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Endocrines
Special Issues
Geriatric Endocrinology: Lifestyle, Hormones and Physical Activity for Successful Aging
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Geriatric Endocrinology: Lifestyle, Hormones and Physical Activity for Successful Aging

A special issue of Endocrines (ISSN 2673-396X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 21205

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Antonio Aversa

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Guest Editor
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: endocrinology of aging; testicular neoplasms; prostate cancer; sexual behavior
Prof. Dr. Giovanni Vitale

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Zucchi 18, 20095 Cusano Milanino, MI, Italy
Interests: translational and clinical investigations in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and thyroid cancer; development of new preclinical models in NETs; endocrinology of aging
Prof. Dr. Emanuela Greco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: endocrinology; obesity; osteoporosis and bone metabolism; nutrition; endocrine disruptors and environmental pollution

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The goal of Geriatric Endocrinology is to study physiological, hormonal and metabolic age-related changes, and it represents a challenge because a multidisciplinary team needs to be involved, since many errors in clinical practice are common, due to the fact that hormone balance changes with ageing, and with the presence of comorbidities and polytherapy. For this reason, besides the endocrinologist and the geriatrician, a tailored nutritional approach and a motor-science specialist are often necessary as ancillary figures. Body composition alterations, such as an excess of visceral fat and sarcopenia, play a detrimental role in determining unhealthy ageing, especially regarding their consequences for cardio-metabolic and skeletal functions in terms of increased risk of major cardiac adverse events, fractures and physical disability. Hence, common pathogenic mechanisms in the development of cardiovascular, metabolic and skeletal diseases are involved. The existence of an important interplay between adequate intake of macro–micro-nutrients, a specific physical activity practice and hormonal supplementation in the elderly is important to determine successful aging and better survival rates. The aim of this issue will be to describe the impact of an appropriate lifestyle and physical activity, along with hormonal–non hormonal treatments, on a successful aging process. The structure of the Special Issue will include mini-reviews from major experts in this area.

Prof. Dr. Antonio Aversa
Prof. Dr. Giovanni Vitale
Prof. Dr. Emanuela Greco
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Endocrines is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hormones
  • geriatric
  • ageing
  • obesity
  • bone
  • physical exercise
  • skeletal muscle
  • sarcopenia
  • gut microbiota
  • insulin
  • nutrients
  • food
  • behavior
  • cognitive function
  • neurodegeneration
  • disability

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 291 KiB  
Communication
Role of Vitamin D in Cardiovascular Diseases
by Valentino Condoleo, Corrado Pelaia, Giuseppe Armentaro, Giandomenico Severini, Elvira Clausi, Velia Cassano, Sofia Miceli, Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino, Elena Succurro, Franco Arturi, Francesco Andreozzi, Giorgio Sesti and Angela Sciacqua
Endocrines 2021, 2(4), 417-426; https://doi.org/10.3390/endocrines2040037 - 18 Oct 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4429
Abstract
Vitamin D represents a group of secosteroids involved in the calcium and phosphate metabolism. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxylcalciferol, exerts its biological mechanisms via the VDR (vitamin D receptor) which acts as a regulator of several target genes. Hypovitaminosis D is [...] Read more.
Vitamin D represents a group of secosteroids involved in the calcium and phosphate metabolism. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxylcalciferol, exerts its biological mechanisms via the VDR (vitamin D receptor) which acts as a regulator of several target genes. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with many diseases, which are not only limited to the metabolism of the skeleton, but growing evidence links the deficit of vitamin D to cardiovascular, metabolic, immune, and neoplastic diseases. In regard to the cardiovascular system, current evidence shows the presence of VDR in endothelial cells. Moreover, both in vitro and animal experimental models demonstrated that the deficit of vitamin D can promote endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis development. Vitamin D can interfere with vascular functions also by affecting the production of vasodilator mediators. VDR is also expressed in left ventricle cardiomyocytes, and hypovitaminosis D can relate to cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) designed to prove the therapeutic role of vitamin D supplementation have been inconclusive to date. The aim of this review is to highlight the main interactions between vitamin D metabolism and cardiovascular diseases; thus, focusing on pathogenic mechanisms and related clinical manifestations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geriatric Endocrinology: Lifestyle, Hormones and Physical Activity for Successful Aging)

