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Keywords = marine natural product
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16 pages, 3279 KB  
Article
Influence of Organic Matter/Bacteria on the Formation and Transformation of Sulfate Green Rust
by Julien Duboscq, Julia Vincent, Marc Jeannin, René Sabot, Isabelle Lanneluc, Sophie Sablé and Philippe Refait
Corros. Mater. Degrad. 2022, 3(1), 1-16; https://doi.org/10.3390/cmd3010001 - 30 Dec 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3333
Abstract
The corrosion processes of carbon steel immersed in natural seawater are influenced by microorganisms due to important biological activity. An analysis of the corrosion product layers formed on carbon steel coupons in natural or artificial seawater revealed that sulfate green rust GR(SO4 [...] Read more.
The corrosion processes of carbon steel immersed in natural seawater are influenced by microorganisms due to important biological activity. An analysis of the corrosion product layers formed on carbon steel coupons in natural or artificial seawater revealed that sulfate green rust GR(SO42−) was favored in natural environments. In this paper, the role of organic matter/bacteria on the formation and transformation of this compound are addressed. GR(SO42−) was precipitated from Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts in the presence of various marine bacterial species not involved in the redox cycle of Fe or S. Abiotic experiments were performed for comparison, first without any organic species and then with sodium acetate added as a small organic ion. The obtained aqueous suspensions were aged at room temperature for 1 week. The number of bacteria (CFU/mL) was followed over time and the solid phases were characterized by XRD. Whatever the fate of the bacteria (no activity, or activity and growth), the formation of GR(SO42−) was favored and its transformation to magnetite completely inhibited. This effect is attributed to the adsorption of organic molecules on the lateral sides of the GR(SO42−) crystals. A similar effect, though less important, was observed with acetate. Full article
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18 pages, 277 KB  
Review
Plastic Degradation and Its Environmental Implications with Special Reference to Poly(ethylene terephthalate)
by Hayden K. Webb, Jaimys Arnott, Russell J. Crawford and Elena P. Ivanova
Polymers 2013, 5(1), 1-18; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym5010001 - 28 Dec 2012
Cited by 790 | Viewed by 127444
Abstract
With increasing global consumption and their natural resistance to degradation, plastic materials and their accumulation in the environment is of increasing concern. This review aims to present a general overview of the current state of knowledge in areas that relate to biodegradation of [...] Read more.
With increasing global consumption and their natural resistance to degradation, plastic materials and their accumulation in the environment is of increasing concern. This review aims to present a general overview of the current state of knowledge in areas that relate to biodegradation of polymers, especially poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). This includes an outline of the problems associated with plastic pollution in the marine environment, a description of the properties, commercial manufacturing and degradability of PET, an overview of the potential for biodegradation of conventional polymers and biodegradable polymers already in production. Full article
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19 pages, 658 KB  
Article
Sarcophine-Diol, a Skin Cancer Chemopreventive Agent, Inhibits Proliferation and Stimulates Apoptosis in Mouse Melanoma B16F10 Cell Line
by Pawel T. Szymanski, Bhimanna Kuppast, Safwat A. Ahmed, Sherief Khalifa and Hesham Fahmy
Mar. Drugs 2012, 10(1), 1-19; https://doi.org/10.3390/md10010001 - 22 Dec 2011
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 8471
Abstract
Sarcodiol (SD) is a semi-synthetic derivative of sarcophine, a marine natural product. In our previous work, we reported the significant chemopreventive effects of SD against non-melanoma skin cancer both in vitro and in vivo mouse models. In this investigation, we extended this work [...] Read more.
