Taxonomy

8 pages, 1908 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

A New and Little-Known Species of the Ground Beetle Genus Nebria Subgenus Falcinebria Ledoux and Roux, 2005 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Japan

by Kôji Sasakawa

Taxonomy 2023, 3(4), 551-558; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy3040031 - 12 Dec 2023

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Abstract

This paper presents additional notes on the carabid genus Nebria subgenus Falcinebria Ledoux and Roux, 2005 from Japan: a description of a new species Nebria suzukana sp. nov. from Mt. Gozaishodake; a new distribution and the southwesternmost collection record of Nebria furcata Sasakawa, [...] Read more.

This paper presents additional notes on the carabid genus Nebria subgenus Falcinebria Ledoux and Roux, 2005 from Japan: a description of a new species Nebria suzukana sp. nov. from Mt. Gozaishodake; a new distribution and the southwesternmost collection record of Nebria furcata Sasakawa, 2020 from Mt. Uchimiyama; an additional record of Nebria kobushicola Sasakawa, 2023 from the Yatsugatake Mountains; and an additional record of an undetermined species from the Iide Mountains that was previously treated as Nebria taketoi Habu, 1962, with a note on its habitat. In addition, a key to the known species of Nebria (Falcinebria) from Honshu is provided. Full article

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23 pages, 8885 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Relationship between the Rhizothrichidae Por (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) and the Cletodoidea Bowman & Abele, Including the Establishment of a New Genus and the Description of a New Species

by Kai Horst George, Andreina Zey and Jana Packmor

Taxonomy 2023, 3(4), 528-550; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy3040030 - 9 Dec 2023

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Abstract

During expedition EMB-238 of RV EM BORGESE to the Fehmarn Belt (Baltic Sea, Germany) in 2020, specimens of a new species of the Rhizothrichidae Por (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida) were found. Currently, Rhizothrichidae enclose two genera: Rhizothrix Sars and Tryphoema Monard. The assignment of [...] Read more.

During expedition EMB-238 of RV EM BORGESE to the Fehmarn Belt (Baltic Sea, Germany) in 2020, specimens of a new species of the Rhizothrichidae Por (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida) were found. Currently, Rhizothrichidae enclose two genera: Rhizothrix Sars and Tryphoema Monard. The assignment of the new species is based on the following commonly derived characters: the formation of a strong spinulose (sub)apical element on the last segment of the female A1, and the formation of a long brush seta on the last exopodal and endopodal segments of the P1. The new species could not be assigned to either Rhizothrix or Tryphoema because it lacks their autapomorphies but presents exclusive derived characters, including the absence of the abexopodal seta on the A2 allobasis, the possession of only one seta on the endopods of P2–P4, and the fusion of the female P5 exopod and baseoendopod. Therefore, it is assigned to a new genus. Besides the species description, its phylogenetic position in the Rhizothrichidae as well as its possible relationship with Rhizothrix and Tryphoema are discussed. Furthermore, the affiliation of the Rhizothrichidae with the Cletodoidea is justified on the basis of 17 apomorphies. A key to the rhizothrichid genera is provided. Full article

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19 pages, 14552 KiB

Open AccessArticle

On the Tarantula Genus Xenesthis Simon, 1891, with Description of a New Species from Venezuela (Araneae: Theraphosidae)

by Danniella Sherwood, Ray Gabriel, Pedro Peñaherrera-R., Antonio D. Brescovit and Sylvia M. Lucas

Taxonomy 2023, 3(4), 509-527; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy3040029 - 1 Dec 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1774

Abstract

The type material of Xenesthis colombiana Simon, 1891, X. immanis Ausserer, 1875, and X. monstrosa Pocock, 1903, are redescribed, with additional specimens of X. colombiana recorded. A neotype is designated for Xenesthis intermedia Schiapelli and Gerschman, 1945, as the holotype is lost; the [...] Read more.

The type material of Xenesthis colombiana Simon, 1891, X. immanis Ausserer, 1875, and X. monstrosa Pocock, 1903, are redescribed, with additional specimens of X. colombiana recorded. A neotype is designated for Xenesthis intermedia Schiapelli and Gerschman, 1945, as the holotype is lost; the female is redescribed, and the male is described for the first time. A new species, Xenesthis avanzadora sp. nov., is described from Venezuela based on a holotype male. Full article

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13 pages, 4372 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Description of a Highly Modified Endemic Ground Beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from the Oceanic Island of Malpelo, Colombia

by Pierre Moret, Anderson Arenas-Clavijo and Mateo López-Victoria

Taxonomy 2023, 3(4), 496-508; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy3040028 - 22 Nov 2023

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Abstract

The oceanic island of Malpelo, 380 km west of the Colombian mainland, stands out from other islands of the Tropical Eastern Pacific by its harsh environment and depauperate flora and fauna, thus imposing strong selective pressure on the small number of invertebrates that [...] Read more.

