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Neuroglia
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Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Neuroglia
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Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Neuroglia

A special issue of Neuroglia (ISSN 2571-6980).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 10116

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. James St John

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
Interests: olfactory ensheathing cells; schwann cells; spinal cord injury; peripheral nerve injury; cell transplantation; 3D bioprinting; neurodegenerative disease; growth factor
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the Editor-in-Chief of Neuroglia, I am pleased to announce this Special Issue, entitled “Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Neuroglia”. This Special Issue will be a collection of high-quality papers from Members of the Editorial Board highlighting the various areas of research by Board Members. The aim is to provide a venue for networking and communication between the Members of the Editorial Board and scholars in this field. All papers will be published with full open access after peer review. 

Prof. Dr. James St John
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Neuroglia is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3481 KiB  
Article
Combination of Engineered Expression of Polysialic Acid on Transplanted Schwann Cells and in Injured Rat Spinal Cord Promotes Significant Axonal Growth and Functional Recovery
by Fangyou Gao, Yi Zhang, Dongsheng Wu, Juan Luo, Svetlana Gushchina and Xuenong Bo
Neuroglia 2023, 4(4), 222-238; https://doi.org/10.3390/neuroglia4040016 - 23 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1377
Abstract
Providing cellular support and modifying the glial scar around the lesion are two key strategies for promoting axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury. We showed previously that over-expressing polysialic acid (PSA) on Schwann cells (SCs) by lentiviral vector (LV)-mediated expression of polysialyltransferase (PST) [...] Read more.
Providing cellular support and modifying the glial scar around the lesion are two key strategies for promoting axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury. We showed previously that over-expressing polysialic acid (PSA) on Schwann cells (SCs) by lentiviral vector (LV)-mediated expression of polysialyltransferase (PST) facilitated their integration and migration in the injured spinal cord. We also showed that PSA over-expression in the injured spinal cord modified the glial scar and promoted the growth of ascending sensory axons. In this study, we combined the PST/SC transplantation with LV/PST injection in spinal cords after dorsal column transection and found the combined treatments led to faster and more profound locomotor functional recovery compared with animals receiving combined GFP/SC transplantation with LV/GFP injection. Histological examination showed significantly more injured corticospinal axons growing close to the lesion/transplant borders and into the caudal spinal cord in the PST group than in the GFP group. We also found over -expressing PSA around the lesion site did not cause allodynia and hyperalgesia in our injury model. These results demonstrate the promising therapeutic benefit of over-expressing PSA in transplanted SCs and spinal cord in promoting axonal growth and restoring motor function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Neuroglia)
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Review

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22 pages, 13426 KiB  
Review
Protoplasmic Perivascular Astrocytes Play a Crucial Role in the Development of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
by Melvin R. Hayden
Neuroglia 2023, 4(4), 307-328; https://doi.org/10.3390/neuroglia4040021 - 1 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2014
Abstract
Astrocytes (ACs) are the most abundant cells in the brain and, importantly, are the master connecting and communicating cells that provide structural and functional support for brain cells at all levels of organization. Further, they are recognized as the guardians and housekeepers of [...] Read more.
Astrocytes (ACs) are the most abundant cells in the brain and, importantly, are the master connecting and communicating cells that provide structural and functional support for brain cells at all levels of organization. Further, they are recognized as the guardians and housekeepers of the brain. Protoplasmic perivascular astrocyte endfeet and their basal lamina form the delimiting outermost barrier (glia limitans) of the perivascular spaces in postcapillary venules and are important for the clearance of metabolic waste. They comprise the glymphatic system, which is critically dependent on proper waste removal by the pvACef polarized aquaporin-4 water channels. Also, the protoplasmic perisynaptic astrocyte endfeet (psACef) are important in cradling the neuronal synapses that serve to maintain homeostasis and serve a functional and supportive role in synaptic transmission. Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) are emerging as important aberrant findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and are associated with white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, and aging, and are accepted as biomarkers for cerebral small vessel disease, increased obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Knowledge is exponentially expanding regarding EPVS along with the glymphatic system, since EPVS are closely associated with impaired glymphatic function and waste removal from the brain to the cerebrospinal fluid and systemic circulation. This review intends to focus on how the pvACef play a crucial role in the development of EPVS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Neuroglia)
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Other

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12 pages, 261 KiB  
Perspective
Contribution of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Schwann Cells and Satellite Glial Cells to Pain Processing
by Parisa Gazerani
Neuroglia 2024, 5(1), 1-12; https://doi.org/10.3390/neuroglia5010001 - 28 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2133
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are membrane-bound particles released by cells into extracellular space. These vesicles carry various molecules, such as proteins and lipids, and can serve as mediators of intercellular communication. EVs have been implicated in the communication between different [...] Read more.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are membrane-bound particles released by cells into extracellular space. These vesicles carry various molecules, such as proteins and lipids, and can serve as mediators of intercellular communication. EVs have been implicated in the communication between different cell types in the nervous system, for instance, the neurons and glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Satellite glial cells (SGCs) surround and support neurons in the sensory ganglia of the PNS, and it has been proposed that the EVs released by SGCs may contribute to the processing of pain-related signals and features. This includes the modulation of neuronal activity, the release of pro-inflammatory signaling molecules, and sensitization. A noticeable finding is that EVs can transfer bioactive molecules, including proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs), between cells, influencing cellular functions such as gene expression regulation involved in the transmission and modulation of pain signals. Schwann cells (SCs) also release EVs. SC-derived EVs sequester TNFR1, influencing TNFα activity and regulating neuroinflammation in peripheral nerve injuries. Understanding peripheral glia’s EVs role in pain processing is an emerging area in neuroscience. Here, the latest findings, challenges, and potential are presented to encourage future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Neuroglia)
5 pages, 628 KiB  
Commentary
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells for Spinal Cord Injury: The Cellular Superpowers for Nerve Repair
by Francesca Oieni, Ronak Reshamwala and James St John
Neuroglia 2022, 3(4), 139-143; https://doi.org/10.3390/neuroglia3040009 - 4 Nov 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3789
Abstract
Neurotrauma injuries are notoriously difficult to deal with both clinically as well as experimentally, as the cellular and molecular events ensuing after injury complicate the neuroinflammatory processes. Spinal cord injuries are further complicated by the formation of scars at the injury sites, which [...] Read more.
Neurotrauma injuries are notoriously difficult to deal with both clinically as well as experimentally, as the cellular and molecular events ensuing after injury complicate the neuroinflammatory processes. Spinal cord injuries are further complicated by the formation of scars at the injury sites, which can provide a physical barrier to repair. The lack of effective clinical therapy for spinal cord injury underscores the need for experimental approaches to generate effective therapies. To repair the injury, cell transplantation offers the potential to replace lost cells and create a permissive bridge to promote neural regeneration across the injury site. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), which are the glia of the olfactory nerve, stand apart from other candidate cell types due to their innate natural abilities to manage nerve injury and promote repair and regeneration. This is evidenced by their physiological role in the daily repair and maintenance of the olfactory nerve. Here, we explain their properties in relation to their physiological role and their most relevant cellular attributes, including cellular interactions, phagocytosis, migration, axonal guidance and support, and modulation of neuroinflammation. We highlight some critical drawbacks in the current approaches and identify some ways to address them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Neuroglia)
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