Sarcodiol (SD) is a semi-synthetic derivative of sarcophine, a marine natural product. In our previous work, we reported the significant chemopreventive effects of SD against non-melanoma skin cancer both in vitro and in vivo mouse models. In this investigation, we extended this work to study the effect of sarcodiol on melanoma development, the more deadly form of skin cancer, using the mouse melanoma B16F10 cell line. In this study we report that SD inhibits the de novo DNA synthesis and enhances fragmentation of DNA. We also evaluated the antitumor effect of SD on melanoma cell viability using several biomarkers for cell proliferation and apoptosis. SD inhibits the expression levels of signal transducers and activators of transcription protein (STAT-3) and cyclin D1, an activator of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4). SD treatment also enhances cellular level of tumor suppressor protein 53 (p53) and stimulates cleavage of the nuclear poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (cleaved-PARP). SD also enhances cellular levels of cleaved Caspase-3, -8, -9 and stimulates enzymatic activities of Caspase-3, -8 and -9. These results, in addition to inhibition of cell viability, suggest that SD inhibits melanoma cell proliferation by arresting the cell-division cycle in a Go quiescent phase and activates programmed cell death (apoptosis) via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Finally, these studies demonstrate that SD shows a very promising chemopreventive effect in melanoma B16F10 tumor cells. Full article
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23 pages, 401 KB  
Article
Iron Complexation to Oxygen Rich Marine Natural Products: A Computational Study
by Thomas J. Manning, Jimmy Williams, Joey Jarrard and Teresa Gorman
Mar. Drugs 2010, 8(1), 1-23; https://doi.org/10.3390/md8010001 - 4 Jan 2010
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 12442
Abstract
The natural products kahalalide F, halichondrin B, and discodermolide are relatively large structures that were originally harvested from marine organisms. They are oxygen rich structures that, to varying degrees, should have the ability to bind iron (II or III) by Fe-O and/or Fe-N [...] Read more.
The natural products kahalalide F, halichondrin B, and discodermolide are relatively large structures that were originally harvested from marine organisms. They are oxygen rich structures that, to varying degrees, should have the ability to bind iron (II or III) by Fe-O and/or Fe-N bonds. In this semi empirical study, the binding of these natural products to iron (II) is studied and the aqueous stability factor (ASF) is used to determine which bonding configuration is most stable. The energy, the complex charge (+1), the average Fe-O (or Fe-N) bond distances and the dipole moments are used to calculate the ASF. The ASF provides insight to which complex will be the most stable and water soluble, important for a medicinal application. The ability of a molecule with a more than six oxygen and/or nitrogen atoms to bind iron (hexavalent, octahedral) by shifting which six atoms (O/N) are bound to the iron qualifies it as a polarity adaptive molecule. Full article
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7 pages, 184 KB  
Article
Short Total Synthesis of the Marine Alkaloid Subarine
by Matthias LOTTER and Franz BRACHER
Sci. Pharm. 2009, 77(1), 1-8; https://doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.0901-14 - 5 Feb 2009
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 1838
Abstract
The marine benzo[c][2,7]naphthyridine alkaloid subarine is prepared in 4 steps, starting from commercially available 1,10-phenanthroline, via oxidative cleavage to the bipyridine-dicarboxylate, conversion to the mono(2-iodoanilide), and radical cyclization. The alkaloid does not show any significant antimicrobial or cytotoxic activity. Full article
6 pages, 30 KB  
Article
Natural Products from Three Nudibranchs: Nembrotha kubaryana, Hypselodoris infucata and Chromodoris petechialis
by Peter Karuso and Paul J. Scheuer
Molecules 2002, 7(1), 1-6; https://doi.org/10.3390/70100001-rev - 31 Jan 2002
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 11111 | Correction
Abstract
Nudibranchs are shell-less molluscs that are often brightly colored and seemingly defenseless against predation. However, these beautiful animals usually contain large amounts of diet-derived natural products that help defend them against predation. We have isolated a blue tetrapyrrole from Nembrotha kubaryana, the [...] Read more.
Nudibranchs are shell-less molluscs that are often brightly colored and seemingly defenseless against predation. However, these beautiful animals usually contain large amounts of diet-derived natural products that help defend them against predation. We have isolated a blue tetrapyrrole from Nembrotha kubaryana, the known nakafuran-8 and -9 from Hypselodoris infucata and spongiane-16-one from Chromodoris petechialis. These compounds have previously been found in other marine organisms, thus supporting a link between diet and natural products in the nudibranchs. Full article
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