The oceanic island of Malpelo, 380 km west of the Colombian mainland, stands out from other islands of the Tropical Eastern Pacific by its harsh environment and depauperate flora and fauna, thus imposing strong selective pressure on the small number of invertebrates that inhabit it. The endemic taxon described here, Dyscolus (Cacothrix) malpelensis, n. subgen., n. sp. (Carabidae, Platynini), is a remarkable example of adaptation to this unique ecosystem. The modifications of its body shape, including a tight coaptation of elytra and pronotum, might be a response to strong environmental constraints, from predation by lizards and land crabs to the absence of deep soil that forces the beetle to seek shelter in caves and rock crevices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity, Distribution and Zoogeography of Coleoptera)

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30 pages, 7688 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Pseudoscorpions of Israel: Annotated Checklist and Key, with New Records of Two Families (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones)

by Sharon Warburg, Shlomi Aharon, Igor Armiach Steinpress, Prashant P. Sharma, Danilo Harms and Efrat Gavish-Regev

Taxonomy 2023, 3(4), 466-495; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy3040027 - 24 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1143

Abstract

The location of Israel at the junction of three continents leads to a unique fauna of both Palearctic and Afrotropical zoogeographic origins. Following systematic revisions over the past sixty years and the discovery of new species, the only available key to the pseudoscorpions [...] Read more.

The location of Israel at the junction of three continents leads to a unique fauna of both Palearctic and Afrotropical zoogeographic origins. Following systematic revisions over the past sixty years and the discovery of new species, the only available key to the pseudoscorpions of Israel has become outdated. We provide here an up-to-date checklist of the pseudoscorpion species of Israel including distribution maps, and the first illustrated identification key of the Israeli fauna based on morphological characters. Prior to our study, this fauna comprised twelve families, 26 genera and 52 morphospecies, including several “subspecies”. We increase this number and list 61 pseudoscorpion morphospecies that belong to 28 genera and fourteen families. Most species are Palearctic and Mediterranean, and only a few are Afrotropical. Two families new to Israel are reported here for the first time: Syarinidae and Cheiridiidae. Both families are cosmopolitan and have representatives in the Mediterranean region. The putative new species are presented here at a genus level and will be described separately elsewhere. Full article

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14 pages, 14308 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Redefining the Taxonomic Boundaries of Genus Xanthomonas

by Kanika Bansal, Sanjeet Kumar, Anu Singh, Arushi Chaudhary and Prabhu B. Patil

Taxonomy 2023, 3(4), 452-465; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy3040026 - 9 Oct 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1586

Abstract

The genus Xanthomonas primarily comprises phytopathogenic species. By carrying out deep phylo-taxonogenomics, we recently reported that the genera Xylella, Stenotrophomonas, and Pseudoxanthomonas are misclassified and belong to the genus Xanthomonas. Considering the importance of Xanthomonas/Xylella as plant pathogens [...] Read more.

The genus Xanthomonas primarily comprises phytopathogenic species. By carrying out deep phylo-taxonogenomics, we recently reported that the genera Xylella, Stenotrophomonas, and Pseudoxanthomonas are misclassified and belong to the genus Xanthomonas. Considering the importance of Xanthomonas/Xylella as plant pathogens and to further determine the taxonomic and phylogenetic breadth of this genus, we extended our earlier study by including all the reported genera and families in the order. This investigation revealed that at least four more genera belong to the genus Xanthomonas, with a notable case being Lysobacter, after which the family and order are named. Similarly, our investigation also allowed us to reveal the expanded taxonomic breadth of the related genus Rhodanobacter. This finding of a major related genus that lacks plant pathogenic species will allow for taxonomy-based comparative studies. The phylo-taxonogenomic revelations were further supported by complete 16S rRNA-based sequence boundaries proposed for genus delineation. Accordingly, we propose a taxonomic revision of these major and closely related genera along with their constituent families within the order Lysobacteraceae (Xanthomonadaceae). The identification of a major related genus lacking plant pathogenic species will be important in investigating the origin and success of pathogenic species/lineages in the genus Xanthomonas. Full article

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Taxonomy, Volume 3, Issue 4 (December 2023) – 6 articles

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