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Keywords = amine-reactive phenazine ethosulfate

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10 pages, 1611 KiB  
Communication
An Amine-Reactive Phenazine Ethosulfate (arPES)—A Novel Redox Probe for Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensor
by Madoka Nagata, Jinhee Lee, Stephen Henley, Kazunori Ikebukuro and Koji Sode
Sensors 2022, 22(5), 1760; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22051760 - 24 Feb 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4021
Abstract
Electrochemical aptamer-based biosensors (E-ABs) are attractive candidates for use in biomarker detection systems due to their sensitivity, rapid response, and design flexibility. There are only several redox probes that were employed previously for this application, and a combination of redox probes affords some [...] Read more.
Electrochemical aptamer-based biosensors (E-ABs) are attractive candidates for use in biomarker detection systems due to their sensitivity, rapid response, and design flexibility. There are only several redox probes that were employed previously for this application, and a combination of redox probes affords some advantages in target detection. Thus, it would be advantageous to study new redox probes in an E-AB system. In this study, we report the use of amine-reactive phenazine ethosulfate (arPES) for E-AB through its conjugation to the terminus of thrombin-binding aptamer. The constructed E-AB can detect thrombin by square-wave voltammetry (SWV), showing peak current at −0.15 V vs. Ag/AgCl at pH 7, which differs from redox probes used previously for E-ABs. We also compared the characteristics of PES as a redox probe for E-AB to methylene blue (MB), which is widely used. arPES showed stable signal at physiological pH. Moreover, the pH profile of arPES modified thrombin-binding aptamer revealed the potential application of arPES for a simultaneous multianalyte detection system. This could be achieved using different aptamers with several redox probes in tandem that harbor various electrochemical peak potentials. Our findings present a great opportunity to improve the current standard of biological fluid monitoring using E-AB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Biosensors)
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10 pages, 1950 KiB  
Article
Engineered Glucose Oxidase Capable of Quasi-Direct Electron Transfer after a Quick-and-Easy Modification with a Mediator
by Nanami Suzuki, Jinhee Lee, Noya Loew, Yuka Takahashi-Inose, Junko Okuda-Shimazaki, Katsuhiro Kojima, Kazushige Mori, Wakako Tsugawa and Koji Sode
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(3), 1137; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031137 - 8 Feb 2020
Cited by 56 | Viewed by 7211
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOx) has been widely utilized for monitoring glycemic levels due to its availability, high activity, and specificity toward glucose. Among the three generations of electrochemical glucose sensor principles, direct electron transfer (DET)-based third-generation sensors are considered the ideal principle since the [...] Read more.
Glucose oxidase (GOx) has been widely utilized for monitoring glycemic levels due to its availability, high activity, and specificity toward glucose. Among the three generations of electrochemical glucose sensor principles, direct electron transfer (DET)-based third-generation sensors are considered the ideal principle since the measurements can be carried out in the absence of a free redox mediator in the solution without the impact of oxygen and at a low enough potential for amperometric measurement to avoid the effect of electrochemically active interferences. However, natural GOx is not capable of DET. Therefore, a simple and rapid strategy to create DET-capable GOx is desired. In this study, we designed engineered GOx, which was made readily available for single-step modification with a redox mediator (phenazine ethosulfate, PES) on its surface via a lysine residue rationally introduced into the enzyme. Thus, PES-modified engineered GOx showed a quasi-DET response upon the addition of glucose. This strategy and the obtained results will contribute to the further development of quasi-DET GOx-based glucose monitoring dedicated to precise and accurate glycemic control for diabetic patient care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biocatalysis 2.0)
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