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Keywords = Kerria

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20 pages, 4896 KB  
Article
Multi-Criteria Plant Clustering for Carbon-Centric Urban Forestry: Enhancing Sequestration Potential Through Adaptive Species Selection in the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area, China
by Qiutan Ren, Lingling Zhang, Zhilan Yang, Mengting Zhang, Mengqi Wei, Honglin Zhang, Ang Li, Rong Shi, Peihao Song and Shidong Ge
Forests 2025, 16(3), 536; https://doi.org/10.3390/f16030536 - 19 Mar 2025
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1586
Abstract
As global climate change and urban issues worsen, increasing carbon offsets is crucial, with urban plants playing a key role. However, research on assessing plant carbon sequestration (CSE) capacity at the regional scale, selecting urban plants, and optimizing CSE capacity-based scenarios is still [...] Read more.
As global climate change and urban issues worsen, increasing carbon offsets is crucial, with urban plants playing a key role. However, research on assessing plant carbon sequestration (CSE) capacity at the regional scale, selecting urban plants, and optimizing CSE capacity-based scenarios is still limited. A total of 272 plant species were surveyed in the nine cities of the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area (ZMA). The i-Tree and biomass models estimated the average carbon storage (CS) density at 9.32 kg C m−2 and the CSE density at 0.55 kg C y−2 m−2 in the ZMA. The highest CS density (13.58 kg C m−2) was observed in Pingdingshan, while the lowest CSE density (0.36 kg C y−1 m−2) was observed in Xuchang. Hierarchical and cluster analyses identified plant species with balanced CSE capacity, adaptability, and ornamental value, such as Populus tomentosa Carr. and Salix babylonica L., as well as shrubs like Abelia biflora Turcz and Kerria japonica (L.) DC. Vegetation regeneration modeling indicated that CS could increase by 37%–41% along roads, 28%–43% in amenity areas, and 17%–30% near waterfronts over the next 50 years. These findings serve as a reference for urban regeneration and planning aimed at enhancing the carbon reduction potential of urban green spaces (UGS). Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Urban Forestry)
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20 pages, 8783 KB  
Article
CIC-DUX4 Chromatin Profiling Reveals New Epigenetic Dependencies and Actionable Therapeutic Targets in CIC-Rearranged Sarcomas
by Arnaud Bakaric, Luisa Cironi, Viviane Praz, Rajendran Sanalkumar, Liliane C. Broye, Kerria Favre-Bulle, Igor Letovanec, Antonia Digklia, Raffaele Renella, Ivan Stamenkovic, Christopher J. Ott, Takuro Nakamura, Cristina R. Antonescu, Miguel N. Rivera and Nicolò Riggi
Cancers 2024, 16(2), 457; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16020457 - 21 Jan 2024
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 5309
Abstract
CIC-DUX4-rearranged sarcoma (CDS) is a rare and aggressive soft tissue tumor that occurs most frequently in young adults. The key oncogenic driver of this disease is the expression of the CIC-DUX4 fusion protein as a result of chromosomal rearrangements. CIC-DUX4 displays chromatin binding [...] Read more.
CIC-DUX4-rearranged sarcoma (CDS) is a rare and aggressive soft tissue tumor that occurs most frequently in young adults. The key oncogenic driver of this disease is the expression of the CIC-DUX4 fusion protein as a result of chromosomal rearrangements. CIC-DUX4 displays chromatin binding properties, and is therefore believed to function as an aberrant transcription factor. However, the chromatin remodeling events induced by CIC-DUX4 are not well understood, limiting our ability to identify new mechanism-based therapeutic strategies for these patients. Here, we generated a genome-wide profile of CIC-DUX4 DNA occupancy and associated chromatin states in human CDS cell models and primary tumors. Combining chromatin profiling, proximity ligation assays, as well as genetic and pharmacological perturbations, we show that CIC-DUX4 operates as a potent transcriptional activator at its binding sites. This property is in contrast with the repressive function of the wild-type CIC protein, and is mainly mediated through the direct interaction of CIC-DUX4 with the acetyltransferase p300. In keeping with this, we show p300 to be essential for CDS tumor cell proliferation; additionally, we find its pharmacological inhibition to significantly impact tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our study elucidates the mechanisms underpinning CIC-DUX4-mediated transcriptional regulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Signal-Processing in Tumor)
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14 pages, 3539 KB  
Review
Unraveling the Role of Lac Insects in Providing Natural Industrial Products
by Nawaz Haider Bashir, Huanhuan Chen, Shahzad Munir, Weiwei Wang, Hang Chen, Yong-Kang Sima and Jiandong An
Insects 2022, 13(12), 1117; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13121117 - 5 Dec 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 15387
Abstract
In the current era, products made from organic materials enjoy a privileged position because of their inherent safety. The eco-friendly properties of natural lac resins have increased their demand in many industries. It is secreted by sucking insects (Hemiptera, Kerriidae) and comprises three [...] Read more.
