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Environmental Sciences Proceedings
Volume 2
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Environmental Sciences Proceedings concluded publication with Volume 29, Issue 1. It has been succeeded by Environmental and Earth Sciences Proceedings, which has a revised scope and a new editorial direction and is now published here. To preserve historical data integrity, the information on this webpage is retained but will no longer be updated.
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Proceeding Paper

Pressure-Driven Simulation of Water Distribution Networks: Searching for Numerical Stability †

by
João Muranho
1,2,*,
Ana Ferreira
3,
Joaquim Sousa
2,4,
Abel Gomes
1,5 and
Alfeu Sá Marques
2,6
1
Departamento de Informática, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
2
INESC Coimbra, DEEC, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Polo II 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
3
Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, EST, U.T.C. Engenharia Civil, Av. do Empresário, 6000-767 Castelo Branco, Portugal
4
Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ISEC, Rua Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
5
Instituto de Telecomunicações, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
6
Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Luís Reis Santos, Polo II, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the 4th EWaS International Conference: Valuing the Water, Carbon, Ecological Footprints of Human Activities, Online, 24–27 June 2020.
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2020, 2(1), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2020002048
Published: 4 September 2020
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th EWaS International Conference: Valuing the Water, Carbon, Ecological Footprints of Human Activities)
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Abstract

EPANET uses a demand-driven approach to compute pressures and flows in the water distribution system. The demand-driven approach (DDA) assumes that the required demand is always fully satisfied no matter the existing pressure. In scenarios of pressure-deficient conditions the DDA results are not accurate, and a pressure-driven approach (PDA) is needed. Frequently, the PDA is accomplished by using equations that compute the available demand/leakage as a function of the current pressure. However, embedding such equations into the solver introduces convergence problems. This paper details the actions taken in WaterNetGen—an EPANET extension—to bring numerical stability to the pressure-driven solver, namely, by smoothing the pressure–demand/leakage relationship and the pump curve.
Keywords: demand-driven; EPANET; hydraulic solver; water leakage; pressure-driven; smooth functions; WaterNetGen demand-driven; EPANET; hydraulic solver; water leakage; pressure-driven; smooth functions; WaterNetGen

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MDPI and ACS Style

Muranho, J.; Ferreira, A.; Sousa, J.; Gomes, A.; Marques, A.S. Pressure-Driven Simulation of Water Distribution Networks: Searching for Numerical Stability. Environ. Sci. Proc. 2020, 2, 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2020002048

AMA Style

Muranho J, Ferreira A, Sousa J, Gomes A, Marques AS. Pressure-Driven Simulation of Water Distribution Networks: Searching for Numerical Stability. Environmental Sciences Proceedings. 2020; 2(1):48. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2020002048

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muranho, João, Ana Ferreira, Joaquim Sousa, Abel Gomes, and Alfeu Sá Marques. 2020. "Pressure-Driven Simulation of Water Distribution Networks: Searching for Numerical Stability" Environmental Sciences Proceedings 2, no. 1: 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2020002048

APA Style

Muranho, J., Ferreira, A., Sousa, J., Gomes, A., & Marques, A. S. (2020). Pressure-Driven Simulation of Water Distribution Networks: Searching for Numerical Stability. Environmental Sciences Proceedings, 2(1), 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2020002048

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