Saving the Humanities from the Neoliberal University

A special issue of Humanities (ISSN 2076-0787).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2018) | Viewed by 35287

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Humanities, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
Interests: cultural studies; global anglophone cultures; humanities and society

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There have always been tensions between the “vocational” and “humanistic” missions of higher education, but there are some distinctive characteristics of the ongoing “crisis” of the Humanities in what I am calling the “neoliberal university.” As Bill Readings argued in The University in Ruins, higher education’s traditional “Humboldtian” role of producing citizens and leaders for a national society is being overwhelmed by a market-oriented model that functions, directly and indirectly, to serve global business interests. This development is sometimes represented as a democratic response to student demand for training that will lead to secure careers, and as an appropriately cosmopolitan response to a world shrunk by technological advances in communication. However, neoliberal ideology packages consumer choice as democratic agency, and substitutes a kind of “corporate cosmopolitanism” in place of a richly-informed global citizenship. In the neoliberal university, the humanities are expected to supply students with the cultural awareness, communication skills and critical thinking skills needed for successful careers, but often only at a level sufficiently superficial to avoid deep questioning of prevailing assumptions. The need for critique and resistance is clear, yet there are also opportunities for engaging neoliberalism on the terrain of vocationalism and globalization. Thus, the word “from” in the title above is intended to recognize the humanities’ separation from neoliberalism, but also to register the fact that the rescue must come from within the neoliberal university. There is no simple route of return to the traditional civic and nationalist missions of the modern university, but the conditions of the crisis may offer opportunities for transformation of the humanities to serve democratic ends. This Special Issue will seek to identify and assess some of those opportunities. Topics may include Humanities in relation to Globalization, Global Anglophone Communication and Culture, Cosmopolitanism, Vocationalism, STEM, STEAM (STEM integrated with Liberal Arts), Interdisciplinarity and Transdisciplinarity, International Experiments with the “American” Liberal Education Model; Humanities and Global Anglophone Culture, Humanities and Digital Culture; and others.

Prof. Dr. Ronald Strickland
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Neoliberalism;
  • Vocationalism;
  • Globalization;
  • Cosmopolitanism;
  • Transdisciplinarity;
  • STEAM

