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Keywords = Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis

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18 pages, 457 KiB  
Article
Application of Trichoderma spp. to Control Colletotrichum sp. and Pseudopestalotiopsis spp., Causing Agents of Fruit Rot in Pomelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.)
by Nguyen Quoc Khuong, Le Ba Duy, Vo Minh Thuan, Nguyen Thanh Ngan, Phan Chan Hiep, Le Thanh Quang, Nguyen Duc Trong, Ha Ngoc Thu, Do Thi Xuan, Le Thi My Thu, Tran Trong Khoi Nguyen, Ly Ngoc Thanh Xuan and Ngo Thanh Phong
Appl. Microbiol. 2025, 5(3), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol5030066 - 6 Jul 2025
Viewed by 364
Abstract
Fruit rot seriously damages pomelo production. Given concerns regarding the safety of chemical agents, biological alternatives are becoming more preferable. Therefore, the experiment aimed to (i) identify the pathogens causing pomelo fruit rot disease and (ii) select Trichoderma spp. strains controlling the determined [...] Read more.
Fruit rot seriously damages pomelo production. Given concerns regarding the safety of chemical agents, biological alternatives are becoming more preferable. Therefore, the experiment aimed to (i) identify the pathogens causing pomelo fruit rot disease and (ii) select Trichoderma spp. strains controlling the determined pathogens in Ben Tre, Vietnam. Three pathogenic fungal strains isolated from diseased pomelo fruits were selected. The three pathogenic fungal strains were randomly injected into 9 healthy pomelo fruits. The strain PCP-B02-A2 led to a completely rotten fruit on day 17 after infection, while strains PCP-B02-B2 and PCP-B03-A1 had infected spots whose lengths were 17.5 and 28.1 mm, became larger, and eventually led to the whole fruit rot. The pathogens were identified by the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) technique as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides PCP-B02-A2, Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae sinensis PCP-B03-A1, and P. chinensis PCP-B02-B2. Twenty-five Trichoderma spp. strains were isolated. The ITS technique identified four strains, including Trichoderma asperellum TP-B01, T. harzianum TP-B08, T. harzianum TP-B09, and T. asperellum TP-C25. The PCP-B02-A2 strain had antagonism at 66.7–68.7%, while those of PCP-B02-B2 and PCP-B03-A1 were 64.2–71.1% and 55.7–57.4%, respectively. Full article
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15 pages, 2280 KiB  
Article
Chemical Composition of a Supercritical Fluid (Sfe-CO2) Extract from Baeckea frutescens L. Leaves and Its Bioactivity Against Two Pathogenic Fungi Isolated from the Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)
by Hao Jiang, Mengting Zhang, Li Qin, Dongxu Wang, Feng Yu, Wenhui Liang, Chuankui Song and Daniel Granato
Plants 2020, 9(9), 1119; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091119 - 29 Aug 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4655
Abstract
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis are the two most important tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) pathogenic fungi. Interest in natural plant extracts as alternatives to synthetic chemical fungicides to control plant pathogens is growing. In this study, the volatile fraction of Baeckea [...] Read more.
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis are the two most important tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) pathogenic fungi. Interest in natural plant extracts as alternatives to synthetic chemical fungicides to control plant pathogens is growing. In this study, the volatile fraction of Baeckea frutescens L. was extracted by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE-CO2), and its chemical composition was analyzed, and investigated for its antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides and P. camelliae. The major constituents of the volatile fraction were β-caryophyllene (28.05%), α-caryophyllene (24.02%), δ-cadinene (6.29%) and eucalyptol (5.46%) in B. frutescens SFE-CO2 extracts. The terpineol, linalool, terpinen-4-ol and eucalyptol showed strong contact antifungal activity against P. camelliae and C. gloeosporioides with median inhibitory concentration (MIC50) in the range of 0.69 μL/mL to 2.79 μL/mL and 0.62 μL/mL to 2.18 μL/mL, respectively. Additionally, the volatile fraction had high fumigation antifungal activity against P. camelliae and C. gloeosporioides with an inhibition rate between 20.87% and 92.91%. Terpineol presented the highest antifungal activity in the contact and fumigation toxicity assays. Terpineol, linalool, terpinen-4-ol and eucalyptol were associated with the most active chemical compounds in the volatile fraction against the fungi. The results suggest that B. frutescens SFE-CO2 extracts are potential ingredients to develop a natural fungicide for control of tea plant pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Secondary Metabolites and Eco-friendly Techniques for Agricultural Weed/Pest Management)
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13 pages, 1620 KiB  
Article
Metabolism of Gallic Acid and Its Distributions in Tea (Camellia sinensis) Plants at the Tissue and Subcellular Levels
by Xiaochen Zhou, Lanting Zeng, Yingjuan Chen, Xuewen Wang, Yinyin Liao, Yangyang Xiao, Xiumin Fu and Ziyin Yang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(16), 5684; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165684 - 8 Aug 2020
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 7718
Abstract
In tea (Camellia sinensis) plants, polyphenols are the representative metabolites and play important roles during their growth. Among tea polyphenols, catechins are extensively studied, while very little attention has been paid to other polyphenols such as gallic acid (GA) that occur [...] Read more.
In tea (Camellia sinensis) plants, polyphenols are the representative metabolites and play important roles during their growth. Among tea polyphenols, catechins are extensively studied, while very little attention has been paid to other polyphenols such as gallic acid (GA) that occur in tea leaves with relatively high content. In this study, GA was able to be transformed into methyl gallate (MG), suggesting that GA is not only a precursor of catechins, but also can be transformed into other metabolites in tea plants. GA content in tea leaves was higher than MG content—regardless of the cultivar, plucking month or leaf position. These two metabolites occurred with higher amounts in tender leaves. Using nonaqueous fractionation techniques, it was found that GA and MG were abundantly accumulated in peroxisome. In addition, GA and MG were found to have strong antifungal activity against two main tea plant diseases, Colletotrichum camelliae and Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis. The information will advance our understanding on formation and biologic functions of polyphenols in tea plants and also provide a good reference for studying in vivo occurrence of specialized metabolites in economic plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Plant Secondary Metabolism 2021)
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