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Keywords = Kaustinen

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5 pages, 234 KB  
Proceeding Paper
Preliminary Assessment of Social License to Operate (SLO) and Corporate Communication in Four European Lithium Projects
by Toni Eerola and Konstantinos Komnitsas
Mater. Proc. 2023, 15(1), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2023015035 - 6 Nov 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3658
Abstract
Lithium, that is now exclusively produced outside the European Union (EU), is needed urgently for the green energy transition. The EU has promising lithium projects; however, the social license to operate (SLO) is important for their long-term viability. In this paper, four lithium [...] Read more.
Lithium, that is now exclusively produced outside the European Union (EU), is needed urgently for the green energy transition. The EU has promising lithium projects; however, the social license to operate (SLO) is important for their long-term viability. In this paper, four lithium projects are preliminary assessed using data from the literature and media regarding their SLO. The projects that aim for hard rock lithium production are (i) the Rapasaari project owned by Sibanye-Stillwater Keliber Oy in Kaustinen, western Finland, (ii) the Mina do Barroso project, owned by Savannah Resources, in northern Portugal, (iii) the St. Austell project, owned by Cornish Lithium plc, in Cornwall, UK, and (iv) the Emili project, owned by Imerys, in Beauvoir (Allier) in western France. The respective corporate websites were searched, regarding their languages while the companies’ SLO approaches and strategies were also analyzed. Full article
32 pages, 6905 KB  
Article
The Optical and Spectroscopic Properties of Fuchsite, Spodumene, and Lepidolite from Northern Scandinavia (Kautokeino, Kaustinen, Kolmozero)
by Miłosz Huber, Daniel M. Kamiński and Urszula Maciołek
Materials 2023, 16(14), 4894; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16144894 - 8 Jul 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3462
Abstract
Li-Ce-Ta (LCT) pegmatites containing lithium mineralization in the form of spodumene and lepidolite, as well as fuchsite, from the regions of northern Scandinavia (N Norway, N Finland, N Russia) were studied. Detailed analyses of the chemical compositions of these minerals were carried out, [...] Read more.
Li-Ce-Ta (LCT) pegmatites containing lithium mineralization in the form of spodumene and lepidolite, as well as fuchsite, from the regions of northern Scandinavia (N Norway, N Finland, N Russia) were studied. Detailed analyses of the chemical compositions of these minerals were carried out, involving scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (ATR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies. Their crystal structures were confirmed with the X-ray diffraction technique. Studies involving microscopy were also carried out, indicating the optical features of these minerals. Based on the analyses carried out in the studied rocks, the characteristics of these minerals were determined, as well as the crystallization conditions. This research indicates that the N Scandinavian area is prospective and may lead to further discoveries of this type of pegmatite in the studied region. Full article
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14 pages, 8080 KB  
Article
Columbite–Tantalite from Northern Scandinavia (Kaustinen, Kolmozero) Pegmatites: An Optical and Spectroscopic Properties
by Miłosz Huber, Daniel Kamiński and Urszula Maciołek
Crystals 2023, 13(4), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13040612 - 3 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3620
Abstract
LCT (lithium–cesium–tantalum) pegmatites from the Kaustinen and Kolmozero regions contain columbite–tantalite mineralization, which has been presented in this study. Crystal structure, Raman microscopy, and optical property analyses of these minerals were performed. As a result of the structural studies and micro-area analyses, it [...] Read more.
LCT (lithium–cesium–tantalum) pegmatites from the Kaustinen and Kolmozero regions contain columbite–tantalite mineralization, which has been presented in this study. Crystal structure, Raman microscopy, and optical property analyses of these minerals were performed. As a result of the structural studies and micro-area analyses, it was determined that these minerals in the pegmatites in question constitute a solid solution with numerous Mn-Fe and Nb-Ta substitutions within a single crystal. The ratio between Mn-Fe and Nb-Ta can change from crystal to crystal, which makes it impossible to find precise stechiometry between these ions. The crystallization conditions of these minerals were also determined by studying the associations of other rock-forming minerals and accessory minerals in the discussed rocks. Full article
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