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Quaternary carbon-budget reconstructions combine gas observations with groundwater chemistry and dated carbonate deposits, which record different compartments and timescales. We examine the equilibrium partitioning step underlying such interpretation...
The Stone Age marked the extensive use of rocks for tool-making, with flint as the primary material. However, prehistoric communities, ranging from the Early Lower Paleolithic to the Holocene, also utilized other stones like quartz due to their avail...
Channel erosion and sediment entrainment amplify rainstorm-triggered debris flows, but their interaction with topographic constraints remains poorly quantified. To reveal the controlling mechanism of erosion amplification on the disaster-forming proc...
We investigated the lithology and tephra of the 87-metre-long drill core (WD1) from the Walsdorfer maar (Eifel, Germany) in order to reconstruct the sequence of volcanic activity and its integration into palaeoclimatic developments between Marine Iso...
The Jiali Fault Zone is one of the key active tectonic structures along the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and has been widely regarded as the southern boundary structure accommodating the lateral extrusion and eastward escape of the Qian...
Contourite activity in the Gulf of Cadiz (GoC) is dominated by the precession-driven, ~20 ka cyclicity of the Mediterranean circulation and Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW). Grain size distributions in contourites are strongly influenced by bottom c...
The identification and interpretation of bone surface modifications (BSM) are central to reconstructing early hominin behavior, yet recent shifts by some researchers toward metric quantification face significant epistemological and statistical challe...
In AD 1076, a super tsunami hit the South China Sea islands and the coasts of Guangdong and Vietnam. However, the impact on Hainan Island, situated farther from the tsunami source, remains unclear. Tsunami modeling indicates that seismic tsunamis fro...
The Chenghai Fault Zone is a major active intrablock structure within the Sichuan–Yunnan Block at the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and exhibits pronounced along-strike kinematic segmentation. However, the Quaternary left-lateral s...
The evolution of multidecadal climate variability in the Asian monsoon region across cold-to-warm transitions over the past two millennia remains poorly constrained. Here, we present high-resolution multi-proxy records (δ13C, δ18O, Mg/Ca,...
The Younger Dryas (YD) terminated the last glaciation and initiated the Holocene, which was accompanied by widespread glacial advances. Traditional scaling models, production rates, and outlier screening approaches for 10Be exposure dating often yiel...
Quartz purity is essential for reliable optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, yet the mineralogical evolution of sediment samples during extraction is rarely documented at each preparation stage. This study uses scanning electron microscopy...
Seafloor undulations are common on continental shelves and slopes, but their origin is often difficult to determine because similar ridge-and-trough morphologies may originate from depositional processes, post-depositional deformation, or a combinati...
Western Siberia is one of the largest high-latitude lowland peatland regions on Earth and stores vast amounts of organic carbon in landscapes where vegetation, hydrology and fire are strongly regulated by permafrost. However, the long-term interactio...
This paper presents a comprehensive assessment of megafauna confrontation using pikes, as recorded in historical accounts and ethnographic studies depicting techniques of hunter-gatherers, pastoralists, colonial hunters and others. In contrast to the...
This study investigates intraspecific morphometric variability in the archaeozoological assemblages from the multi-period site of Șoimuș-Teleghi (Hunedoara County, Romania), encompassing occupation phases from the Early Neolithic (Starč...
Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) is a paleoecologically relevant species in the Northern Hemisphere since the early Holocene. P. abies populations are sensitive to climate fluctuations; Asian treeline species are under nature protection. The t...
Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analysis of bone collagen has become a cornerstone method for reconstructing the diets of past populations. This critical review moves beyond the mere presentation of data to examine the th...
Fluvial superfloods are geomorphologically significant episodes due to their enormous energy and extremely low recurrence in the geological record. Their rarity is particularly notable in areas far from the major continental glacial masses. Hydraulic...
This study investigates the spatial variability of benthic foraminiferal assemblages across the shoreface–inner shelf transition of the Porto Pino coastal system (SW Sardinia, western Mediterranean). Porto Pino is a microtidal, wave-dominated e...
The Macaronesian archipelagos host exceptionally well-preserved coastal sedimentary deposits formed during the warmest period of the Last Interglacial episode, the Marine Isotope Substage 5e (MIS 5e). Numerous MIS 5e fossiliferous outcrops occur, sca...
Research in quantitative paleohydrology shows that a phase of very high river discharge on the northern Eurasian plains in the late Pleniglacial (about 18–14 ka BP) was followed by a much less studied phase of reduced discharge and small-channe...
Karst poljes in the Dinaric karst are widely infilled with Quaternary sediments. In the Bribir–Ostrovica karst polje, these sediments were investigated using geomorphological mapping and multiproxy analysis of lake sediment cores, including gra...
The port of Portus was located about 30 km southwest of Rome and was the most important in the Western Mediterranean during the Roman Imperial period (27 BCE–476 CE). This paper analyses the palaeoenvironmental evolution of the channel linking...
Ice-dammed lakes were common along the southern margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet during deglaciation. In the Schoharie Valley of the northern Catskill Mountains, New York, a 171 km2 lake known as glacial Lake Grand Gorge formed in an interlobate ar...
