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Keywords = amyloid goiter

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17 pages, 3769 KiB  
Review
Thyroid Gland Diffuse Lipomatosis: A Case Study and Comprehensive Literature Review
by Angeliki Emmanouilidou, Michail Karanikas, Kalliopi Pazaitou-Panayiotou and Nickos Michalopoulos
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(21), 6376; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13216376 - 24 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1777
Abstract
Diffuse lipomatosis of the thyroid (DLT) is an uncommon condition where mature fat cells infiltrate the thyroid gland, disrupting its normal structure. Although rare, it typically manifests as neck enlargement or symptoms of compression, including breathing difficulties, trouble swallowing, and voice changes, which [...] Read more.
Diffuse lipomatosis of the thyroid (DLT) is an uncommon condition where mature fat cells infiltrate the thyroid gland, disrupting its normal structure. Although rare, it typically manifests as neck enlargement or symptoms of compression, including breathing difficulties, trouble swallowing, and voice changes, which can complicate diagnosis. This report presents a case of a 61-year-old woman with DLT, who exhibited a multinodular goiter and progressive neck swelling, and examines 53 additional cases from the existing literature. The analysis indicates that DLT is frequently misdiagnosed because of its similarities with other thyroid disorders. The precise mechanism underlying its development remains uncertain, but theories include oxygen deprivation in tissues, developmental abnormalities, and disruptions in fat metabolism. Surgical removal is the preferred treatment, especially for patients experiencing symptoms, and has shown favorable long-term outcomes. Additional studies should aim to elucidate the exact cause of DLT and enhance diagnostic precision, particularly in distinguishing it from other fat-containing thyroid lesions such as amyloid goiter and adenolipomas. A deeper understanding of this condition will inform better treatment approaches and enhance patient outcomes for this uncommon but significant thyroid disorder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Endocrinology & Metabolism)
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11 pages, 2492 KiB  
Article
Amyloid Goiter in Familial Mediterranean Fever: Description of 42 Cases from a French Cohort and from Literature Review
by Hélène Vergneault, Alexandre Terré, David Buob, Camille Buffet, Anael Dumont, Samuel Ardois, Léa Savey, Agathe Pardon, Pierre-Antoine Michel, Jean-Jacques Boffa, Gilles Grateau and Sophie Georgin-Lavialle
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(9), 1983; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10091983 - 5 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2642
Abstract
Our aim was to describe the main features of amyloid goiter in adults with amyloidosis secondary to familial Mediterranean fever. Therefore, we analyzed cases from a French cohort of familial Mediterranean fever patients with amyloidosis and from literature review. Forty-two cases were identified: [...] Read more.
Our aim was to describe the main features of amyloid goiter in adults with amyloidosis secondary to familial Mediterranean fever. Therefore, we analyzed cases from a French cohort of familial Mediterranean fever patients with amyloidosis and from literature review. Forty-two cases were identified: 9 from the French cohort and 33 from literature review. Ninety percent of patients were on hemodialysis for renal amyloidosis before the development of goiter. The goiter grew up rapidly in 88% of cases; 75.6% of patients were euthyroid, 58% displayed dyspnea, and 44.8% dysphagia. Various features were seen on ultrasound, from diffuse to multinodular goiter. When it was performed, fine-needle aspiration biopsy almost always revealed amyloidosis. Thirty-one patients underwent thyroidectomy: to manage compressive symptoms (72%) or rule out malignancy (27%). Histology showed mature adipose tissue in 64% of cases and lymphocytic infiltration in 21.4%. In conclusion, amyloid goiter in familial Mediterranean fever preferentially occurs in patients with end stage renal failure. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy seems to be a sensitive exam for diagnosis, but thyroidectomy remains sometimes necessary to rule out malignancy or release compressive symptoms. Full article
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