Knowledge, Propensity and Hesitancy among Pregnant Women in the Post-Pandemic Phase Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination: A Prevalence Survey in Southern Italy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N | % | |
---|---|---|
Mean age± SD | 30.91 ± SD 5.42 | |
Employment | ||
Public employee | 21 | 16.5 |
Private Employee | 48 | 37.8 |
Housewife | 33 | 26 |
Other | 4 | 3.1 |
Freelance | 21 | 16.5 |
Educational attainment | ||
Less than 8 years | 14 | 11 |
More than 8 years | 113 | 89 |
Living in… | ||
Suburbs | 81 | 63.8 |
Center | 46 | 36.2 |
Gestational age | ||
1st | 12 | 9.6 |
2nd | 28 | 22.4 |
3rd | 85 | 68 |
Level of COVID-19 vaccine received | ||
No doses | 14 | 11 |
1st dose | 6 | 4.7 |
2nd dose | 49 | 38.6 |
3rd dose | 58 | 45.7 |
Certainly Not % (n) | Probably No % (n) | Maybe Yes Maybe No % (n) | Probably Yes % (n) | Yes of Course % (n) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Protect myself from infection | 9.2 (11) | 14.1 (17) | 13.3 (16) | 27.3 (33) | 30.8 (37) |
Transmission of maternal immunity to my children | 5.7 (7) | 16.9 (21) | 16.3 (20) | 21.1 (26) | 39 (48) |
Availability of free vaccination | 8.1 (10) ^ | 7.4 (9) | 15.4 (19) | 36.6 (45) | 32.5 (40) |
Accessibility of vaccination center to get vaccine | 4.1 (5) | 15.6 (19) | 9.8 (12) | 24.6 (30) | 45.9 (56) |
Recommendation from my own gynecologist | 1.8 (2) | 5.3 (6) | 15.9 (18) | 40.7 (46) | 36.3 (41) |
Recommendation from my own obstetric | 4.5 (5) | 3.6 (4) | 20.5 (23) | 39.3 (44) | 32.1 (36) |
It gives more benefits rather than risk | 1.8 (2) | 4.4 (5) | 29.2 (33) | 30.1 (34) | 34.5 (39) |
It is a social liability | 1.8 (2) | 1.8 (2) | 22.1 (25) | 28.3 (32) | 46 (52) |
I would like to get COVID-19 vaccine | 9.2 (11) | 14.1 (17) | 13.3 (16) | 27.3 (33) | 30.8 (37) |
I would like propose vaccination to my friends and relatives | 8.1 (10) ^ | 7.4 (9) | 15.4 (19) | 36.6 (45) | 32.5 (40) |
Certainly Not % (n) | Probably No % (n) | Maybe Yes Maybe No % (n) | Probably Yes % (n) | Yes of Course % (n) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
I am in the 1st trimester of pregnancy ^ | 39.4 (13) | 30.3 (10) | 3 (1) | 21.2 (7) | 6.1 (2) |
Difficult access to vaccination center^ | 33.3 (12) | 41.7 (15) | 16.7 (6) | 5.6 (2) | 2.8 (1) |
Inefficacy or defective of vaccine ^ | 21.1 (8) | 18.4 (7) | 21.1 (8) | 23.7 (9) | 15.8 (6) |
The clinical trials did not include pregnant and breastfeeding women ^ | 5.3 (2) | 21.1 (8) | 26.3 (10) | 26.3 (10) | 21.1 (8) |
I think that there is an effect on my own child through breastfeeding ^ | 7.9 (3) | 31.6 (12) | 18.4 (7) | 28.9 (11) | 13.2 (5) |
The vaccine was promoted for financial reasons by pharmaceutical companies ^ | 27 (10) | 18.9 (7) | 13.5 (5) | 18.9 (7) | 21.6 (8) |
I prefer to get natural immunity rather than to get vaccine ^ | 5.7 (7) | 16.9 (21) | 16.3 (20) | 21.1 (26) | 39 (48) |
I would like to get vaccine after the evaluation of side effects in pregnancy women and breastfeeding ^ | 4.1 (5) | 15.6 (19) | 9.8 (12) | 24.6 (30) | 45.9 (56) |
Age | p Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
18–24 | 25–34 | >35 | |||
Knowledge Score | 1 (1;1) | 3 (1;3) | 3 (2;3) | 0.001 | |
Propensity Score | 12(10;16) | 19 (11;21) | 20 (17;22) | 0.003 | |
Hesitancy Score | 4 (4;8) | 4 (2;4) | 4 (1;4) | 0.073 | |
Educational degree | |||||
Less than 8 years | More than 8 years | ||||
Knowledge Score | 1 (1;2) | 3 (1;3) | 0.005 | ||
Propensity Score | 11 (2;12) | 20 (14;21) | 0.001 | ||
Hesitancy Score | 6 (3;14) | 4 (2;4) | 0.066 | ||
COVID-19 vaccination status | |||||
Vaccinated | Not vaccinated | ||||
Knowledge Score | 1 (1;2) | 4 (2;4) | 0.001 | ||
Propensity Score | 20 (16;21) | 3.5 (0.5;6.5) | 0.001 | ||
Hesitancy Score | 4 (2;4) | 11.5 (6;14) | 0.001 | ||
Gestational age | |||||
1st trimester | 2nd trimester | 3rd trimester | |||
Knowledge Score | 3 (1;3.50) | 3 (1;3) | 2 (1;3) | 0.664 | |
Propensity Score | 15.50 (11;19.50) | 20 (11;21) | 19 (11;21) | 0.535 | |
Hesitancy Score | 4 (2;6) | 4 (1;10) | 4 (3;4) | 0.823 | |
Comorbidities | |||||
Yes | No | ||||
Knowledge Score | 3 (1;3) | 3 (1;3) | 0.847 | ||
Propensity Score | 18 (10.50;20) | 20 (12;21) | 0.401 | ||
Hesitancy Score | 3 (2;4) | 4 (3;4) | 0.172 |
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Genovese, C.; Biondo, C.A.; Rizzo, C.; Cortese, R.; La Spina, I.; Tripodi, P.; Romeo, B.; La Fauci, V.; Trimarchi, G.; Prete, V.L.; et al. Knowledge, Propensity and Hesitancy among Pregnant Women in the Post-Pandemic Phase Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination: A Prevalence Survey in Southern Italy. Women 2023, 3, 374-384. https://doi.org/10.3390/women3030028
Genovese C, Biondo CA, Rizzo C, Cortese R, La Spina I, Tripodi P, Romeo B, La Fauci V, Trimarchi G, Prete VL, et al. Knowledge, Propensity and Hesitancy among Pregnant Women in the Post-Pandemic Phase Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination: A Prevalence Survey in Southern Italy. Women. 2023; 3(3):374-384. https://doi.org/10.3390/women3030028
Chicago/Turabian StyleGenovese, Cristina, Carmela Alessia Biondo, Caterina Rizzo, Rosaria Cortese, Isabella La Spina, Paola Tripodi, Bruno Romeo, Vincenza La Fauci, Giuseppe Trimarchi, Vanessa Lo Prete, and et al. 2023. "Knowledge, Propensity and Hesitancy among Pregnant Women in the Post-Pandemic Phase Regarding COVID-19 Vaccination: A Prevalence Survey in Southern Italy" Women 3, no. 3: 374-384. https://doi.org/10.3390/women3030028