Review

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17 pages, 363 KiB  
Review
Optimal Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Management and Active Ageing
by Alessia Maria Calabrese, Valeria Calsolaro, Sara Rogani, Chukwuma Okoye, Nadia Caraccio and Fabio Monzani
Endocrines 2021, 2(4), 523-539; https://doi.org/10.3390/endocrines2040047 - 13 Dec 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3984
Abstract
Type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a chronic condition with increasing prevalence worldwide among the older population. The T2DM condition increases the risk of micro and macrovascular complications as well as the risk of geriatric syndromes such as falls, fractures and cognitive impairment. [...] Read more.
Type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a chronic condition with increasing prevalence worldwide among the older population. The T2DM condition increases the risk of micro and macrovascular complications as well as the risk of geriatric syndromes such as falls, fractures and cognitive impairment. The management of T2DM in the older population represents a challenge for the clinician, and a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment should always be prioritized, in order to tailor the glycated hemoglobin target according to functional and cognitive status comorbidities, life expectancy and type of therapy. According to the most recent guidelines, older adults with T2DM should be categorized into three groups: healthy patients with good functional status, patients with complications and reduced functionality and patients at the end of life; for each group the target for glycemic control is different, also according to the type of treatment drug. The therapeutic approach should always begin with lifestyle changes; after that, several lines of therapy are available, with different mechanisms of action and potential effects other than glucose level reduction. Particular interest is growing in sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, due to their effect on the cardiovascular system. In this review, we evaluate the therapeutic options available for the treatment of older diabetic patients, to ensure a correct treatment approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geriatric Endocrinology: Lifestyle, Hormones and Physical Activity for Successful Aging)
13 pages, 486 KiB  
Review
Dance and Music for Improving Health among Patients with Breast Cancer and Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review
by Francesca Greco, Elisa Grazioli, Attilio Parisi, Emanuela A. Greco and Gian Pietro Emerenziani
Endocrines 2021, 2(4), 472-484; https://doi.org/10.3390/endocrines2040042 - 24 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3536
Abstract
Although a longer life may bring new opportunities for older people and society, advancing age is a leading risk factor for developing several chronic diseases, consequently limiting the health span. During the ageing process, changes in the activity of several endocrine glands may [...] Read more.
Although a longer life may bring new opportunities for older people and society, advancing age is a leading risk factor for developing several chronic diseases, consequently limiting the health span. During the ageing process, changes in the activity of several endocrine glands may occur, leading to different clinical conditions. Being physically active becomes fundamental for healthy ageing. Despite regular physical activity being shown to have many health benefits, patients with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases remain physically inactive. Over the past two decades, there has been a major increase in arts engagement (e.g., dance and music) on health and well-being in both clinical and non-clinical contexts. Dance and music have been shown to induce positive effects on hormonal glands, patients’ sociality, and self-confidence. Therefore, this review aims to highlight evidence regarding the effects of music and dance on hormonal responses and as preventive and compliance tools for heathy ageing in breast cancer and Parkinson’s disease patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geriatric Endocrinology: Lifestyle, Hormones and Physical Activity for Successful Aging)
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10 pages, 1216 KiB  
Review
Endocrinological and Nutritional Implications of Anorexia of Aging
by Alessio Molfino, Giovanni Imbimbo and Maurizio Muscaritoli
Endocrines 2021, 2(4), 439-448; https://doi.org/10.3390/endocrines2040039 - 26 Oct 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3446
Abstract
Poor appetite—known as anorexia—is a common condition in aging and is associated with poor outcomes, including reduced survival and impaired quality of life. The anorexia of aging is mainly the result of several complex endocrinological, metabolic, and nutritional changes occurring with later age. [...] Read more.
Poor appetite—known as anorexia—is a common condition in aging and is associated with poor outcomes, including reduced survival and impaired quality of life. The anorexia of aging is mainly the result of several complex endocrinological, metabolic, and nutritional changes occurring with later age. The modulation of different peptides and hormones has been identified as an important determinant for the development of low appetite; in particular, an altered imbalance of plasma ghrelin, leptin, and cholecystokinin and increased inflammatory markers are implicated in its pathophysiology, and robust evidence of their involvement in anorexia of aging has been produced in the clinical setting. More recently, researchers identified that the gut microbiome composition significantly varies according to the appetite status. Other important clinical factors may worsen the symptoms of the anorexia in the elderly, in particular the potential concomitant presence of chronic catabolic comorbidities. Importantly, data indicate that anorexia is prevalent in frail older adults, negatively impacting body composition and specifically in altering muscle mass and function. For all these reasons, a prompt and early diagnosis of anorexia in the elderly is crucial to implement personalized metabolic and nutrition interventions to improve the outcomes and ameliorate quality of life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geriatric Endocrinology: Lifestyle, Hormones and Physical Activity for Successful Aging)
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18 pages, 697 KiB  
Review
Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity for Successful Aging: An Update for Nutritionists and Endocrinologists
by Evelyn Frias-Toral, Sebastian Chapela, Maria de los Angeles Carignano, Dino Moretti, Andres Martinuzzi, Dolores Rodríguez-Veintimilla, Mery Guerrero, Gabriella Pugliese, Giovanna Muscogiuri and Luigi Barrea
Endocrines 2021, 2(4), 366-383; https://doi.org/10.3390/endocrines2040034 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4332
Abstract
The constant advancement in the medical field has allowed for the diagnosis and treatment of several health conditions. It has also contributed to increasing the average human lifespan, which is considered an outstanding achievement in history. Nevertheless, the impact of this in an [...] Read more.
The constant advancement in the medical field has allowed for the diagnosis and treatment of several health conditions. It has also contributed to increasing the average human lifespan, which is considered an outstanding achievement in history. Nevertheless, the impact of this in an ever-increasing aged population with chronic diseases and, most of the time, with limited and poor quality of life was not considered. Thus, it is imperative to establish strategies to age successfully. In order to do have a better understanding of this crucial issue, this review will analyze the endocrine changes in the elderly. It will present common conditions found in this population, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Additionally, we will explain aging-related metabolic and physical performance decline related to hormone changes and lifestyle modifications. We will propose the Mediterranean diet and some specific guidelines about physical activity as part of the plan to have an active and successful aging process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geriatric Endocrinology: Lifestyle, Hormones and Physical Activity for Successful Aging)
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