A Preliminary Study for Isometric, Isotonic, and Isokinetic Relationships in Vertical Drop Jumps at Heights on the Beam †
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Methodology
3.1. Subjects
3.2. Validation System and Video Calibration in Kinovea Software
3.3. Experimental Set-Up
3.4. Experimental Protocols
3.5. Motion Tracking Using Kinovea
3.6. Angle Measurement
3.7. Statistical Analysis
4. Result and Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Dependent Variable: Knee Angle | 95% Confidence Interval (Degree) | p-Value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Drop Jump | Phase | Muscle Contractions | Knee Angle (Mean ± SD) (Degree) | Lower Bound | Upper Bound | |||
Forward Drop Jump | 1 | Heel Up | Isometric | 157.4 ± 11.1 | 117.04 ± 14.64 | 151.681 | 163.039 | 0.0001 |
2 | Squat | Isotonic | 72.7 ± 8.7 | 66.998 | 78.357 | |||
3 | Push Of | Isokinetic | 77.4 ± 11.3 | 71.684 | 83.042 | |||
4 | Jump | Isokinetic | 131.9 ± 19.8 | 126.209 | 137.568 | |||
5 | Landing | Isokinetic | 155.3 ± 15.0 | 149.571 | 160.930 | |||
6 | Second Squat | Isotonic | 70.1 ± 18.6 | 64.427 | 75.786 | |||
7 | Second Push Of | Isotonic | 108.6 ± 16.0 | 102.879 | 114.238 | |||
8 | Second Jump | Isotonic | 139.6 ± 16.7 | 133.884 | 145.243 | |||
9 | Second Landing | Isometric | 140.6 ± 14.6 | 134.946 | 146.304 | |||
Backward Drop Jump | 1 | Heel Up | Isometric | 163.4 ± 8.0 | 127.65 ± 10.19 | 157.701 | 169.059 | 0.0001 |
2 | Squat | Isotonic | 88.8 ± 7.4 | 83.128 | 94.486 | |||
3 | Push Of | Isokinetic | 136.9 ± 12.1 | 131.255 | 142.613 | |||
4 | Jump | Isokinetic | 142.7 ± 9.9 | 137.037 | 148.396 | |||
5 | Landing | Isokinetic | 153.4 ± 12.8 | 147.765 | 159.124 | |||
6 | Second Squat | Isotonic | 69.4 ± 9.3 | 63.683 | 75.041 | |||
7 | Second Push Of | Isotonic | 111.6 ± 11.4 | 105.898 | 117.257 | |||
8 | Second Jump | Isotonic | 133.2 ± 8.8 | 127.487 | 138.846 | |||
9 | Second Landing | Isometric | 149.4 ± 12.0 | 143.759 | 155.118 |
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Herdiman, L.; Purnama, H.C. A Preliminary Study for Isometric, Isotonic, and Isokinetic Relationships in Vertical Drop Jumps at Heights on the Beam. Eng. Proc. 2025, 84, 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025084078
Herdiman L, Purnama HC. A Preliminary Study for Isometric, Isotonic, and Isokinetic Relationships in Vertical Drop Jumps at Heights on the Beam. Engineering Proceedings. 2025; 84(1):78. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025084078
Chicago/Turabian StyleHerdiman, Lobes, and Hendrawan Candra Purnama. 2025. "A Preliminary Study for Isometric, Isotonic, and Isokinetic Relationships in Vertical Drop Jumps at Heights on the Beam" Engineering Proceedings 84, no. 1: 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025084078
APA StyleHerdiman, L., & Purnama, H. C. (2025). A Preliminary Study for Isometric, Isotonic, and Isokinetic Relationships in Vertical Drop Jumps at Heights on the Beam. Engineering Proceedings, 84(1), 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025084078