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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15 pages, 398 KiB  
Article
World Citizens: Pathways for the Development of Eco-Citizenship in Higher Education
by Hélène Domon
Humanities 2018, 7(4), 93; https://doi.org/10.3390/h7040093 - 28 Sep 2018
Viewed by 3676
Abstract
It is time that universities reexamine what is meant by globalization. Contemporary scholars in the humanities, such as Peter Critchley, Noam Chomsky, Lewis Mumford, Elinor Ostrom, Charles Eisenstein, David Orr, Vandana Shiva, Naomi Klein, Lynn Margulis, Mustafa Tolba, Martha Nussbaum, Henry Giroux, Carolyn [...] Read more.
It is time that universities reexamine what is meant by globalization. Contemporary scholars in the humanities, such as Peter Critchley, Noam Chomsky, Lewis Mumford, Elinor Ostrom, Charles Eisenstein, David Orr, Vandana Shiva, Naomi Klein, Lynn Margulis, Mustafa Tolba, Martha Nussbaum, Henry Giroux, Carolyn Merchant, Paulo Freire, Fritjof Capra, and Pier Luigi Luisi have aptly redefined the concept of “world” as a biological and cultural ecosystem. This paper seeks ways to integrate the theory and practice of eco-citizenship into various cross-disciplinary aspects of higher education, with a focus on curricular adjustments steered by World Languages and Cultures programs. It vests universities with a mission to engage themselves both as places of resistance against the neoliberal privatization of the commons and as the interactive, practical, analytical, and creative grounds needed for a healthy rebuilding of our global community. Through an assertive commitment in favour of eco-citizenship, universities will help clarify and resolve the strong conflict we are witnessing today between neoliberal orientations and an ecological exigency clearly delineated by scientific and humanistic scholarship. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Saving the Humanities from the Neoliberal University)
16 pages, 244 KiB  
Article
The Humanities as Contradiction: Against the New Enclosures
by Christopher Breu
Humanities 2018, 7(3), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/h7030070 - 17 Jul 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 6797
Abstract
This essay begins by surveying our current moment in the humanities, diagnosing the language of crisis that frames much of the discourse about them. It argues that the crisis is a manufactured economic one not a symbolic one. The problems with many recent [...] Read more.
This essay begins by surveying our current moment in the humanities, diagnosing the language of crisis that frames much of the discourse about them. It argues that the crisis is a manufactured economic one not a symbolic one. The problems with many recent proposals—such as the new aestheticism, surface reading, and postcritique—is that they attempt to solve an economic crisis on the level of symbolic capital. They try to save the humanities by redisciplining them and making them mirror various forms amateur inquiry. I describe these approaches as the new enclosures, attempts at returning the humanities to disciplinarity with the hopes that administrative and neoliberal forces will find what we do more palatable. Instead of attempting to appease such forces by being pliant and apolitical, we need a new workerist militancy (daring to be “bad workers” from the point of view of neoliberal managerial rhetorics) to combat the economic crisis produced by neoliberalism. Meanwhile, on the level of knowledge production, the humanities need to resist the demand to shrink the scope of their inquiry to the disciplinary. The humanities, at their best, have been interdisciplinary. They have foregrounded both the subject of the human and all the complex forces that shape, limit, and exist in relationship and contradiction with the human. The essay concludes by arguing that the humanities, to resist neoliberal symbolic logics, need to embrace both a critical humanism, and the crucial challenges to this humanism that go by the name of antihumanism and posthumanism. It is only by putting these three discourses in negative dialectical tension with each other that we can begin to imagine a reinvigorated humanities that can address the challenges of the twenty-first century. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Saving the Humanities from the Neoliberal University)
191 KiB  
Article
The University, Neoliberalism, and the Humanities: A History
by David R. Shumway
Humanities 2017, 6(4), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/h6040083 - 8 Nov 2017
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5861
Abstract
Neoliberalism has since the 1970s had a significant negative impact on higher education in the U.S., but this ideology and political program is not solely to blame for the current situation of the humanities or the university. The American university was never the [...] Read more.
Neoliberalism has since the 1970s had a significant negative impact on higher education in the U.S., but this ideology and political program is not solely to blame for the current situation of the humanities or the university. The American university was never the autonomous institution imagined by German idealists, but it was rather always strongly connected to both the state and civil society. Many of the cultural currents and social forces that have led to the reduction in public spending on higher education and to lower enrollments in the humanities long antedate neoliberalism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Saving the Humanities from the Neoliberal University)
824 KiB  
Article
Socialization in the Neoliberal Academy of STEM Scholars: A Case Study of Negotiating Dispositions in an International Graduate Student in Entomology
by Shakil Rabbi and A. Suresh Canagarajah
Humanities 2017, 6(2), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/h6020039 - 10 Jun 2017
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5092
Abstract
This article examines how neoliberal orders of discourse shape the dispositions to academic literacies of an international graduate student in entomology. As this ideology of market logic consolidates its hegemony in universities of excellence and US culture at large, academic socialization and disciplinary [...] Read more.
This article examines how neoliberal orders of discourse shape the dispositions to academic literacies of an international graduate student in entomology. As this ideology of market logic consolidates its hegemony in universities of excellence and US culture at large, academic socialization and disciplinary activities increasingly aim to create scholarly dispositions and subjectivities that align with it. Such processes are further complicated by the backgrounds of international graduate students—an ever-larger proportion of graduate students in STEM who often hail from educational cultures significantly different from the U.S. Our analysis of an international graduate student’s literacy practices in terms of motivations and outcomes shows that his literacies echo the dispositions pushed by neoliberal ideologies, but are not over-determined by them. Rather, as our case study illustrates, his socialization is a layered process, with ambiguous implications and strategic calculations making up literacies and disciplinary outcomes. We believe closely mapping such tensions in literacies and socialization processes increases humanities scholars’ awareness both of the potential contradictions of educating international graduate students into the neoliberal model and of how the university can still be used to develop the dispositions needed to renegotiate the neoliberal order of discourse for more ethical and empowering purposes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Saving the Humanities from the Neoliberal University)
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214 KiB  
Article
U.S. Higher Education and the Crisis of Care
by David B. Downing
Humanities 2017, 6(2), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/h6020032 - 16 May 2017
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4113
Abstract
This essay situates the fate of the humanities within the broad perspective of the geopolitical economy of neoliberal capitalism. This article adapts Nancy Fraser’s historical analysis of the three phases of the “crisis of care” to understand our latest phase (1975–2017) of the [...] Read more.
This essay situates the fate of the humanities within the broad perspective of the geopolitical economy of neoliberal capitalism. This article adapts Nancy Fraser’s historical analysis of the three phases of the “crisis of care” to understand our latest phase (1975–2017) of the capitalist world system. With respect to higher education, the shift towards privatization has had devastating effects, especially for the humanities and social sciences. By reconsidering the public and social benefits of higher education, we can restore the educational core of the humanities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Saving the Humanities from the Neoliberal University)
238 KiB  
Article
Investing in College Education: Debtors, Bettors, Lenders, Brokers
by Ellen Messer-Davidow
Humanities 2017, 6(2), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/h6020020 - 10 Apr 2017
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4893
Abstract
Federal and private lenders have issued college student loans, now rising above $1.3 trillion nationwide and, to gain revenues for continued lending, sell them to securitizers who in turn bundle them into asset-backed securities. This paper argues that the magnitude of debt, high [...] Read more.
Federal and private lenders have issued college student loans, now rising above $1.3 trillion nationwide and, to gain revenues for continued lending, sell them to securitizers who in turn bundle them into asset-backed securities. This paper argues that the magnitude of debt, high rates of default and forgiveness, and uncertain long-term repayment by borrowers facing lackluster job opportunities replicate the techniques of neoliberal financialization (subprime mortgages, securitization, overstocked housing market) that triggered the 2008 economic meltdown. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Saving the Humanities from the Neoliberal University)

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196 KiB  
Essay
Writing Language: Composition, the Academy, and Work
by Bruce Horner
Humanities 2017, 6(2), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/h6020011 - 30 Mar 2017
Viewed by 3741
Abstract
This paper argues that while college composition courses are commonly charged with remediating students by providing them with the literacy skills they lack, they may instead be redefined as providing the occasion for rewriting language and knowledge. By bringing to the fore the [...] Read more.
This paper argues that while college composition courses are commonly charged with remediating students by providing them with the literacy skills they lack, they may instead be redefined as providing the occasion for rewriting language and knowledge. By bringing to the fore the dependence of language and knowledge on the labor of writing, a pedagogy of recursion, mediation, and translation of knowledge through writing and revision counters neoliberalism’s commodification of knowledge and language, and offers an alternative justification for continuing education as the occasion for students to remediate language and knowledge through writing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Saving the Humanities from the Neoliberal University)
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