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Search Results (5)

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Keywords = Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT)

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16 pages, 5408 KB  
Communication
Fast Wide-Band RCS Analysis of the Coated Target Based on PBR Using EFIE-PMCHWT and the Chebyshev Approximation Technique
by Xing Wang, Fufu Yang, Chunheng Liu, Ying Liu, Haoxuan Gong and Hairong Zhang
Electronics 2023, 12(4), 923; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040923 - 12 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2091
Abstract
The Chebyshev approximation technique (CAT) combined with the MoM based on the electric-field integral equation (EFIE) and the Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) integral equation is proposed to efficiently calculate the wide-band radar cross-section (RCS) based on passive bistatic radars (PBR). The EFIE-PMCHWT equations can be [...] Read more.
The Chebyshev approximation technique (CAT) combined with the MoM based on the electric-field integral equation (EFIE) and the Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) integral equation is proposed to efficiently calculate the wide-band radar cross-section (RCS) based on passive bistatic radars (PBR). The EFIE-PMCHWT equations can be used to analyze the electromagnetic scattering of coated targets. The combination with CAT only requires computing the electric and magnetic currents at a few Chebyshev frequency points, which can be employed to obtain the electric and magnetic currents over the entire frequency band. In this study, the RCS values of a coated target calculated by the hybrid EFIE-PMCHWT-CAT based on passive bistatic radar (PBR) were found to be consistent with that calculated by the MoM based on the EFIE-PMCHWT. The validity of the hybrid method is verified by several numerical examples. Compared with the conventional MoM method, the hybrid method can greatly improve the efficiency for electromagnetic scattering problems over a wide frequency band. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wideband and Multiband Antennas for Wireless Applications)
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16 pages, 10186 KB  
Article
A Study on Characteristic Mode Equations of Radiation Problems Contrasted with Scattering Problems for Dielectric Bodies
by Xingyue Guo, Dehua Kong, Renzun Lian, Yuanan Liu and Mingyao Xia
Electronics 2023, 12(3), 704; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030704 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2049
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the extractions of electromagnetic characteristic modes (CMs) for lossless dielectric bodies, for which spurious modes are prone to generate using the traditional definition of CMs based on the Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) equations. It is found that the impedance matrix [...] Read more.
This paper is concerned with the extractions of electromagnetic characteristic modes (CMs) for lossless dielectric bodies, for which spurious modes are prone to generate using the traditional definition of CMs based on the Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) equations. It is found that the impedance matrix of PMCHWT equations cannot distinguish (i) which domain is the dielectric body and which domain is the background and (ii) from which domain the excitation source was applied. If the system is taken as a scattering problem, the spurious modes are solutions to a reverse media problem, i.e., exchanging the media of the dielectric body and the background space. However, if the system is taken as a radiation problem, no appropriate CMs that meet the specified boundary conditions are obtained. These phenomena indicate that CMs developed from scattering systems are not suitable for radiation systems. To clarify the issue, four cases with reverse media and with excitation sources in either domain are examined. The four cases are distinct in essence, but the PMCHWT equations cannot distinguish them. As a result, definitions of CMs for the four cases should be given along with their specific boundary conditions. Especially, the CMs for the radiation problems we consider here show that the excitation source inside the material object should be properly defined in order to be distinguished from scattering problems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements and Applications of Computational Electromagnetics)
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13 pages, 2179 KB  
Article
PMCHWT Solver Accelerated by Adaptive Cross Approximation for Efficient Computation of Scattering from Metal Nanoparticles
by Zhiwei Liu, Longfeng Xi, Yang Bao and Ziyue Cheng
Micromachines 2022, 13(7), 1086; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13071086 - 8 Jul 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2098
Abstract
An accelerated algorithm that can efficiently calculate the light scattering of a single metal nanoparticle was proposed. According to the equivalent principle, the method of moment (MoM) transforms the Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) integral equations into linear algebraic equations, which are solved by the flexible [...] Read more.
An accelerated algorithm that can efficiently calculate the light scattering of a single metal nanoparticle was proposed. According to the equivalent principle, the method of moment (MoM) transforms the Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) integral equations into linear algebraic equations, which are solved by the flexible generalized minimal residual solver (FGMRES). Each element of near field MoM impedance matrix was described by Rao–Wilton–Glisson (RWG) basis functions and calculated by double surface integrals. Due to the low-rank property, the adaptive cross approximation (ACA) algorithm based on the octree data structure was applied to compress the MoM impedance matrix of far field action leading to the significant reduction of solution time and memory. Numerical results demonstrated that the proposed method is both accurate and efficient. Compared with the traditional MoM, the ACA algorithm can significantly reduce the impedance matrix filling time and accelerate the scattering field’s computation from actual metal nanoparticles using PMCHWT integral equations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics in Micro/Nano Devices: From Fundamental to Application)
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8 pages, 618 KB  
Communication
RCS Estimation of Singly Curved Dielectric Shell Structure with PMCHWT Method and Experimental Verification
by Hyeong-Rae Im, Woobin Kim, Yeong-Hoon Noh, Ic-Pyo Hong and Jong-Gwan Yook
Sensors 2022, 22(3), 734; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22030734 - 19 Jan 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2250
Abstract
In this paper, a numerical algorithm for the electromagnetic scattering analysis of singly curved dielectric structures, which can be applied to a canopy of fighter aircraft, is presented with experimental verification. At first, the Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) method is used as a MoM-based solution [...] Read more.
In this paper, a numerical algorithm for the electromagnetic scattering analysis of singly curved dielectric structures, which can be applied to a canopy of fighter aircraft, is presented with experimental verification. At first, the Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) method is used as a MoM-based solution for the electromagnetic scattering of a dielectric material. Its formulation was generated with the EFIE formulation in a multi-region condition. The PMCHWT algorithm is implemented with C++ code, and the accuracy is verified by calculating the bistatic RCS of some canonical structures with conductive or dielectric materials. RCS measurement under quasi-anechoic condition is presented with its procedure and calibration method. The monostatic RCS results of a specially modeled singly curved dielectric structures are obtained analytically with the PMCHWT, as well as experimentally, revealing excellent agreement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Electronic Sensors)
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15 pages, 630 KB  
Article
Electromagnetic Field Analysis of an Electric Dipole Antenna Based on a Surface Integral Equation in Multilayered Dissipative Media
by Yidong Xu, Wei Xue, Yingsong Li, Lili Guo and Wenjing Shang
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(8), 774; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7080774 - 30 Jul 2017
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5261
Abstract
In this paper, a novel method based on the Poggio–Miller–Chang-Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) integral equation is presented to study the electromagnetic fields excited by vertical or horizontal electric dipoles in the presence of a layered region which consists of K-layered dissipative media and the [...] Read more.
In this paper, a novel method based on the Poggio–Miller–Chang-Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) integral equation is presented to study the electromagnetic fields excited by vertical or horizontal electric dipoles in the presence of a layered region which consists of K-layered dissipative media and the air above. To transform the continuous integral equation into a block tridiagonal matrix with the feature of convenient solution, the Rao–Wilton–Glisson (RWG) functions are introduced as expansion and testing functions. The electromagnetic fields excited by an electric dipole are calculated and compared with the available results, where the electric dipole antenna is buried in the non-planar air–sea–seabed, air–rock–earth–mine, and multilayered sphere structures. The analysis and computations demonstrate that the method exhibits high accuracy and solving performance in the near field propagation region. Full article
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