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Keywords = Theba pisana

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20 pages, 3497 KiB  
Article
Thermal Impact and the Relevance of Body Size and Activity on the Oxygen Consumption of a Terrestrial Snail, Theba pisana (Helicidae) at High Ambient Temperatures
by Sascha Zimmermann, Ulrich Gärtner, Gabriel S. Ferreira, Heinz-R. Köhler and David Wharam
Animals 2024, 14(2), 261; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14020261 - 14 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2290
Abstract
Metabolism, mainly driven by oxygen consumption, plays a key role in life, as it is one of the main ways to respond to extreme temperatures through internal processes. Theba pisana, a widespread Mediterranean land snail, is exposed to a wide range of [...] Read more.
Metabolism, mainly driven by oxygen consumption, plays a key role in life, as it is one of the main ways to respond to extreme temperatures through internal processes. Theba pisana, a widespread Mediterranean land snail, is exposed to a wide range of ambient temperature. In this species the oxygen consumption was tested as a response variable by multiple regression modelling on the “explanatory” variables shell-free mass, temperature, and relative humidity. Our results show that the oxygen consumption of T. pisana can be well described (73.1%) by these three parameters. In the temperature range from 23 °C to 35 °C the oxygen consumption decreased with increasing temperature. Relative humidity, in the range of 67% to 100%, had the opposite effect: if it increases, oxygen consumption will increase as well. Metabolism is proportional to an individual’s mass to the power of the allometric scaling exponent α, which is between 0.62 and 0.77 in the mentioned temperature range. CT scans of shells and gravimetry revealed the shell-free mass to be calculated by multiplying the shell diameter to the third power by 0.2105. Data were compared to metabolic scaling exponents for other snails reported in the literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Physiology)
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13 pages, 295 KiB  
Article
Toxic and Potentially Toxic Mineral Elements of Edible Gastropods Land Snails (Mediterranean Escargot)
by Roberta Tardugno, Antonino Virga, Vincenzo Nava, Federica Mannino, Andrea Salvo, Francesco Monaco, Mario Giorgianni and Nicola Cicero
Toxics 2023, 11(4), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11040317 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2548
Abstract
The meat of snails can be considered a high-quality food for the human diet and demand is already increasing across Europe. Due to the bioaccumulation of trace elements in their tissues, land snails can be a significant tool also for environmental pollution evaluation. [...] Read more.
The meat of snails can be considered a high-quality food for the human diet and demand is already increasing across Europe. Due to the bioaccumulation of trace elements in their tissues, land snails can be a significant tool also for environmental pollution evaluation. In this study, 28 mineral elements (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Li, Na, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, Zn) in both the edible part and the shell of edible land snails commercially available in Southern Italy belonging to Cernuella virgata, Helix aperta, Theba pisana species were investigated by ICP-MS and direct mercury analyser. The concentration of trace elements was variable among the samples. The variability demonstrates the close connection among the type of snail, the geographical origin, and the habitat in which the species grows. The edible part of the snails analysed in this study was found to be a good source of macro-nutrients. Toxic elements were detected in some samples, especially in shells; nevertheless, the values fell within the safety limits. Further investigations and monitoring of mineral contents in edible land snails are suggested both for human health and environmental pollution evaluation. Full article
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16 pages, 1166 KiB  
Article
Can Estivation Preferences Be Used to Develop Novel Management Tools against Invasive Mediterranean Snails?
by Priscillia Hanache, Thierry Thomann, Valerie Caron and Gaylord A. Desurmont
Insects 2021, 12(12), 1118; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12121118 - 14 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2670
Abstract
Terrestrial snails that live in hot and dry climates have developed strategies to cope with high summer temperatures. Several species estivate during the warmest months of the years by resting on vertical supports, typically in groups. Understanding how snails choose their estivation sites [...] Read more.
