Future Air Transport Challenges and Solutions

A special issue of Future Transportation (ISSN 2673-7590).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1031

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Air Traffic Efficiency Research Unit, Aeronautics Directorate—C.I.R.A. SCpA—Italian Aerospace Research Centre, Capua, Italy
Interests: air traffic management; air traffic optimization; autonomous flight systems; detect and avoid; remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS); drones; innovative air mobility (IAM); urban air mobility (UAM); air transport sustainability; avionics; decision support systems; aviation automation and autonomy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

International research and development activities in recent years have actively shaped the future of aviation and air transport for the coming decades. The key drivers motivating these R&D efforts, include not only traditional motives, such as the always increasing push for automation translating into autonomy, but also new ones, such as the always increasing consideration of environmental and societal factors, pushing, for instance, for the adoption of reduced-emission air transport forms, accelerating the transition toward more suitable low-emission aviation.

Air transport is one of the most important domains of transport, with a very special role within the broader transport ecosystem: it is the only form of transport devoted to the exploitation of the third dimension, airspace, with work in recent years also broaching the use of urban airspace. With this role comes the responsibility to ensure the efficient use of airspace and minimize the environmental footprint of operations, both in traditional and low-altitude airspace.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide researchers in the aviation and air transport domains with the possibility of sharing the ideas and results emerging from their latest research and development activities, in this way fostering cross-fertilization and supporting the further development of such outcomes towards high-impact technological advancements. In the framework of Future Transport, therefore, this Special Issue is very important, being specifically devoted to one of the most relevant transport domains, which deserves particular attention due to the number of significant evolutions that are moving it towards profound transformation in the medium to long term, in line with future technological, environmental, and societal needs.

The ambition of this Special Issue is to collect original research articles and review papers that cover myriad aspects of the future of the air transport and aviation domain, being inherently multidisciplinary in nature, as air transport comprises very complex system-of-systems. Based on this, the possible suggested research areas include (but not limited to) the following:

  • Integration of new aviation entrants, including autonomous aircraft and drones;
  • Integration and synergies between Air Traffic Management (ATM) and Unmanned Traffic Management (UTM);
  • Higher Airspace Operations (HAO) and integration of spacecrafts;
  • Next-generation propulsion systems, including hybrid-electric, full-electric, fuel cells, and liquid hydrogen;
  • Advanced automation and autonomy in aircraft systems;
  • Applications, opportunities, and limitations of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in aviation;
  • Automation and autonomy in Air Traffic Control (ATC);
  • Decision-support systems for both onboard and ground operations;
  • Single-Pilot Operation (SPO);
  • Small Air Transport (SAT) and Door-to-Door (D2D) mobility solutions.

 I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Vittorio Di Vito
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Future Transportation is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • future air transport
  • automation and autonomy
  • sustainable aviation
  • urban air mobility (UAM)
  • innovative air mobility (IAM)
  • air traffic management (ATM)
  • unmanned traffic management (UTM)
  • advanced propulsion systems
  • artificial intelligence (AI) in aviation
  • detect and avoid (DAA) systems
  • system-of-systems integration
  • autonomous aircraft and drones
  • higher airspace operations (HAO)
  • single-pilot operation (SPO)
  • small air transport (SAT)

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 759 KB  
Article
Feasibility and Challenges of Pilotless Passenger Aircraft: Technological, Regulatory, and Societal Perspectives
by Omar Elbasyouny and Odeh Dababneh
Future Transp. 2026, 6(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/futuretransp6010003 - 24 Dec 2025
Viewed by 663
Abstract
This study critically examines the technological feasibility, regulatory challenges, and societal acceptance of Pilotless Passenger Aircraft (PPAs) in commercial aviation. A mixed-methods design integrated quantitative passenger surveys (n = 312) and qualitative pilot interviews (n = 15), analyzed using SPSS and NVivo to [...] Read more.
This study critically examines the technological feasibility, regulatory challenges, and societal acceptance of Pilotless Passenger Aircraft (PPAs) in commercial aviation. A mixed-methods design integrated quantitative passenger surveys (n = 312) and qualitative pilot interviews (n = 15), analyzed using SPSS and NVivo to capture both statistical and thematic perspectives. Results show moderate public awareness (58%) but limited willingness to fly (23%), driven by safety (72%), cybersecurity (64%), and human judgement (60%) concerns. Among pilots, 93% agreed automation improves safety, yet 80% opposed removing human pilots entirely, underscoring reliance on human adaptability in emergencies. Both groups identified regulatory assurance, demonstrable reliability, and human oversight as prerequisites for acceptance. Technologically, this paper synthesizes advances in AI-driven flight management, multi-sensor navigation, and high-integrity control systems, including Airbus’s ATTOL and NASA’s ICAROUS, demonstrating that pilotless flight is technically viable but has yet to achieve the airline-grade reliability target of 10−9 failures per flight hour. Regulatory analysis of FAA, EASA, and ICAO frameworks reveals maturing but fragmented approaches to certifying learning-enabled systems. Ethical and economic evaluations indicate unresolved accountability, job displacement, and liability issues, with potential 10–15% operational cost savings offset by certification, cybersecurity, and infrastructure expenditures. Integrated findings confirm that PPAs represent a socio-technical challenge rather than a purely engineering problem. This study recommends a phased implementation roadmap: (1) initial deployment in cargo and low-risk missions to accumulate safety data; (2) hybrid human–AI flight models combining automation with continuous human supervision; and (3) harmonized international certification standards enabling eventual passenger operations. Policy implications emphasize explainable-AI integration, workforce reskilling, and transparent public engagement to bridge the trust gap. This study concludes that pilotless aviation will not eliminate the human element but redefine it, achieving autonomy through partnership between human judgement and machine precision to sustain aviation’s uncompromising safety culture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Future Air Transport Challenges and Solutions)
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