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Keywords = Crab-eating fox

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11 pages, 1716 KiB  
Brief Report
Concurrent Circulation of Canine Distemper Virus (South America-4 Lineage) at the Wild–Domestic Canid Interface in Aburrá Valley, Colombia
by Carolina Rios-Usuga, Melissa C. Ortiz-Pineda, Sergio Daniel Aguirre-Catolico, Víctor H. Quiroz and Julian Ruiz-Saenz
Viruses 2025, 17(5), 649; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17050649 - 29 Apr 2025
Viewed by 676
Abstract
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is the causative agent of a widespread infectious disease affecting both domestic and wild carnivores. Owing to its ability to cross species barriers and its high fatality rate in unvaccinated animals, CDV poses a significant conservation threat to endangered [...] Read more.
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is the causative agent of a widespread infectious disease affecting both domestic and wild carnivores. Owing to its ability to cross species barriers and its high fatality rate in unvaccinated animals, CDV poses a significant conservation threat to endangered wildlife worldwide. To date, two distinct CDV lineages have been reported in Colombia, with cases documented separately in domestic dogs and wild peri-urban carnivores. This study aimed to detect and characterize the concurrent circulation of CDV in naturally infected domestic dogs and crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) from the same area in Colombia. Through molecular and phylogenetic analyses, we identified the South America/North America-4 lineage infecting both populations simultaneously. Our findings revealed high genetic variability, multiple virus reintroductions, and a close relationship with CDV strains previously detected in the United States. These results confirm the simultaneous circulation of CDV in the domestic and wildlife interface and underscore the urgent need for an integrated approach to CDV prevention and control involving both domestic and wildlife health interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Canine Distemper Virus)
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11 pages, 1290 KiB  
Communication
The First Report and Phylogenetic Analysis of Canine Distemper Virus in Cerdocyon thous from Colombia
by Diego Fernando Echeverry-Bonilla, Edwin Fernando Buriticá-Gaviria, Delio Orjuela-Acosta, Danny Jaír Chinchilla-Cardenas and Julian Ruiz-Saenz
Viruses 2022, 14(9), 1947; https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091947 - 1 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3502
Abstract
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is the etiological agent of a highly prevalent viral infectious disease of domestic and wild carnivores. This virus poses a conservation threat to endangered species worldwide due to its ability to jump between multiple species and produce a disease, [...] Read more.
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is the etiological agent of a highly prevalent viral infectious disease of domestic and wild carnivores. This virus poses a conservation threat to endangered species worldwide due to its ability to jump between multiple species and produce a disease, which is most often fatal. Although CDV infection has been regularly diagnosed in Colombian wildlife, to date the molecular identity of circulating CDV lineages is currently unknown. Our aim was to evaluate the presence and phylogenetic characterization of CDV detected in samples from naturally infected Cerdocyon thous from Colombia. We sequenced for the first time the CDV infecting wildlife in Colombia and demonstrated the presence of South America/North America-4 Lineage with a higher relationship to sequences previously reported from domestic and wild fauna belonging to the United States of America. Our results are crucial for the understanding of the interspecies transmission of CDV in the domestic/wild interface and for the prevention and control of such an important multi-host pathogen. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viruses of Wildlife: Impact on Human and Animal Health)
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21 pages, 3342 KiB  
Article
A Novel Terrestrial Rabies Virus Lineage Occurring in South America: Origin, Diversification, and Evidence of Contact between Wild and Domestic Cycles
by Diego A. Caraballo, Cristina Lema, Laura Novaro, Federico Gury-Dohmen, Susana Russo, Fernando J. Beltrán, Gustavo Palacios and Daniel M. Cisterna
Viruses 2021, 13(12), 2484; https://doi.org/10.3390/v13122484 - 11 Dec 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4569
Abstract
The rabies virus (RABV) is characterized by a history dominated by host shifts within and among bats and carnivores. One of the main outcomes of long-term RABV maintenance in dogs was the establishment of variants in a wide variety of mesocarnivores. In this [...] Read more.
The rabies virus (RABV) is characterized by a history dominated by host shifts within and among bats and carnivores. One of the main outcomes of long-term RABV maintenance in dogs was the establishment of variants in a wide variety of mesocarnivores. In this study, we present the most comprehensive phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis, contributing to a better understanding of the origins, diversification, and the role of different host species in the evolution and diffusion of a dog-related variant endemic of South America. A total of 237 complete Nucleoprotein gene sequences were studied, corresponding to wild and domestic species, performing selection analyses, ancestral states reconstructions, and recombination analyses. This variant originated in Brazil and disseminated through Argentina and Paraguay, where a previously unknown lineage was found. A single host shift was identified in the phylogeny, from dog to the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) in the Northeast of Brazil. Although this process occurred in a background of purifying selection, there is evidence of adaptive evolution -or selection of sub-consensus sequences- in internal branches after the host shift. The interaction of domestic and wild cycles persisted after host switching, as revealed by spillover and putative recombination events. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Cross-Species Transmission)
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