Search Results (4)

Background: The use of 3D facial scans is becoming essential for dental practice. However, traditional scanners require labor-intensive procedures and are expensive, making them less accessible in routine clinical practice. In this context, high-performance smartphones and dedicated apps offer a more accessible alternative. This study aims to validate the accuracy of the EM3D app, which utilizes the iPhone’s TrueDepth camera technology, by comparing it to Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Methods: Thirty patients requiring CBCT scans were recruited for the study. Facial scans obtained with the TrueDepth camera of the iPhone 13 Pro in conjunction with EM3D app were automatically superimposed onto the 3D models derived from the CBCTs through the implementation of a deep learning methodology. The approach enabled the automatic identification of fifteen landmarks to perform linear and angular measurements for quantitative assessment. A color map was created to highlight discrepancies between the overlaid meshes, and the overall surface differences between the models were automatically quantified. Results: The overall surface difference between the CBCT and EM3D scans was highly accurate, with a mean discrepancy of 0.387 ± 0.361 mm. The mean discrepancies of most measurements were lower than 1 mm (five out of six; 83.33%) between the groups, with no significant differences (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The combination of the iPhone’s TrueDepth camera and the EM3D app exhibited high accuracy for 3D facial modeling. This makes it a cost-effective alternative to professional scanning systems. Full article

This article aims to present the possibility of using the low-cost iPhone 13 Pro LiDAR scanning device for inspections in the process of mineshaft sinking. The main goal of the research was to assess the accuracy and usefulness of the 3D models generated by the scanner. Measurements were performed at seven different concrete lining intervals before the final lining was completed. The measurements were made at the GG-1 ventilation shaft in Kwielice, Poland, at depths from 1320 to 1350 m below ground level. For better understanding of the true potential of using simple spatial models in the shaft sinking process, part of the shaft sinking cycle, in accordance with PeBeKa working technology, is first presented. Validation using professional TLS demonstrates the usefulness of the iPhone 13 Pro LiDAR scanner for the purpose of inspections that do not require a high level of accuracy. Additionally, a quick and reliable method of volume calculation using open-source software is shown and evaluated. Full article

Today’s smart devices come equipped with powerful hard- and software-enabling professional use cases. The latest hardware by Apple utilizes LiDAR and TrueDepth, which offer the capability of 3D scanning. Devices equipped with these camera systems allow manufacturers to obtain 3D data from their customers at low costs, which potentially enables time-efficient mass customization and product differentiation strategies. However, the utilization is limited by the scanning accuracy. To determine the potential application of LiDAR and TrueDepth as a 3D scanning solution, in this paper an evaluation was performed. For this purpose, different Lego bricks were scanned with the technologies and an industrial 3D scanner. The results were compared according to shape and position tolerances. Even though the industrial 3D scanner consistently delivered more accurate results, the accuracy of the smart device technologies may already be sufficient, depending on the application. Full article

Heritage recording has received much attention and benefits from recent developments in the field of range and imaging sensors. While these methods have often been viewed as two different methodologies, data integration can achieve different products, which are not always found in a single technique. Data integration in this paper can be divided into two levels: laser scanner data aided by photogrammetry and photogrammetry aided by scanner data. At the first level, superior radiometric information, mobility and accessibility of imagery can be actively used to add texture information and allow for new possibilities in terms of data interpretation and completeness of complex site documentation. In the second level, true orthophoto is generated based on laser data, the results are rectified images with a uniform scale representing all objects at their planimetric position. The proposed approaches enable flexible data fusion and allow images to be taken at an optimum time and position for radiometric information. Data fusion usually involves serious distortions in the form of a double mapping of occluded objects that affect the product quality. In order to enhance the efficiency of visibility analysis in complex structures, a proposed visibility algorithm is implemented into the developed methods of texture mapping and true orthophoto generation. The algorithm filters occluded areas based on a patch processing using a grid square unit set around the projected vertices. The depth of the mapped triangular vertices within the patch neighborhood is calculated to assign the visible one. In this contribution, experimental results from different historical sites in Jordan are presented as a validation of the proposed algorithms. Algorithms show satisfactory performance in terms of completeness and correctness of occlusion detection and spectral information mapping. The results indicate that hybrid methods could be used efficiently in the representation of heritage structures. Full article