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9 pages, 255 KB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Detecting Short-Notice Cancellation in Hotels with Machine Learning

by Eleazar C-Sánchez and Agustín J. Sánchez-Medina

Eng. Proc. 2024, 68(1), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024068043 - 15 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1712

Cancellations play a critical role in the lodging industry. Considering the time horizon, cancellations placed close to check-in have a significant impact on hoteliers, who must respond promptly for effective management. In recent years, the introduction of personal name records (PNR) has brought innovative approaches to this domain, but short-notice cancellation prediction is still underdeveloped. Using real PNR data with more than 10k reservations provided by a four-star hotel, this research aims to combine fuzzy clustering with tree decision techniques and random forest under R software version 4.3.3 to forecast cancellations placed close to the entry day, slightly improving the performance of individual techniques. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 10th International Conference on Time Series and Forecasting)

17 pages, 1695 KB

Open AccessArticle

Mendelian Randomisation Confirms the Role of Y-Chromosome Loss in Alzheimer’s Disease Aetiopathogenesis in Men

by Pablo García-González, Itziar de Rojas, Sonia Moreno-Grau, Laura Montrreal, Raquel Puerta, Emilio Alarcón-Martín, Inés Quintela, Adela Orellana, Victor Andrade, Pamela V. Martino Adami, Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach, Pilar Gomez-Garre, María Teresa Periñán, Ignacio Alvarez, Monica Diez-Fairen, Raul Nuñez Llaves, Claudia Olivé Roig, Guillermo Garcia-Ribas, Manuel Menéndez-González, Carmen Martínez, Miquel Aguilar, Mariateresa Buongiorno, Emilio Franco-Macías, Maria Eugenia Saez, Amanda Cano, Maria J. Bullido, Luis Miguel Real, Eloy Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Jose Luís Royo, Victoria Álvarez, Pau Pastor, Gerard Piñol-Ripoll, Pablo Mir, Miguel Calero Lara, Miguel Medina Padilla, Pascual Sánchez-Juan, Angel Carracedo, Sergi Valero, Isabel Hernandez, Lluis Tàrraga, Alfredo Ramirez, Mercé Boada and Agustín Ruiz Show full author list Hide full author list

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(2), 898; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24020898 - 4 Jan 2023

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 7117

Abstract

Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) is a common ageing-related somatic event and has been previously associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, mLOY estimation from genotype microarray data only reflects the mLOY degree of subjects at the moment of DNA sampling. Therefore, mLOY phenotype associations with AD can be severely age-confounded in the context of genome-wide association studies. Here, we applied Mendelian randomisation to construct an age-independent mLOY polygenic risk score (mloy-PRS) using 114 autosomal variants. The mloy-PRS instrument was associated with an 80% increase in mLOY risk per standard deviation unit (p = 4.22 × 10⁻²⁰) and was orthogonal with age. We found that a higher genetic risk for mLOY was associated with faster progression to AD in men with mild cognitive impairment (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.23, p = 0.01). Importantly, mloy-PRS had no effect on AD conversion or risk in the female group, suggesting that these associations are caused by the inherent loss of the Y chromosome. Additionally, the blood mLOY phenotype in men was associated with increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau181 in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Our results strongly suggest that mLOY is involved in AD pathogenesis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Genetics and Genomics)

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11 pages, 628 KB

Open AccessArticle

Genomic Characterization of Host Factors Related to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in People with Dementia and Control Populations: The GR@ACE/DEGESCO Study

by Itziar de Rojas, Isabel Hernández, Laura Montrreal, Inés Quintela, Miguel Calero, Jose Luís Royo, Raquel Huerto Vilas, Antonio González-Pérez, Emilio Franco-Macías, Juan Macías, Manuel Menéndez-González, Ana Frank-García, Mónica Diez-Fairen, Carmen Lage, Sebastián García-Madrona, Nuria Aguilera, Pablo García-González, Raquel Puerta, Oscar Sotolongo-Grau, Silvia Alonso-Lana, Alberto Rábano, Alfonso Arias Pastor, Ana Belén Pastor, Anaïs Corma-Gómez, Angel Martín Montes, Carmen Martínez Rodríguez, Dolores Buiza-Rueda, Maria Teresa Periñán, Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Ignacio Alvarez, Irene Rosas Allende, Juan A. Pineda, María Bernal Sánchez-Arjona, Marta Fernández-Fuertes, Silvia Mendoza, Teodoro del Ser, GR@ACE/DEGESCO Consortium, Guillermo Garcia-Ribas, Pascual Sánchez-Juan, Pau Pastor, María J. Bullido, Victoria Álvarez, Luis M. Real, Pablo Mir, Gerard Piñol-Ripoll, Jose María García-Alberca, Miguel Medina, Adelina Orellana, Chris R. Butler, Marta Marquié, María Eugenia Sáez, Ángel Carracedo, Lluís Tárraga, Mercè Boada and Agustín Ruiz Show full author list Hide full author list

