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Keywords = SBR latex powder

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17 pages, 10893 KiB  
Article
Dispersion Mechanism of Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Powder Modified by Itaconic Acid and Its Toughening Effect on Oil Well Cement
by Yubing Xing, Miaomiao Hu, Chengzhang Cao, Jiayu Yu, Jiaqi Zhao, Hongbing Zheng and Jintang Guo
Materials 2022, 15(23), 8345; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238345 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2721
Abstract
Styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) has been extensively applied to enhance the toughness of hardened cement. The instability of existing liquid latex leads to difficulties in storage and transportation, and even performance regression. Thus, the well-dispersed carboxylated butylbenzene (SISBR) latex powders were fabricated through the [...] Read more.
Styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) has been extensively applied to enhance the toughness of hardened cement. The instability of existing liquid latex leads to difficulties in storage and transportation, and even performance regression. Thus, the well-dispersed carboxylated butylbenzene (SISBR) latex powders were fabricated through the seed emulsion polymerization of liquid polybutadiene (LPB), styrene (St), itaconic acid (IA), and sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SSS) to overcome the difficulties. The dispersion performance of latex powders with various IA amounts was quantitatively evaluated using particle size distribution, zeta potential, and ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry. Results showed that the carboxylic ionic (COO-) from IA enhanced the dispersing abilities of SISBR latex powders, which ensured the uniform distribution in water. Based on this, the influence of latex powder on cement was assessed mainly by fluidity, isothermal heat flow calorimetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and triaxial mechanical testing. Results showed the fluidity and dispersion performance of cement were improved with more IA in latex, while the hydration of cement was retarded due to excessive adsorption of carboxyl (-COOH) groups in IA. Triaxial mechanical testing showed that cement with SISBR-3 (latex containing 3% IA) exhibited the minimal elastic modulus of 3.16 GPa, which was lower than that of plain cement (8.34 GPa). Full article
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16 pages, 3501 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Properties and Durability of Rubberized and Glass Powder Modified Rubberized Concrete for Whitetopping Structures
by Audrius Grinys, Muthaiah Balamurugan, Algirdas Augonis and Ernestas Ivanauskas
Materials 2021, 14(9), 2321; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14092321 - 29 Apr 2021
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 3316
Abstract
This paper analyzes concrete fine aggregate (sand) modification by scrap tire rubber particles-fine crumb rubber (FCR) and coarse crumb rubber (CCR) of fraction 0/1 mm. Such rubberized concrete to get better bonding properties were modified by car-boxylated styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) latex and [...] Read more.
This paper analyzes concrete fine aggregate (sand) modification by scrap tire rubber particles-fine crumb rubber (FCR) and coarse crumb rubber (CCR) of fraction 0/1 mm. Such rubberized concrete to get better bonding properties were modified by car-boxylated styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) latex and to gain the strength were modified by glass waste. The following tests—slump test, fresh concrete density, fresh concrete air content, compressive strength, flexural strength, fracture energy, freezing-thawing, porosity parameter, and scanning electron microscope—were conducted for rubberized concretes. From experiments, we can see that fresh concrete properties decreased when crumb rubber content has increased. Mostly it is related to crumb rubber (CR) lower specific gravity nature and higher fineness compared with changed fine aggregate-sand. In this research, we obtained a slight loss of compressive strength when CR was used in concrete However, these rubberized concretes with a small amount of rubber provided sufficient compressive strength results (greater than 50 MPa). Due to the pozzolanic reaction, we see that compressive strength results after 56 days in glass powder modified samples increased by 11–13% than 28 days com-pressive strengths, while at the same period control samples increased its compressive strength about 2.5%. Experiments have shown that the flexural strength of rubberized concrete with small amounts of CR increased by 3.4–15.8% compared to control mix, due the fact that rubber is an elastic material and it will absorb high energy and perform positive bending toughness. The test results indicated that CR can intercept the tensile stress in concrete and make the deformation more plastic. Fracturing of such conglomerate concrete is not brittle, there is no abrupt post-peak load drop and gradually continues after the maximum load is exceeded. Such concrete requires much higher fracture energy. It was obtained that FCR particles (lower than A300) will entrap more micropores content than coarse rubbers because due to their high specific area. Freezing-thawing results have confirmed that Kf values can be conveniently used to predict freeze-thaw resistance and durability of concrete. The test has shown that modification of concrete with 10 kg fine rubber waste will lead to similar mechanical and durability properties of concrete as was obtained in control concrete with 2 kg of prefabricated air bubbles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Novel Sustainable Binders, Concretes and Composites)
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15 pages, 3279 KiB  
Article
Performance and Mechanism of Asphalt Modified by Buton-Rock Asphalt and Different Types of Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber
by Fangting Qu, Songtao Lv, Junfeng Gao and Chaochao Liu
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(9), 3077; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10093077 - 28 Apr 2020
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 5050
Abstract
In this paper, two types of Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber (SBR) were adopted to modify the Buton-rock asphalt (BRA) modified asphalt, aiming to select a binder with excellent comprehensive performances. Powder SBR and latex SBR (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%), were mixed with the 15 [...] Read more.
In this paper, two types of Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber (SBR) were adopted to modify the Buton-rock asphalt (BRA) modified asphalt, aiming to select a binder with excellent comprehensive performances. Powder SBR and latex SBR (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%), were mixed with the 15 w% BRA modified asphalt. The characterization of rheological properties included dynamic shear rheometer, rotational viscometer, and bending beam rheometer test. The short-term aging performance was characterized by the ratio of the complex shear modulus from the un-aged and rolling thin film oven (RTFOT) -aged asphalt. Besides, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were conducted to reveal the modification mechanism. It was observed that the two kinds of BRA-SBR modified asphalt had preferable anti-crack capacity at low temperatures than the BRA modified asphalt. Compared with latex SBR, the powder SBR significantly improved the high-temperature performance, and the anti-aging capacity was stable. However, some negative influence occurred by the addition of latex SBR on the anti-rutting and short-term aging property. According to the micro-mechanism analysis, adding powder SBR and latex SBR into BRA modified asphalt was a physical blending process, and they improved the dispersion state of BRA in asphalt. Based on the comprehensive performance, the recommended combination was BRA and powder SBR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Asphalt Materials II)
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