Fluorescence and Phosphorescence of Flavylium Cation Analogues of Anthocyanins
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Flavylium Cation | pKap | pKa | λmax | εmax |
---|---|---|---|---|
±0.1 | ±0.1 | nm | L mol−1 cm−1 | |
FL1 | - | - | 417 | 28,300 |
FL2 | - | 4.4 | 418 | 33,900 |
FL3 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 461 | 51,800 |
FL4 | 3.7 | 5.1 | 460 | 47,300 |
FL5 | 3.5 | 1st 4.2; 2nd 7.4 | 459 | 52,600 |
FL6 | 3.4 | - | 461 | 44,800 |
FL7 | - | 4.8 | 447 | 43,600 |
FL8 | - | - | 446 | 51,000 |
FL9 | - | 1st 4.9; 2nd 9.0 | 390 & 444 | 18,400 & 14,200 |
FL10 | - | 1st 5.2; 2nd 8.7 | 385 & 444 | 19,400 & 13,900 |
FL11 | - | 1st 4.2; 2nd 7.2 | 383 & 445 | 19,000 & 14,300 |
FL12 | - | 1st 4.7; 2nd 7.4 | 452 | 31,900 |
FL13 | 3.2 | - | 478 | 37,800 |
FL14 | 3.2 | - | 460 | 21,400 |
FL15 | - | 4.3 | 446 | 27,700 |
FL16 | - | - | 446 | 39,000 |
Dry CH3CN + 0.1 mol L−1 TFA, 20 °C | Isopropanol + 0.1 mol L−1 TFA, 77 K | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flavylium Cation | Φf | τf, ns | 10−7kf, s−1 | ES, eV a | ES, eV a | ET, eV b | ∆EST, eV | τT, s |
FL1 | 0.53 | 5.4 | 9.8 | 2.83 | 2.91 | 2.31 | 0.60 | 0.67 |
FL2 | 0.26 | 2.6 | 10 | 2.79 | 2.76 | 2.22 | 0.54 | 0.39 |
FL3 | 0.42 | 1.8 | 23 | 2.61 | 2.67 | 2.14 | 0.53 | 0.76 |
FL4 | 0.055 | 0.2 | 28 | 2.62 | 2.65 | 2.14 | 0.51 | 0.42 |
FL5 | 0.065 | 0.24 | 27 | 2.62 | 2.61 | 2.13 | 0.48 | 1.13 |
FL6 | 0.29 | 1.5 | 20 | 2.61 | 2.76 | 2.18 | 0.58 | 1.3 |
FL7 | 0.48 | 3.0 | 16 | 2.70 | 2.70 | 2.20 | 0.50 | 1.6 |
FL8 | 0.68 | 3.0 | 22 | 2.70 | 2.73 | 2.24 | 0.49 | 2.4 |
FL9 | 0.0013 | <0.2 | - | 2.41 c | 2.41 | 2.08 | 0.33 | 0.009 |
FL10 | 0.00075 | <0.2 | - | 2.41 c | 2.43 | 2.09 | 0.34 | 0.07 |
FL11 | 0.0011 | <0.2 | - | 2.56 | 2.42 | 2.14 | 0.28 | 0.15 |
FL12 | 0.005 | <0.2 | - | 2.55 | 2.52 | 2.15 | 0.37 | 0.35 |
FL13 | 0.0014 | <0.2 | - | 2.36 c | 2.57 | 1.96 | 0.61 | 0.30 |
FL14 | 0.76 | 2.2 | 34 | 2.61 | 2.72 | 2.14 | 0.58 | 0.08 |
FL15 | 0.79 | 2.8 | 28 | 2.70 | 2.71 | 2.17 | 0.54 | 0.11 |
FL16 | 1.00 | 2.7 | 37 | 2.70 | 2.79 | 2.20 | 0.59 | 0.09 |
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Silva, G.T.M.; Silva, C.P.; Silva, K.M.; Pioli, R.M.; Costa, T.S.; Marto, V.V.; Freitas, A.A.; Rozendo, J.; Martins, L.M.O.S.; Cavalcante, V.F.; et al. Fluorescence and Phosphorescence of Flavylium Cation Analogues of Anthocyanins. Photochem 2022, 2, 423-434. https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem2020029
Silva GTM, Silva CP, Silva KM, Pioli RM, Costa TS, Marto VV, Freitas AA, Rozendo J, Martins LMOS, Cavalcante VF, et al. Fluorescence and Phosphorescence of Flavylium Cation Analogues of Anthocyanins. Photochem. 2022; 2(2):423-434. https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem2020029
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilva, Gustavo T. M., Cassio P. Silva, Karen M. Silva, Renan M. Pioli, Tássia S. Costa, Vinícius V. Marto, Adilson A. Freitas, Jennifer Rozendo, Lucas M. O. S. Martins, Victor F. Cavalcante, and et al. 2022. "Fluorescence and Phosphorescence of Flavylium Cation Analogues of Anthocyanins" Photochem 2, no. 2: 423-434. https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem2020029