Terrestrial snails that live in hot and dry climates have developed strategies to cope with high summer temperatures. Several species estivate during the warmest months of the years by resting on vertical supports, typically in groups. Understanding how snails choose their estivation sites and aggregate may lead to the development of new management tools in areas where these snails are invasive. Here, we investigated the preferences of four snail species for vertical supports varying in widths and heights under laboratory and field conditions, and tested whether the presence of conspecifics or snails of other species affected these preferences. The results show that the snails strongly preferred wider supports in laboratory dual-choice tests, and one species (Theba pisana) showed a consistent preference for taller supports as well. These results were confirmed in the field, where more snails were found on wider and taller supports 24 h after being placed in test quadrats. The percentage of snails found in groups on a support was strongly density-dependent. The presence of conspecifics or their mucus did not affect the choices of the snails, nor did the presence of snails of other species or their mucus. Taken together, these results could lead to the development of attractive supports that could be used to mass-capture snails in the field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biology and Management of Slug and Snail Pests)
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22 pages, 11421 KiB  
Article
Multiple Introductions of the Pestiferous Land Snail Theba pisana (Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda: Helicidae) in Southern California
by Jann E. Vendetti, Kimiko Sandig, Armenuhi Sahakyan and Alyana Granados
Insects 2021, 12(8), 662; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12080662 - 21 Jul 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4866
Abstract
The terrestrial land snail Theba pisana is circum-Mediterranean in native range and widely introduced and pestiferous in regions around the world. In California, USA, T. pisana has been recorded intermittently since 1914, but its source population(s) are unknown, and no morphological or molecular [...] Read more.
The terrestrial land snail Theba pisana is circum-Mediterranean in native range and widely introduced and pestiferous in regions around the world. In California, USA, T. pisana has been recorded intermittently since 1914, but its source population(s) are unknown, and no morphological or molecular analyses within or between California populations have been published. Therefore, we compared molecular data (CO1, 16S, ITS2) and internal morphology (jaw, radula, reproductive system) in T. pisana collected from Los Angeles and San Diego counties in 2019–2020. DNA barcode (CO1 mtDNA) analysis revealed that T. pisana from Los Angeles County was most similar to T. pisana from the Mediterranean island of Malta, and northern San Diego County-collected specimens were most similar to T. pisana from Morocco. Morphology of the jaw and mucous glands also differed between Los Angeles and San Diego populations, but it is unclear if traits are lineage-specific or artifacts of ontogeny. Several pathways of introduction into Southern California are possible for this species, but evidence for intentional vs. accidental introduction of present populations is lacking. Subsequent investigation(s) could use the data generated herein to assess the provenance of T. pisana elsewhere in California and/or worldwide and inform analyses of reproductive biology and systematics in this widespread species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biology and Management of Slug and Snail Pests)
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10 pages, 978 KiB  
Article
Land Snails as a Valuable Source of Fatty Acids: A Multivariate Statistical Approach
by Francesco Giuseppe Galluzzo, Gaetano Cammilleri, Alessandro Ulrici, Rosalba Calvini, Andrea Pulvirenti, Giovanni Lo Cascio, Andrea Macaluso, Antonio Vella, Nicola Cicero, Antonella Amato and Vincenzo Ferrantelli
Foods 2019, 8(12), 676; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8120676 - 12 Dec 2019
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4654
Abstract
The fatty acid (FA) profile of wild Theba pisana, Cornu aspersum, and Eobania vermiculata land snail samples, collected in Sicily (Southern Italy), before and after heat treatment at +100 °C were examined by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The [...] Read more.
The fatty acid (FA) profile of wild Theba pisana, Cornu aspersum, and Eobania vermiculata land snail samples, collected in Sicily (Southern Italy), before and after heat treatment at +100 °C were examined by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The results show a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in all of the examined raw snails samples, representing up to 48.10% of the total fatty acids contents, followed by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). The thermal processing of the snail samples examined determined an overall reduction of PUFA levels (8.13%, 7.75%, and 4.62% for T. pisana, C. aspersum and E. vermiculata samples, respectively) and a species-specific variation of saturated fatty acid (SFA) contents. Oleic acid remained the most abundant FA of all of the snails species examined, accounting for up to 29.95% of the total FA content. A relevant decrease of ɷ3/ɷ6 ratio was found only for T. pisana samples. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed a separation of the snail samples in terms of species and heat treatment. The results of this work suggest land snails as a valuable source of MUFA and PUFA contents and boiling as appropriate treatment, according to the maintenance of healthy properties. Full article
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