Evaluation of Psychosomatic, Respiratory, and Neurocognitive Health in COVID-19 Survivors 12 Months after ICU Discharge
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Screening and Informed Consent
2.2. Study Procedure and Data Collection
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient Characteristics | Cases (N = 17) |
---|---|
Demographics | |
Male sex, N (%) | 13 (76.5) |
Age, years, mean (SD) | 60 (11.4) |
18–30 years, N (%) | 0 (0) |
31–45 years, N (%) | 2 (11.8) |
46–60 years, N (%) | 7 (41.2) |
61–75 years, N (%) | 8 (47) |
>75 years, N (%) | 0 (0) |
Weight, kg, mean (SD) | 90.8 (18) |
Height, cm, mean (SD) | 172.2 (7.3) |
Body mass index (BMI), kg/m2, mean (SD) | 30.5 (5.2) |
Years of primary and secondary education, mean (SD) | 11.4 (3.3) |
Personal medical history, N (%) | |
Any comorbidity | 13 (76.5) |
Hypertension | 9 (52.9) |
Cardiovascular disease | 1 (5.9) |
Chronic lung disease | 2 (11.8) |
Asthma | 2 (11.8) |
Dyslipidemia/statin use | 3 (17.6) |
Symptoms at COVID-19 onset, N (%) | |
Fever | 10 (58.8) |
Cough | 13 (76.5) |
Headache | 11 (64.7) |
Night sweats | 9 (52.9) |
Chills | 10 (58.8) |
Shivering | 10 (58.8) |
Myalgia | 8 (47.1) |
Joint pain | 8 (47.1) |
Dyspnea | 9 (52.9) |
Inspiratory chest pain | 10 (58.8) |
Retrosternal chest pain | 9 (52.9) |
Loss of appetite | 10 (58.8) |
Weight loss | 8 (47.1) |
Findings on lung CT scans at ICU admission, mean (SD) | |
Ground-glass opacity in % of normal lung | 39.0 (4.3) |
Crazy-paving in % of normal lung | 26.9 (5.8) |
Light consolidation in % of normal lung | 8.0 (4.1) |
Heavy consolidation in % of normal lung | 0.4 (0.2) |
Laboratory data at ICU admission, mean (SD) | |
Hemoglobin in g/L | 128.4 (18.2) |
Thrombocytes in g/L (109/L (giga/L)) | 271.1 (117.2) |
Troponin in ng/L (109 g/L (ng/L)) | 30.5 (49.7) |
NT-probnp in ng/L | 758.6 (615.7) |
Creatinine in μmol/L (106 mol/L (micromole/L)) | 73.2 (24.4) |
Bilirubin in μmol/L | 9.3 (6.1) |
Crp in mg/L | 208.1 (93.6) |
Leukocytes in g/L | 10.2 (3.6) |
interleukin-6 in pg/mL (1012 g/mL (picogram/mL)) | 103.9 (119.3) |
lymphocytes in g/L | 0.9 (0.5) |
D-dimers in ng/mL | 2045 (1384.5) |
Ldh in IU/L | 602.6 (224.8) |
Clinical scores, syndromes, and complications during ICU stay | |
Admission sofa (sequential organ failure assessment score) score (SD) | 5.8 (3.4) |
Discharge sofa score (SD) | 2.5 (0.9) |
Admission SAPS (simplified acute physiology score) II (SD) | 33.6 (12.7) |
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) more than 48 h after hospital admission, N (%) | 3 (17.6) |
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) at hospital admission or within 48h (other than COVID-19), N (%) | 2 (11.8) |
Acute confusional syndrome, N (%) | 5 (29.4) |
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), N (%) | 10 (58.8) |
Other complications (acute kidney/hepatic injury, septic shock), N (%) | 3 (17.6) |
Partial arterial oxygen pressure (PAO2) in mmhg (mean, SD) | 59.3 (8.0) |
Fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) in % (mean, SD) | 53.1 (18.4) |
Highest body temperature in °C (mean, SD) | 38.2 (0.8) |
ICU stay duration in days (mean, SD) | 13 (9.5) |
Hospital stay duration in days (mean, SD) | 23 (12.6) |
Intubation duration in mechanically ventilated patients in days (mean, SD) | 10 (4.1) |
ICU treatment, N (%) | |
Corticosteroid treatment | 15 (88.2) |
Noradrenalin treatment | 5 (29.4) |
Prophylactic LMW heparin | 12 (70.6) |
Low-flow oxygen treatment | 3 (17.6) |
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) | 5 (29.4) |
Mechanical ventilation | 7 (41.2) |
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) | 2 (11.8) |
Intubation | 9 (52.9) |
Prone position ventilation | 8 (47.1) |
Tracheostomy | 3 (17.6) |
Hemofiltration/hemodialysis | 0 (0) |
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Germann, N.; Amozova, D.; Göhl-Freyn, K.; Fischer, T.; Frischknecht, M.; Kleger, G.-R.; Pietsch, U.; Filipovic, M.; Brutsche, M.H.; Frauenfelder, T.; et al. Evaluation of Psychosomatic, Respiratory, and Neurocognitive Health in COVID-19 Survivors 12 Months after ICU Discharge. COVID 2024, 4, 1172-1185. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4080082
Germann N, Amozova D, Göhl-Freyn K, Fischer T, Frischknecht M, Kleger G-R, Pietsch U, Filipovic M, Brutsche MH, Frauenfelder T, et al. Evaluation of Psychosomatic, Respiratory, and Neurocognitive Health in COVID-19 Survivors 12 Months after ICU Discharge. COVID. 2024; 4(8):1172-1185. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4080082
Chicago/Turabian StyleGermann, Nicolas, Daria Amozova, Kristina Göhl-Freyn, Tim Fischer, Manuel Frischknecht, Gian-Reto Kleger, Urs Pietsch, Miodrag Filipovic, Martin H. Brutsche, Thomas Frauenfelder, and et al. 2024. "Evaluation of Psychosomatic, Respiratory, and Neurocognitive Health in COVID-19 Survivors 12 Months after ICU Discharge" COVID 4, no. 8: 1172-1185. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4080082