In the current era, products made from organic materials enjoy a privileged position because of their inherent safety. The eco-friendly properties of natural lac resins have increased their demand in many industries. It is secreted by sucking insects (Hemiptera, Kerriidae) and comprises three major components, viz., resin, dye, and wax. Lac insects are generally bivoltine in nature and are distributed in tropical and sub-tropical regions with complex multi-trophic habitats. Because of their sedentary habits, lac insects are more vulnerable to predators, parasitoids, squirrels, and rats, leading to a more than 50% reduction in production yield. To increase lac production, advanced-level molecular research is required to figure out the mechanism behind lac synthesis and secretion to improve lac yield and quality. The present review highlights metamorphosis, sexual dimorphism, multi-trophic habitat, host plants, and natural enemies of lac insects, lac composition, and applications, emphasizing the role of microbes, potential lac genes, and lac synthesis mechanisms in enhancing lac quality and production. The information provided here might be useful for lac researchers and for stakeholders aiming to make their products more eco-friendly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insects and Art)
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12 pages, 2089 KB  
Article
Characterization of Potential Molecular Markers in Lac Insect Kerria lacca (Kerr) Responsible for Lac Production
by Nawaz Haider Bashir, Weiwei Wang, Xiaofei Ling, Jinwen Zhang, Qin Lu, Rui He and Hang Chen
Insects 2022, 13(6), 545; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13060545 - 14 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4620
Abstract
Kerria lacca (Kerr) is an important lac insect extensively used in industrial products in the form of resin, wax and dye. The scarce knowledge on molecular markers for K. lacca is a barrier in elucidating genetic information. Our study identified a total of [...] Read more.
Kerria lacca (Kerr) is an important lac insect extensively used in industrial products in the form of resin, wax and dye. The scarce knowledge on molecular markers for K. lacca is a barrier in elucidating genetic information. Our study identified a total of 16,921 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and 6231 insertions and deletions (InDels)—of which, intergenic variation accounted for 41.22% and 56.30%, and exonic variation accounted for 39.10% and 17.46%, of SNPs and InDels, respectively. Observation of SNPs suggested that nucleotide substitution frequency and transition to transversion (Ts/Tv) ratio were highest at the late adult stage, 3.97, compared to at the other stages, with a genome-wide Ts/Tv ratio of 2.95. The maximum number of SNPs, 2853 (16.86%), was identified in chromosome 8, while the lowest, 1126 (6.65%), was identified in chromosome 7. The maximum and minimum numbers of InDels were located on chromosome 1 and 7, with 834 (13.38%) and 519 (8.33%), respectively. Annotation showed that highest numbers of exonic and intergenic SNPs were present at the late adult stage, whereas the maximum number of InDels was found at the larval stage. On the basis of gene function, 47 gene variations were screened and 23 candidate genes were identified in associations with lac production. Concluding work will enhance knowledge on molecular markers to facilitate an increase in lac production in K. lacca as well as other lac insects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insects and Art)
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12 pages, 1318 KB  
Article
Potential Pathways and Genes Involved in Lac Synthesis and Secretion in Kerria chinensis (Hemiptera: Kerriidae) Based on Transcriptomic Analyses
by Weiwei Wang, Pengfei Liu, Qin Lu, Xiaofei Ling, Jinwen Zhang, Ming-Shun Chen, Hang Chen and Xiaoming Chen
Insects 2019, 10(12), 430; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10120430 - 28 Nov 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4207
Abstract
Lac is a type of natural resin secreted by lac insects and is widely used in the military and other industries because of its excellent adhesion and insulation properties. The main ingredients of lac are lactones and lactides, which are formed from hydroxy [...] Read more.
Lac is a type of natural resin secreted by lac insects and is widely used in the military and other industries because of its excellent adhesion and insulation properties. The main ingredients of lac are lactones and lactides, which are formed from hydroxy fatty acids and sesquiterpene esters. In this study, we measured lac secretion rates by the insect Kerria chinensis at different developmental stages and identified lac secretion-minimum and lac secretion-active stages of the insect. We then analyzed transcriptomes of lac secretion-minimum and lac secretion-active stages of the insect. Based on expression profiles of genes in different stages of the insect, we identified pathways and genes that are potentially involved in lac synthesis and secretion in K. chinensis. Our study lays a foundation for future studies to reveal the molecular mechanisms and pathways of lac synthesis and secretion in this beneficial insect. Full article
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