients. Full article
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19 pages, 2644 KiB  
Article
Intelligibility Sound Therapy Enhances the Ability of Speech-in-Noise Perception and Pre-Perceptual Neurophysiological Response
by Takashi Ishino, Kei Nakagawa, Fumiko Higashikawa, Sakura Hirokane, Rikuto Fujita, Chie Ishikawa, Tomohiro Kawasumi, Kota Takemoto, Takashi Oda, Manabu Nishida, Yuichiro Horibe, Nobuyuki Chikuie, Takayuki Taruya, Takao Hamamoto, Tsutomu Ueda, Louis Yuge and Sachio Takeno
Biology 2024, 13(12), 1021; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121021 - 6 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1619
Abstract
Aural rehabilitation with hearing aids can decrease the attentional requirements of cognitive resources by amplifying deteriorated-frequency sound in hearing loss patients and improving auditory discrimination ability like speech-in-noise perception. As aural rehabilitation with an intelligible-hearing sound also can be hopeful, the aim of [...] Read more.
Aural rehabilitation with hearing aids can decrease the attentional requirements of cognitive resources by amplifying deteriorated-frequency sound in hearing loss patients and improving auditory discrimination ability like speech-in-noise perception. As aural rehabilitation with an intelligible-hearing sound also can be hopeful, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of aural rehabilitation with intelligible-hearing sound for hearing loss patients. Adult native Japanese speakers (17 males and 23 females, 68.43 ± 9.23 years) with hearing thresholds exceeding 30 dB at any of the following frequencies: 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 8000, 10,000, and 12,000 Hz in either ear, were recruited. on any side were recruited and underwent the Mini-Mental State Examination Japanese. We conducted a self-evaluation questionnaire for hearing problems of voice, a gap detection test, a fast speech test, a speech-in-noise test, a pure tone audiogram, and a speech perception test using a Japanese 67-S, cortical auditory-evoked fields, and magnetic mismatch negativity before and after the non-intelligible-hearing (N = 20) and intelligible-hearing (N = 20) sound therapy, which involved listening to music for one hour a day for 35 days. The better hearing ear was defined using a four-frequency pure-tone average at the thresholds of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. After the sound therapy, the speech-in-noise test with a signal-to-noise ratio +10 in the better hearing ear showed significant improvement (p < 0.05), and N1m-P2m amplitudes showed a significant increase in the Lt superior temporal gyrus in response to the stimulus from the better hearing ear (p < 0.05). A significant enhancement of the magnetic mismatch negativity amplitude at the Lt superior temporal gyrus was exhibited after the sound therapy (p < 0.01). Intelligible-hearing sound therapy can improve the ability of speech-in-noise perception in the better hearing ear and enhancement of central cortex response, which reflects the ability of working memory, was proved by cortical auditory-evoked fields and magnetic mismatch negativity. Intelligible-hearing sound therapy can be a valuable aural rehabilitation method for sensory neural hearing loss, the same as hearing aids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Neuroscience)
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9 pages, 909 KiB  
Article
Hearing and Language Skills in Children Using Hearing Aids: Experimental Intervention Study
by Luana Speck Polli Burigo, Anna Quialheiro, Karina Mary de Paiva, Thaiana Vargas dos Santos, Luciele Kauana Woide, Luciana Berwanger Cigana, Janaina Massignani and Patricia Haas
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(4), 372; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14040372 - 30 Mar 2024
Viewed by 2148
Abstract
Introduction: Hearing loss in childhood compromises a child’s auditory, linguistic, and social skill development. Stimulation and early intervention through therapy and the use of personal sound amplification devices (PSAPs) are important for improving communication. Purpose: To verify the effectiveness of speech therapy intervention [...] Read more.
Introduction: Hearing loss in childhood compromises a child’s auditory, linguistic, and social skill development. Stimulation and early intervention through therapy and the use of personal sound amplification devices (PSAPs) are important for improving communication. Purpose: To verify the effectiveness of speech therapy intervention on the auditory and linguistic skills of Brazilian children aged between 6 and 8 years using PSAPs. Methods: Experimental study analyzing the intervention process in children aged between 6 and 8 years with mild to severe bilateral hearing loss and prelingual deafness who are PSAP users. Diagnostic information was analyzed, and assessments and interventions were carried out using the Glendonald Auditory Screening Procedure (GASP), a phoneme discrimination test with figures (TFDF), an expressive language category classification test, and an Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) questionnaire. Results: Sixteen children participated in the study; they were divided into a control group (CG) of six children and an intervention group (IG) of ten children. All research subjects underwent two protocol application sessions, and the IG underwent six speech therapy intervention sessions. In the IT-MAIS, the CG had a 9% increase in score, and the IG had an increase of 3% after intervention. The TFDF obtained a 5% increase in the IG in terms of phonemic discrimination ability. The expressive language category classification tests and GASP were considered not sensitive enough to modify the parameters of auditory and linguistic skills. Conclusions: The study found a significant improvement amongst the IG in the TFDF protocol and an increase in IT-MAIS scores in both groups. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Methodology, Drug and Device Discovery)
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10 pages, 549 KiB  
Case Report
Effects of Musical Training in Music Therapy Following Cochlear Implantation—A Case Report
by Astrid Magele, Bianca Wirthner, Philipp Schoerg and Georg M. Sprinzl
Audiol. Res. 2024, 14(2), 217-226; https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres14020020 - 22 Feb 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2474
Abstract
The most prevalent sensory impairment impacting the elderly is age-related hearing loss (HL), which affects around 65% of individuals over the age of 60 years. This bilateral, symmetrical sensorineural impairment profoundly affects auditory perception, speech discrimination, and the overall understanding of auditory signals. [...] Read more.
