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Keywords = U-bent optical fiber

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2 pages, 129 KiB  
Abstract
The Development and Standardization of a U-Bent LSPR Fiber Optic Biosensor to Screen for Parvovirus B19 IgM
by Reuben Kuruvilla Thomas, Ratan Kumar Chaudhary, Vikraman Aruldoss, Swati Kumari, Padma Srikanth and V. V. Raghavendra Sai
Proceedings 2024, 104(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024104020 - 28 May 2024
Viewed by 592
Abstract
Introduction [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th International Electronic Conference on Biosensors)
14 pages, 5033 KiB  
Article
Evanescent-Field Excited Surface Plasmon-Enhanced U-Bent Fiber Probes Coated with Au and ZnO Nanoparticles for Humidity Detection
by Elnaz Afsharipour, Kirtiman Deo Malviya, Mohammadreza Montazeri, Ebrahim Mortazy, Ramin Soltanzadeh, Alireza Hassani, Federico Rosei and Mohamed Chaker
Processes 2023, 11(2), 642; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11020642 - 20 Feb 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2882
Abstract
We report the design, fabrication, and testing of a humidity sensor based on an optical fiber-based evanescent wave probe. The fiber was bent into a U-shape and de-cladded at the location of the bending. The de-cladded section was coated either with Au or [...] Read more.
We report the design, fabrication, and testing of a humidity sensor based on an optical fiber-based evanescent wave probe. The fiber was bent into a U-shape and de-cladded at the location of the bending. The de-cladded section was coated either with Au or with ZnO nanoparticles. Humidity is detected based on the interaction in the surface plasmon resonance of the Au/ZnO nanoparticles excited by an evanescent wave of light passing through the optical fiber. The response of the U-bent fibers to humidity was investigated using a specifically designed low-voltage portable interrogation box. We found that the fibers coated with ZnO nanoparticles were able to detect a minimum 0.1% change in humidity with an average sensitivity of 143 µV/%RH and 95% linearity over the 10% to 80% humidity range. In comparison, samples coated with Au and Au + ZnO nanoparticles demonstrated a minimum change detection of 0.3% RH and 2% RH respectively. The response and recovery time of the sensor were measured to be 3 s and 4 s, respectively, for a 60% change in humidity from 20% to 80%. The entire measurement system was operated by consuming an electrical power of 1.62 W at an input voltage of 12 Vdc. Full article
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12 pages, 1879 KiB  
Article
ZnO Nanorods Coated Tapered U-Shape Plastic Optical Fiber for Relative Humidity Detection
by Siti Halma Johari, Tiu Zian Cheak, Hazli Rafis Abdul Rahim, Mohd Hafiz Jali, Haziezol Helmi Mohd Yusof, Md Ashadi Md Johari, Moh Yasin and Sulaiman Wadi Harun
Photonics 2022, 9(11), 796; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9110796 - 25 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2488
Abstract
A relative humidity sensor was fabricated by exploiting an evanescent wave (EW) on a U-bent tapered plastic optical fiber (POF) coated with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods. The POF was tapered manually using a polishing method to a diameter of 0.5 mm, a length [...] Read more.
A relative humidity sensor was fabricated by exploiting an evanescent wave (EW) on a U-bent tapered plastic optical fiber (POF) coated with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods. The POF was tapered manually using a polishing method to a diameter of 0.5 mm, a length of 5 cm, and a radius of 5 cm. ZnO nanorods were synthesized using a hydrothermal method and grown on the POF by a seeding process for 12 h. A significant response of the sensor was observed when the sensor was exposed to 35 to 90%RH due to the intense chemisorption process and changeable relative index in the POF. The sensitivity and resolution of the sensor have been improved by factors of 1.23 and 2.18, respectively, compared to the conventional tapered POF sensor without ZnO coating. Besides, the ZnO-coated sensor also exhibited better repeatability properties in terms of output voltage when exposed to 35 to 90%RH for three repeated measurements. The obtained results revealed that the proposed new POF sensor has an excellent sensing performance as an RH sensor in terms of sensitivity, repeatability, and stability properties. Full article
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19 pages, 13566 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of Humidity-Resistant Optical Fiber Sensor for Ammonia Sensing Using Diazo Resin-Photocrosslinked Films with a Porphyrin-Polystyrene Binary Mixture
by Soad Ahmed, Yeawon Park, Hirofumi Okuda, Shoichiro Ono, Sergiy Korposh and Seung-Woo Lee
Sensors 2021, 21(18), 6176; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21186176 - 15 Sep 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2984
Abstract
Ammonia gas sensors were fabricated via layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of diazo resin (DAR) and a binary mixture of tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)porphine (TSPP) and poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) onto the core of a multimode U-bent optical fiber. The penetration of light transferred into the evanescent field was [...] Read more.
