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Authors = Maria A. Pobedintseva ORCID = 0000-0001-8447-9626

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18 pages, 2946 KiB  
Article
Archaeozoology Supports a Holistic View on Fish Assessments in Large Rivers—A Case Study from the Volga River: From Quantitative Data and Ancient DNA to Biodiversity Analysis
by Igor V. Askeyev, Oleg V. Askeyev, Arthur O. Askeyev, Dilyara N. Shaymuratova, Sergey P. Monakhov, Maria A. Pobedintseva, Vladimir A. Trifonov, Konrad Górski and Martin Schletterer
Water 2024, 16(8), 1109; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16081109 - 12 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1785
Abstract
Knowledge of the historical and present dynamics of populations of migratory fish can promote our understanding of factors affecting their recruitment and abundance. Taxonomic identification of 23,802 bone remains and 13,539 scales of fish from 30 archaeological sites along Volga River revealed that [...] Read more.
Knowledge of the historical and present dynamics of populations of migratory fish can promote our understanding of factors affecting their recruitment and abundance. Taxonomic identification of 23,802 bone remains and 13,539 scales of fish from 30 archaeological sites along Volga River revealed that they belonged to 41 different fish species. These data allow for retrospective comparisons and highlight the potential of archaeozoology in conservation biology. Sturgeons and salmonids are vulnerable to the impacts of fishery and climatic change. The sharp decline in the numbers of Starry sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus), Caspian trout (Salmo caspius), and Caspian Inconnu (Stenodus leucichthys) from the Volga in the 17th and 18th centuries was likely related to a cooling period (“Little Ice Age”). At present, the population numbers of all anadromous sturgeons and salmonids of the Volga River are critically low. In the Volga basin over the past two millennia, the sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) has had a very large population number, high genetic (haplogroups and haplotypes) diversity, and large body sizes. Genetic analysis (aDNA and eDNA) have great potential to expand the knowledge of fish populations along large rivers and to improve long-term biomonitoring. Therefore, analyses of historical data, conventional surveys, as well as the inclusion of genetic approaches complement each other in the development of effective conservation strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Biodiversity and Functionality of Aquatic Ecosystems)
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9 pages, 661 KiB  
Article
ASIP Promoter Variants Predict the Sesame Coat Color in Shiba Inu Dogs
by Stepan N. Belyakin, Daniil A. Maksimov, Maria A. Pobedintseva, Petr P. Laktionov and Dinara Voronova
Vet. Sci. 2022, 9(5), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9050222 - 3 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 11540
Abstract
Animals exhibit a wide variety of genetically determined coat colors and pigmentation patterns that serve important roles in adaptation and communication. Although the genetics of the main coat colors in dogs have been studied extensively, there are types of coat pigmentation that have [...] Read more.
Animals exhibit a wide variety of genetically determined coat colors and pigmentation patterns that serve important roles in adaptation and communication. Although the genetics of the main coat colors in dogs have been studied extensively, there are types of coat pigmentation that have not been explained yet. Recently, an association between the variants in the ASIP gene Ventral (VP) and Hair Cycle (HCP) promoters with different coat colors in dogs has been established. Here, we used the new findings as a basis to investigate the genetics of the red sesame coat color in Shiba Inu dogs. Our study revealed that red sesame dogs carry a specific heterozygous ASIP promoter diplotype, VP2-HCP1/VP2-HCP3, where VP2-HCP1 is responsible for the red coat with a dark overlay, and VP2-HCP3 for a tan point-like pattern. This finding explains the inheritance of this coat color pattern and can be used by breeders to produce dogs with this rare phenotype. A comparison of sesame dogs (VP2-HCP1/VP2-HCP3) to a dog homozygous for the VP2-HCP1 promoter haplotype suggests that the incomplete dominance between the ASIP alleles may be involved in the sesame coat formation. These results are in good agreement with the new model explaining how different levels of ASIP gene expression affect the regulation of pigment synthesis in melanocytes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Veterinary Biomedical Sciences)
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