Use of Galactagogues and Perceptions of Breast Milk Supply among Breastfeeding Women ^†

Abstract

Perceived insufficient milk supply (PIM) is the most common reason for breastfeeding women to introduce formula before 6 months postpartum. Anecdotal evidence suggests that galactagogues (substances to enhance breast milk supply) are commonly used in Aotearoa New Zealand. The aim of this study is to investigate galactagogue use and its relationship to mother’s perceptions of their breast milk supply. Breastfeeding women with an infant aged 1–7 months old were invited to complete a survey that included a series of questions to evaluate PIM and other perceptions of their breast milk supply. Participants self-reported the use of galactagogues, including medications, herbs, and supplements as well as special foods. Women were also asked to keep 24 h breastfeeding records. Seventy-two women completed the survey. A total of 64% of the women (n = 46) used galactagogues, with 52% of them (n = 24) using more than one galactagogue. There were no differences between galactagogue users and non-users in terms of maternal age, education, parity, or breastfeeding frequency and total breastfeeding time over 24 h. Frequently used galactagogues were lactation cookies (n = 28), lactation teas (n = 10), and lactation blends (n = 7), and most of them were commercial products. Most of the participants perceived their milk as being in good quality and nutritious and that their infants were satisfied with the amount of breast milk received. However, 18% women (n = 13) reported PIM. Galactagogue use was not associated with PIM or other perceptions of breast milk supply. Interestingly, 59% of the women who thought they had sufficient milk used galactagogues. Galactagogues were widely used regardless of the women’s perceptions of their breast milk supply. Research in a sample including more women reporting PIM is required to understand how galactagogues are used in response to PIM.