A Review on Thermal Energy Modelling for Optimal Microgrids Management
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- Reviewed the existing thermal energy modeling for microgrids, including the application of combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) and thermal comfort model to form virtual energy storage systems.
- Reviewed the most recent literature related to energy storage technology, materials for Thermal Energy Storage (TES) applications, and the contribution of electrical energy storage for grid applications.
- From the TES technology perspective, the key characteristics, parameters and models of the TES system to be considered when used in microgrids and multi-energy networks, and other emerging applications are discussed.
- From the energy system perspective, the opportunities and challenges of deploying thermal energy modeling applications on the optimal energy management of microgrids are discussed.
2. Thermal Energy Storage Systems and Performance Parameters
2.1. Thermal Energy Storage System Characteristics
- (1)
- Low cost: The thermal energy storage technology converts solar energy (or absorbs other thermal energy generated in industrial production), stores and releases it again, using inexhaustible solar energy or underutilized thermal energy generated in industrial production [24].
- (2)
- Long storage time: The storage time ranges to several months, which far exceeds the current solar energy storage time limit developed at home and abroad. As the storage is not affected by the weather, users can choose different storage periods and different storage methods according to their needs [24].
- (3)
- Wide application: Thermal energy storage technology stores and uses solar thermal energy and other thermal energy generated in industrial production, which is a substitute for all existing underground energy sources. Wherever existing thermal energy is used, whether for power generation, heating, or modern agricultural heating, and other fields that require thermal energy, thermal energy storage technology can replace all existing fossil energy sources which can generate electricity, heat, and meet any demand for thermal energy [24].
- (4)
- Conducive to environmental protection: In addition to the catalyst, there is no consumption of materials and none of the environmental cost attached to fossil energy, which truly realizes the win-win goal of energy use and environmental protection.
2.2. Thermal Energy Storage Technology Types
2.2.1. Technical Characteristics Comparison
2.2.2. Economic Analysis of Heat Storage Technology
2.2.3. Application Status of Heat Storage Technology
2.2.4. Development Trend of Heat Storage Technology
3. Modelling of Thermal Energy System in Microgrids
3.1. CCHP Systems Current Research and Development
3.2. Virtual Energy Storage System Current Research and Development
4. Energy Management of the TES Microgrid
4.1. TES Microgrid Energy Management Model
4.2. Optimization of TES Microgrid Energy Management
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Yan, M.; Wang, D.; Lai, C.S.; Lai, L.L. A Review on Thermal Energy Modelling for Optimal Microgrids Management. Thermo 2021, 1, 63-76. https://doi.org/10.3390/thermo1010006
Yan M, Wang D, Lai CS, Lai LL. A Review on Thermal Energy Modelling for Optimal Microgrids Management. Thermo. 2021; 1(1):63-76. https://doi.org/10.3390/thermo1010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan, Mengxuan, Dongxiao Wang, Chun Sing Lai, and Loi Lei Lai. 2021. "A Review on Thermal Energy Modelling for Optimal Microgrids Management" Thermo 1, no. 1: 63-76. https://doi.org/10.3390/thermo1010006