Geoheritage assessment supports inventory design, geoconservation, geoeducation, public interpretation, and geotourism, yet many methods still merge intrinsic site significance with present-day conditions of access, interpretation, and management. Th...
The occurrence of Vulpes corsac in the Late Pleistocene of Europe is primarily supported by a limited number of uncertain records, many of which require revision. More reliable evidence derives from localities in Bohemia and Ukraine. The species&rsqu...
Recent and ongoing fieldwork at Bacon Hole, located on the Gower Peninsula, South Wales, is being conducted by an international team of researchers. This work includes pigment analysis and a chronometric dating programme focused on a vertical painted...
Archaeomalacological analyses have been carried out as part of the interdisciplinary project of Colombare di Negrar, a prehistoric site in the Lessini Mountains (northern Italy). The palaeoenvironmental and economic reconstruction from the Late to Fi...
On 6 June 1944, more than 156,000 Allied troops landed along the heavily fortified beaches of Normandy, France, during Operation Overlord, the largest amphibious assault in modern history. Intensive naval bombardment, ground combat, and subsequent oc...
Syphilis, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, has a complex evolutionary history, most likely being transferred from the Americas to Europe after the 15th century and subsequently spreading widely through sexual transmission. This work is one...
Small Mediterranean coastal lagoons are sensitive sedimentary environments where basin morphology, hydrodynamic processes, and inherited coastal structures interact to control sediment dispersal. This study investigates modern sedimentary patterns in...
In this paper, we provide new insight into the Quaternary tectonics of the Floridia Graben (southeastern Sicily) and develop 3D geologic and ground-flow models of its subsurface. The Floridia Graben is a structural depression bounded by NW–SE t...
Grotta-Riparo di Uluzzo C (Uluzzo Bay, Apulia, southern Italy) preserves a long and complex stratigraphic sequence spanning from the Middle Palaeolithic to the Bronze Age, offering a valuable context for investigating depositional dynamics and human&...
Coastal regions played a key role in the emergence of Early Neolithic cultures. Fluctuating sea levels shaped prehistoric human migration, settlement patterns, and adaptation strategies. The lower reaches of the Min River in Fujian were a major centr...
This study presents the first bioarcheological analysis of the Mnogovalikovaia culture (Middle Bronze Age) from the North Pontic region, evaluating six human skeletons (six adult males) discovered in tumuli at Novosiolovca, Burlăceni, and Ord...
Major earthquakes often induce multi-structural rupture styles, which serve as a crucial basis for understanding stress partitioning and strain adjustment within tectonic systems, as well as for constructing regional deformation models. The 1927 M 8....
The European Middle Pleistocene represents a critical spatiotemporal interval in human evolution, marked by increasing morphological variability and ongoing debate regarding the evolutionary processes leading to the emergence of Neandertals. In parti...
This study analyses the funerary practices in hypogea (rock-cut tombs) of the Middle Bronze Age in southern Portugal with the aim of deepening our understanding of Bronze Age funerary rituals in southwestern Iberia. A total of 57 hypogea from seven a...
Fossils provide invaluable data for evolutionary studies in oceanic islands. The paleontological record of the Macaronesian archipelagos has been the target of many researchers for a long time, with a recent surge in interest in scientific research r...
Arid Central Asia (ACA) is a major source of atmospheric dust in the Northern Hemisphere; however, the evolutionary models and driving mechanisms of Holocene aeolian activity in this region remain debated. Based on 13 reliable AMS 14C dates from the...
The main objective of the present study is to reveal the palette of pigments and the other specific constituent materials as well as the techniques used by the Roman artists to create the mural paintings discovered in the ancient city of Tomis, the m...
Modern pollen rain studies provide essential calibration for interpreting fossil pollen records, particularly in montane environments. This study explores pollen–vegetation relationships along an altitudinal transect in the Rarău Massif (E...
The figures in the original publication are adaptations of rock art motifs, and the sources of the original photographs were cited in the description of each figure [...]
Alluvial plains in the marginal zone of the monsoon system are sensitive to the climate–hydrology interaction. However, long term, high-resolution sedimentary records remain scarce in the Songnen Plain of Northeast China. This limited our under...
Dental wear provides valuable evidence for reconstructing past human behaviour, including diet abrasiveness and non-masticatory activities such as the use of teeth as a “third hand”. This study investigates activity-induced dental modific...
Shell middens of Guyana’s northwestern coast are a tangible stratified archive of prehistoric occupation and land use during the Holocene, an era of increased human impacts on the landscape. This study integrates stable isotope and zooarchaeolo...
This study presents new phytolith data that reconstruct the vegetation patterns and environmental context of medieval sites in northeastern Romania, integrated with previously published archaeozoological evidence. Sediment samples from cultural layer...
Alluvial–proluvial parent-material soils are widely distributed in the Qinghai Lake Basin; however, their timing of development and associated climatic background remain poorly constrained. In this study, two representative alluvial–prolu...
Compound geological disaster chains pose major challenges for disaster prevention in mountainous regions due to their complex mechanisms and cascading impacts. This study investigates a landslide–debris flow–flash flood hazard chain that...
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