J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11(12), 1318; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11121318 - 7 Dec 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4669

Abstract

Emerging studies have suggested several chromosomal regions as potential host genetic factors involved in the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease outcome. We nested a COVID-19 genome-wide association study using the GR@ACE/DEGESCO study, searching for susceptibility factors associated with COVID-19 disease. To this end, we compared 221 COVID-19 confirmed cases with 17,035 individuals in whom the COVID-19 disease status was unknown. Then, we performed a meta-analysis with the publicly available data from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative. Because the APOE locus has been suggested as a potential modifier of COVID-19 disease, we added sensitivity analyses stratifying by dementia status or by disease severity. We confirmed the existence of the 3p21.31 region (LZTFL1, SLC6A20) implicated in the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and TYK2 gene might be involved in COVID-19 severity. Nevertheless, no statistically significant association was observed in the COVID-19 fatal outcome or in the stratified analyses (dementia-only and non-dementia strata) for the APOE locus not supporting its involvement in SARS-CoV-2 pathobiology or COVID-19 prognosis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Mechanisms of Diseases)

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16 pages, 2473 KB

Open AccessArticle

Astrotourism and Night Sky Brightness Forecast: First Probabilistic Model Approach

by Eleazar C-Sánchez, Agustín J. Sánchez-Medina, Jesús B. Alonso-Hernández and Augusto Voltes-Dorta

Sensors 2019, 19(13), 2840; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19132840 - 26 Jun 2019

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5166

Abstract

Celestial tourism, also known as astrotourism, astronomical tourism or, less frequently, star tourism, refers to people’s interest in visiting places where celestial phenomena can be clearly observed. Stars, skygazing, meteor showers or comets, among other phenomena, arouse people’s interest, however, good night sky conditions are required to observe such phenomena. From an environmental point of view, several organisations have surfaced in defence of the protection of dark night skies against light pollution, while from an economic point of view; the idea also opens new possibilities for development in associated areas. The quality of dark skies for celestial tourism can be measured by night sky brightness (NSB), which is used to quantify the visual perception of the sky, including several light sources at a specific point on earth. The aim of this research is to model the nocturnal sky brightness by training and testing a probabilistic model using real NSB data. ARIMA and artificial neural network models have been applied to open NSB data provided by the Globe at Night international programme, with the results of this first model approach being promising and opening up new possibilities for astrotourism. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, probabilistic models have not been applied to NSB forecasting. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Tourism Business Intelligence)

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31 pages, 1123 KB

Open AccessReview

Research Topics in Accounting Fraud in the 21st Century: A State of the Art

by Monica Ramos Montesdeoca, Agustín J. Sánchez Medina and Felix Blázquez Santana

Sustainability 2019, 11(6), 1570; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061570 - 14 Mar 2019

Cited by 45 | Viewed by 29907

Abstract

Companies play a role in society that clearly goes beyond mere economic interest. Their contribution to social development and to the sustainability of the territory where they are located seems unquestionable. However, after the great financial scandals of companies such as ENRON, WorldCom or AHOLD, interest groups require accurate and transparent financial information. The development of more demanding financial reporting standards seems, however, not to have been up to scratch, since accounting fraud continues to be detected all over the world. The search, therefore, for possible causes that may induce companies to act unethically was the main motivation behind this research. To do this, a review of the literature in high-impact journals that has dealt with accounting fraud, covering the main lines of research, was carried out. The findings of the literature review highlight the importance of responsible corporate governance and good accounting practices, as well as the importance of certain psychological characteristics of managers and employees as enhancers of the lack of ethics. It is clear that the social cost of accounting fraud should be minimized, and governments should develop specific policies that combine responsible corporate governance in companies with the sustainability of their environment. Full article

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15 pages, 486 KB

Open AccessArticle

Anomia and Displacement of Responsibility as Determinants of Tourist Company Managers’ Non-Involvement in Alleviating Poverty

by Agustín J. Sánchez-Medina, Juan Manuel Benítez-del-Rosario and Félix Blázquez-Santana

Sustainability 2017, 9(5), 802; https://doi.org/10.3390/su9050802 - 11 May 2017

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5358

Abstract

The economic transformation produced by tourism sometimes has a positive influence on reducing poverty, but other times it does not. Discovering the reasons for this difference is highly relevant. In searching for these reasons, this study will focus on an important actor in tourism management, the manager. Specifically, the study will analyze how a certain negative mood state, anomia, influences the fact that managers do not consider it advisable for their companies to become involved in reducing poverty. The term future managers has been used as a proxy variable for managers. In addition, the study will also examine whether a moral disengagement mechanism, displacement of responsibility, is a mediator variable in this relationship. Covariance-based structural equation modeling was applied to a sample of 422 students in their last year of the Tourism degree at two universities, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain) and Ibn-Zohr-Agadir (Morocco). The results show that all the proposed hypotheses are supported. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability)

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