The most prevalent sensory impairment impacting the elderly is age-related hearing loss (HL), which affects around 65% of individuals over the age of 60 years. This bilateral, symmetrical sensorineural impairment profoundly affects auditory perception, speech discrimination, and the overall understanding of auditory signals. Influenced by diverse factors, age-related HL can substantially influence an individual’s quality of life and mental health and can lead to depression. Cochlear implantation (CI) stands as a standard intervention, yet despite advancements, music perception challenges persist, which can be addressed with individualized music therapy. This case report describes the journey of an 81-year-old musician through profound sensorineural hearing loss, cochlear implantation, and rehabilitative music therapy. Auditory evaluations, musical exercises, and quality of life assessments highlighted meaningful improvements in music perception, auditory skills, and overall satisfaction post-implantation. Music therapy facilitated emotional, functional, and musical levels of engagement, notably enhancing his ability to perceive melody, rhythm, and different instruments. Moreover, subjective assessments and audiograms indicated marked improvements in auditory differentiation, music enjoyment, and overall hearing thresholds. This comprehensive approach integrating bilateral CIs and music therapy showcased audiological and quality of life enhancements in an elderly individual with profound hearing loss, emphasizing the efficacy of this combined treatment approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Music Perception in Cochlear Implant Recipients)
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12 pages, 1147 KiB  
Article
Immediate-Early Modifications to the Metabolomic Profile of the Perilymph Following an Acoustic Trauma in a Sheep Model
by Luc Boullaud, Hélène Blasco, Eliott Caillaud, Patrick Emond and David Bakhos
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(16), 4668; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164668 - 10 Aug 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1988
Abstract
The pathophysiological mechanisms of noise-induced hearing loss remain unknown. Identifying biomarkers of noise-induced hearing loss may increase the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of deafness, allow for a more precise diagnosis, and inform personalized treatment. Emerging techniques such as metabolomics can help to identify [...] Read more.
The pathophysiological mechanisms of noise-induced hearing loss remain unknown. Identifying biomarkers of noise-induced hearing loss may increase the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of deafness, allow for a more precise diagnosis, and inform personalized treatment. Emerging techniques such as metabolomics can help to identify these biomarkers. The objective of the present study was to investigate immediate-early changes in the perilymph metabolome following acoustic trauma. Metabolomic analysis was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry to analyze metabolic changes in perilymph associated with noise-induced hearing loss. Sheep (n = 6) were exposed to a noise designed to induce substantial hearing loss. Perilymph was collected before and after acoustic trauma. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and a supervised multivariate analysis based on partial least squares discriminant analysis. A metabolomic analysis showed an abundance of 213 metabolites. Four metabolites were significantly changed following acoustic trauma (Urocanate (p = 0.004, FC = 0.48), S-(5’-Adenosyl)-L-Homocysteine (p = 0.06, FC = 2.32), Trigonelline (p = 0.06, FC = 0.46) and N-Acetyl-L-Leucine (p = 0.09, FC = 2.02)). The approach allowed for the identification of new metabolites and metabolic pathways involved with acoustic trauma that were associated with auditory impairment (nerve damage, mechanical destruction, and oxidative stress). The results suggest that metabolomics provides a powerful approach to characterize inner ear metabolites which may lead to identification of new therapies and therapeutic targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Technologies and Translational Therapies for Deafness)
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15 pages, 1140 KiB  
Review
A Narrative Review of Auditory Categorisation and Its Potential Role in Tinnitus Perception
by Dunja Vajsakovic, Michael R. D. Maslin and Grant D. Searchfield
J. Otorhinolaryngol. Hear. Balance Med. 2022, 3(3), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/ohbm3030006 - 29 Jul 2022
Viewed by 2953
Abstract
Auditory categorisation is a phenomenon reflecting the non-linear nature of human perceptual spaces which govern sound perception. Categorisation training paradigms may reduce sensitivity toward training stimuli, decreasing the representation of these stimuli in auditory perceptual maps. Reduced cortical representation may have clinical implications [...] Read more.
