Assessment of Work-Hardening Behavior of Sheet Metal Materials Using Meso- and Macro-Scale Specimens †
by
, ,
Daniel J. Cruz
1,*
,
André F. G. Pereira
2,
Vasco M. Simões
2,
Rui L. Amaral
1,
Abel D. Santos
3 and
Marta C. Oliveira
2 1
INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, R. Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
2
Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
3
Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the Materiais 2022, Marinha Grande, Portugal, 10–13 April 2022.
Mater. Proc. 2022, 8(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008023
Published: 23 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of MATERIAIS 2022)
The increasing use of lighter metallic materials, in combination with the complexity of the components to be produced, has presented new challenges for the sheet-metal-forming industry, such as the need for wider and better material characterization. The forming processes of these materials involve operations where the material is subjected to tensile or compressive stresses, which may be applied in alternating combinations.
This study considers an experimental procedure to accurately capture the mechanical hardening behavior of sheet metal materials [1]. An experimental test device was developed to perform tension and compression tests, with reverse loadings in meso-scale specimens. This scale has two main advantages: (1) it reduces buckling during compression (compared to standard tensile test specimens) and, consequently, (2) it enables the characterization of the mechanical behavior under reverse tension-compression strain path changes. The main challenge of the current methodology is related to the small size of the specimens, with 2 × 2 mm gauge area, especially in the measurement of the strain field distribution using the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. Two different classes of sheet metal materials were tested, namely a DP600 and AA5754-H11, with a thickness of 0.8 mm and 1 mm, respectively [2].
The monotonic tensile test results using miniaturized specimens showed good agreement with the standard tensile test (macro specimens), indicating that meso-specimens can be used to assess material characterization behavior.
Additionally, it was observed that the strain values in compression were adequate to evaluate the tension-compression asymmetry, thus indicating that the developed system has good potential for the extended characterization of metallic sheets.
Author Contributions
Methodology, D.J.C., R.L.A. and A.D.S.; formal analysis, A.F.G.P.; investigation, D.J.C. and V.M.S.; data curation, A.F.G.P.; writing—original draft preparation, D.J.C.; writing—review and editing, V.M.S. and A.F.G.P.; visualization, R.L.A. and M.C.O.; supervision, A.D.S. and M.C.O. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Funding
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the projects POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030592 (PTDC/EME-EME/30592/2017), POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031243 (PTDC/EME-EME /31243/2017) and UIDB/00285/2020 financed by the Operational Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization, in its FEDER/FNR component, and the Portuguese Foundation of Science and Technology (FCT), in its State Budget component (OE).
Institutional Review Board Statement
Not applicable.
Informed Consent Statement
Not applicable.
Data Availability Statement
Not applicable.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
References
- Cruz, D.J.; Shamchi, S.P.; Santos, A.D.; Amaral, R.L.; Tavares, P.J.; Moreira, P.M.G.P. Development of a mini-tensile approach for sheet metal testing using Digital Image Correlation. Procedia Struct. Integr. 2020, 25, 316–323. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pereira, A.F.G.; Prates, P.A.; Oliveira, M.C.; Fernandes, J.V. Normal stress components during shear tests of metal sheets. Int. J. Mech. Sci. 2019, 164, 105169. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
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MDPI and ACS Style
Cruz, D.J.; Pereira, A.F.G.; Simões, V.M.; Amaral, R.L.; Santos, A.D.; Oliveira, M.C. Assessment of Work-Hardening Behavior of Sheet Metal Materials Using Meso- and Macro-Scale Specimens. Mater. Proc. 2022, 8, 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008023
AMA Style
Cruz DJ, Pereira AFG, Simões VM, Amaral RL, Santos AD, Oliveira MC. Assessment of Work-Hardening Behavior of Sheet Metal Materials Using Meso- and Macro-Scale Specimens. Materials Proceedings. 2022; 8(1):23. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008023
Chicago/Turabian StyleCruz, Daniel J., André F. G. Pereira, Vasco M. Simões, Rui L. Amaral, Abel D. Santos, and Marta C. Oliveira. 2022. "Assessment of Work-Hardening Behavior of Sheet Metal Materials Using Meso- and Macro-Scale Specimens" Materials Proceedings 8, no. 1: 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008023