Ammonia gas sensors were fabricated via layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of diazo resin (DAR) and a binary mixture of tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)porphine (TSPP) and poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) onto the core of a multimode U-bent optical fiber. The penetration of light transferred into the evanescent field was enhanced by stripping the polymer cladding and coating the fiber core. The electrostatic interaction between the diazonium ion in DAR and the sulfonate residues in TSPP and PSS was converted into covalent bonds using UV irradiation. The photoreaction between the layers was confirmed by UV-vis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The sensitivity of the optical fiber sensors to ammonia was linear when exposed to ammonia gases generated from aqueous ammonia solutions at a concentration of approximately 17 parts per million (ppm). This linearity extended up to 50 ppm when the exposure time (30 s) was shortened. The response and recovery times were reduced to 30 s with a 5-cycle DAR/TSPP+PSS (as a mixture of 1 mM TSPP and 0.025 wt% PSS in water) film sensor. The limit of detection (LOD) of the optimized sensor was estimated to be 0.31 ppm for ammonia in solution, corresponding to approximately 0.03 ppm of ammonia gas. It is hypothesized that the presence of the hydrophobic moiety of PSS in the matrix suppressed the effects of humidity on the sensor response. The sensor response was stable and reproducible over seven days. The PSS-containing U-bent fiber sensor also showed superior sensitivity to ammonia when examined alongside amine and non-amine analytes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fiber Optic Sensors in Chemical and Biological Applications)
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13 pages, 3738 KiB  
Article
U-Shaped Optical Fiber Probes Coated with Electrically Doped GQDs for Humidity Measurements
by Hsin-Yi Wen, Hsiang-Cheng Hsu, Yao-Tung Tsai, Wen-Kai Feng, Chih-Lang Lin and Chia-Chin Chiang
Polymers 2021, 13(16), 2696; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13162696 - 12 Aug 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3495
Abstract
The influence of the bending radius on the sensitivity of the graphene quantum dots (GQDs)-coated probe is experimentally investigated for a U-shaped probe. The fiber is bent into a U shape using the optic fiber flame heating method, and the optic fiber is [...] Read more.
The influence of the bending radius on the sensitivity of the graphene quantum dots (GQDs)-coated probe is experimentally investigated for a U-shaped probe. The fiber is bent into a U shape using the optic fiber flame heating method, and the optic fiber is enclosed in a glass tube to increase the stability of the probe. The surface of the U-shaped optical fiber was coated with electrospun fibers formed via electrospinning. Polymer materials doped with GQDs are applied to U-shaped optical fiber as humidity sensors. Graphene quantum dot nanofibers on the U-shaped optical fiber sensor to form a network structure of graphene quantum dots U-shape fiber sensor (GQDUS). The polymer network structure absorbs water molecules, which in turn affects the bending radius of the optical fiber, and changes the optical fiber spectrum. Graphene quantum dots provide optical enhancement benefits, which in turn increase the sensitivity of fiber optic sensors. The spectra monitoring system consists of an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA) and an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). This system can be used to detect humidity changes between 20% RH and 80% RH in the chamber. Our results indicate promising applications for quantum dots probe sensors from electrospun nanofibers increasing sensitive environmental monitoring. As such, it could be of substantial value in optical sensors detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Polymer Applications)
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13 pages, 3531 KiB  
Article
Ethanol Gas Sensitivity Sensor Based on Roughened POF Taper of Modified Polypyrrole Films
by Wenyi Liu, Yanjun Hu and Yulong Hou
Sensors 2020, 20(4), 989; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20040989 - 12 Feb 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3705
Abstract
The three polypyrrole (PPy) films with different mixture ratios, namely PPy1, PPy2, and PPy3, were synthesized by chemical oxidation with pyrrole and ferric chloride (FeCl3). The roughened plastic optical fiber (POF) taper assembled PPy films (POF-PPy1, POF-PPy2, and POF-PPy3) were facilely [...] Read more.
The three polypyrrole (PPy) films with different mixture ratios, namely PPy1, PPy2, and PPy3, were synthesized by chemical oxidation with pyrrole and ferric chloride (FeCl3). The roughened plastic optical fiber (POF) taper assembled PPy films (POF-PPy1, POF-PPy2, and POF-PPy3) were facilely prepared and bent U shape structure for testing ethanol gas at room temperature. The morphologies of the PPy films and the roughened POF taper were studied using electron microscopy. The effect of the three PPy films on the gas response was investigated and the results showed that the POF-PPy2 exhibited a high sensitivity of 5.08 × 10−5 dB/ppm. The detection limit of the sensor was 140 ppm and its response and recovery times were 5 s and 8 s, respectively. The results also showed that as the bending radius decreased, the response and recovery times gradually shortened, while the output power increased. In addition, the proposed sensor has advantages of a low cost and simple structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Sensors and Photonic Devices)
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13 pages, 5008 KiB  
Article
Preparation of Graphene/ITO Nanorod Metamaterial/U-Bent-Annealing Fiber Sensor and DNA Biomolecule Detection
by Wen Yang, Jing Yu, Xiangtai Xi, Yang Sun, Yiming Shen, Weiwei Yue, Chao Zhang and Shouzhen Jiang
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(8), 1154; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9081154 - 12 Aug 2019
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 4461
Abstract
In this paper, a graphene/ITO nanorod metamaterial/U-bent-annealing (Gr/ITO-NM/U-bent-A)-based U-bent optical fiber local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor is presented and demonstrated for DNA detection. The proposed sensor, compared with other conventional sensors, exhibits higher sensitivity, lower cost, as well as better biological affinity [...] Read more.
In this paper, a graphene/ITO nanorod metamaterial/U-bent-annealing (Gr/ITO-NM/U-bent-A)-based U-bent optical fiber local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor is presented and demonstrated for DNA detection. The proposed sensor, compared with other conventional sensors, exhibits higher sensitivity, lower cost, as well as better biological affinity and oxidize resistance. Besides, it has a structure of an original Indium Tin Oxides (ITO) nanocolumn array coated with graphene, allowing the sensor to exert significant bulk plasmon resonance effect. Moreover, for its discontinuous structure, a larger specific surface area is created to accommodate more biomolecules, thus maximizing the biological properties. The fabricated sensors exhibit great performance (690.7 nm/RIU) in alcohol solution testing. Furthermore, it also exhibits an excellent linear response (R2 = 0.998) to the target DNA with respective concentrations from 0.1 to 100 nM suggesting the promising medical applications of such sensors. Full article
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