Auditory categorisation is a phenomenon reflecting the non-linear nature of human perceptual spaces which govern sound perception. Categorisation training paradigms may reduce sensitivity toward training stimuli, decreasing the representation of these stimuli in auditory perceptual maps. Reduced cortical representation may have clinical implications for conditions that arise from disturbances in cortical activation, such as tinnitus. This review explores the categorisation of sound, with a particular focus on tinnitus. The potential of categorisation training as a sound-based tinnitus therapy is discussed. A narrative review methodological framework was followed. Four databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect) were extensively searched for the following key words: categorisation, categorical perception, perceptual magnet effect, generalisation, and categorisation OR categorical perception OR perceptual magnet effect OR generalisation AND sound. Given the exploratory nature of the review and the fact that early works on categorisation are crucial to the understanding and development of auditory categorisation, all study types were selected for the period 1950–2022. Reference lists of articles were reviewed to identify any further relevant studies. The results of the review were catalogued and organised into themes. In total, 112 articles were reviewed in full, from which 59 were found to contain relevant information and were included in the review. Key themes identified included categorical perception of speech stimuli, warping of the auditory perceptual space, categorisation versus discrimination, the presence of categorisation across several modalities, and categorisation as an innate versus learned feature. Although a substantial amount of work focused on evaluating the effects of categorisation training on sound perception, only two studies investigated the effects of categorisation training on tinnitus. Implementation of a categorisation-based perceptual training paradigm could serve as a promising means of tinnitus management by reversing the changes in cortical plasticity that are seen in tinnitus, in turn altering the representation of sound within the auditory cortex itself. In the instance that the categorisation training is successful, this would likely mean a decrease in the level of activity within the auditory cortex (and other associated cortical areas found to be hyperactive in tinnitus) as well as a reduction in tinnitus salience. Full article
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8 pages, 517 KiB  
Review
The Ethics of Translational Audiology
by Aleksandra Bendowska, Roksana Malak, Agnieszka Zok and Ewa Baum
Audiol. Res. 2022, 12(3), 273-280; https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres12030028 - 13 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3735
Abstract
Translational research moves promising primary research results from the laboratory to practical application. The transition from basic science to clinical research and from clinical research to routine healthcare applications presents many challenges, including ethical. This paper addresses issues in the ethics of translational [...] Read more.
Translational research moves promising primary research results from the laboratory to practical application. The transition from basic science to clinical research and from clinical research to routine healthcare applications presents many challenges, including ethical. This paper addresses issues in the ethics of translational audiology and discusses the ethical principles that should guide research involving people with hearing loss. Four major ethical principles are defined and explained, which are as follows: beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice. In addition, the authors discuss issues of discrimination and equal access to medical services among people with hearing loss. Despite audiology’s broad field of interest, which includes evaluation and treatment of auditory disorders (e.g., deafness, tinnitus, misophonia, or hyperacusis) and balance disorders, this study focuses primarily on deafness and its therapies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Translational Research in Audiology)
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18 pages, 2669 KiB  
Article
Effect of Auditory Discrimination Therapy on Attentional Processes of Tinnitus Patients
by Ingrid G. Rodríguez-León, Luz María Alonso-Valerdi, Ricardo A. Salido-Ruiz, Israel Román-Godínez, David I. Ibarra-Zarate and Sulema Torres-Ramos
Sensors 2022, 22(3), 937; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030937 - 26 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4522
Abstract
Tinnitus is an auditory condition that causes humans to hear a sound anytime, anywhere. Chronic and refractory tinnitus is caused by an over synchronization of neurons. Sound has been applied as an alternative treatment to resynchronize neuronal activity. To date, various acoustic therapies [...] Read more.
Tinnitus is an auditory condition that causes humans to hear a sound anytime, anywhere. Chronic and refractory tinnitus is caused by an over synchronization of neurons. Sound has been applied as an alternative treatment to resynchronize neuronal activity. To date, various acoustic therapies have been proposed to treat tinnitus. However, the effect is not yet well understood. Therefore, the objective of this study is to establish an objective methodology using electroencephalography (EEG) signals to measure changes in attentional processes in patients with tinnitus treated with auditory discrimination therapy (ADT). To this aim, first, event-related (de-) synchronization (ERD/ERS) responses were mapped to extract the levels of synchronization related to the auditory recognition event. Second, the deep representations of the scalograms were extracted using a previously trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture (MobileNet v2). Third, the deep spectrum features corresponding to the study datasets were analyzed to investigate performance in terms of attention and memory changes. The results proved strong evidence of the feasibility of ADT to treat tinnitus, which is possibly due to attentional redirection. Full article
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