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Keywords = IC 443

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14 pages, 4929 KB  
Article
Cosmic-Ray Acceleration in Supernova Remnants
by Vera G. Sinitsyna and Vera Y. Sinitsyna
Universe 2023, 9(2), 98; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9020098 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3548
Abstract
Supernova Remnants (SNRs) are generally believed to produce the cosmic rays in our Galaxy due to the powerful supernova blast waves generated by expanding SNRs. In contrast to the leptonic cosmic-ray component that is clearly seen by the SNR emission in a wide [...] Read more.
Supernova Remnants (SNRs) are generally believed to produce the cosmic rays in our Galaxy due to the powerful supernova blast waves generated by expanding SNRs. In contrast to the leptonic cosmic-ray component that is clearly seen by the SNR emission in a wide wavelength range, from radio to high-energy γ-ray, the hadronic cosmic-ray component can be detected only by very high energy γ-ray emission. Galactic SNRs of various ages have been intensively studied at very high energies. Among them are the shell-type SNRs: Tycho’s SNR, Cas A, IC 443, γCygni SNR, G166.0+4.3. The results of investigations of listed SNRs obtained in observations at 800 GeV–100 TeV energies by SHALON telescope are presented with spectral energy distribution and emission maps compared with experimental data from the wide energy range, from radio to high-energy gamma-rays. The TeV emission maps of supernova remnants obtained by SHALON are overlaid with ones viewed in radio- frequencies and X-rays to reveal SNR’s essential features which can lead to the effective generation of cosmic rays. The presented experimental data from high and very high energies are considered together with theoretical predictions to test the cosmic ray origin in these objects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Elementary Particles in Astrophysics and Cosmology)
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15 pages, 3595 KB  
Article
Beneficial Health Potential of Algerian Polysaccharides Extracted from Plantago ciliata Desf. (Septentrional Sahara) Leaves and Seeds
by Noura Addoun, Zakaria Boual, Cédric Delattre, Toufik Chouana, Christine Gardarin, Pascal Dubessay, Fatima Benaoun, Seddik Addaoud, Mohamed Didi Ould El Hadj, Philippe Michaud and Guillaume Pierre
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(9), 4299; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11094299 - 10 May 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4018
Abstract
Today, an ethnobotanical approach makes sense for identifying new active bioactive chemicals from uses of indigenous plants. Two water-soluble enriched polysaccharide fractions (L-PSPN and S-PSPN) were extracted by hot water extraction from the leaves and seeds of Plantago ciliata Desf. (1798), a Mzab [...] Read more.
Today, an ethnobotanical approach makes sense for identifying new active bioactive chemicals from uses of indigenous plants. Two water-soluble enriched polysaccharide fractions (L-PSPN and S-PSPN) were extracted by hot water extraction from the leaves and seeds of Plantago ciliata Desf. (1798), a Mzab indigenous herb currently used in Algeria by traditional healers. Primary investigation was performed for describing the main structural features of these polysaccharides (pectin- and heteroxylan-like compositions) by using colorimetric assays, FTIR spectroscopy, HPAEC/PAD and GC/MS-EI analyses. Some biological activities were also monitored, such as anticomplement, anti-inflammatory (phagocytic ability, NOX2 and MPO inhibitions) and anti-diabetic (α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitions). L-PSPC seems able to moderately modulate innate immune system (IC50 around 100 µg/mL) and contribute to wound-healing processes (IC50 close to 217 vs. 443 µg/mL for sodium heparin). S-PSPC shows some potential as an anti-hyperglycemic (IC50 around 4.7 mg/mL) and anti-inflammatory (IC50 ranging from 111 to 203 µg/mL) agent, as well as other (fiber) psyllium-like polysaccharides extracted from Plantago species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering)
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