Design and Implementation of a Versatile OpenHAB IoT Testbed with a Variety of Wireless Interfaces and Sensors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Background
3. OpenHAB Platform
3.1. Persistence
3.2. REST API
3.3. Functionalities
- Rule engine: The openHAB platform provides a powerful rule engine that allows for the automation of various actions based on the status of different devices and sensors. For example, if a motion sensor is triggered, the rule engine can automatically turn on the lights in the room.
- User interface: The platform provides a user-friendly web interface that can be used to monitor and control different devices and sensors. The interface can be accessed from a web browser or mobile app.
- Integration with third-party services: The platform can be easily integrated with third-party services such as IFTTT, Amazon Alexa, and Google Assistant. This allows for voice control and other advanced functionalities.
- Flexibility: The openHAB platform is highly flexible and can be customized to meet the needs of different applications. It provides support for various protocols such as MQTT, Z-Wave, ZigBee, and others.
- Add-ons: The platform provides a wide range of add-ons that can be used to extend its functionalities. These add-ons include bindings for different devices and sensors, as well as user interfaces and rule templates.
3.4. Security Features
3.5. Platforms Comparison
4. Description of the Testbed
5. Basic Testing
6. Results
6.1. Wireless Interfaces
- The Z-Wave interface demonstrated a range of up to 30 m in an open space environment, with successful transmission of motion sensor data to the Z-Wave controller at distances up to 25 m.
- The ZigBee interface demonstrated a range of up to 50 m in an open space environment, with successful transmission of temperature sensor data to the ZigBee coordinator at distances up to 40 m.
- The Wi-Fi and 4G-LTE interfaces showed high reliability, with a packet delivery success rate of 99% for both interfaces.
- The IR interface demonstrated reliable transmission and reception of commands between the remote control and IR receiver within a range of 10 m.
6.2. Case Study: A Day in the Testbed
7. Conclusions
8. Further Work
- Expansion of sensor types: Additional sensors, such as gas sensors or sound sensors, could be added to further expand the capabilities of the testbed and enable more complex scenarios [35].
- Integration with machine learning techniques: Machine learning techniques, such as anomaly detection or predictive analytics, could be used to analyze the data collected from the testbed and derive insights that could be used to optimize the performance of the system. Several studies have shown the potential of machine learning in smart building energy management [36]. By applying these techniques to the data collected by the testbed, we can develop more accurate and efficient algorithms for controlling heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, as well as other building systems.
- Real-world testing: While the basic testing presented in this paper provides a solid foundation, more extensive testing and field trials (at least one year) in additional real-world scenarios could provide valuable insights into the system’s performance [37].
- Security testing: As IoT systems become more prevalent, security becomes an increasingly important concern and the use of open-source platforms can introduce unique security challenges. As highlighted in the survey conducted by [38], security is a key aspect of IoT platforms and is often prioritized in open-source solutions due to the high degree of community involvement and code transparency. In this work, we have addressed these security concerns by adopting the open-source platform openHAB and implementing various security features, such as authentication and encryption protocols. However, we also acknowledge that the adoption of open-source tools and libraries can introduce potential challenges and pitfalls. Future work could involve conducting security testing to identify potential vulnerabilities and mitigate them [39,40].
- Integration with cloud services: Integrating the testbed with cloud services, such as Amazon Web Services or Microsoft Azure, could further enhance the capabilities of the system and enable more complex scenarios [41].
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sensor/Actuator | Qty | Manufacturer/Technology | Units | Range | Accuracy | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Motion | 7 | Aeotec | Z-Wave | - | 5 m | - |
Bitron | ZigBee | - | ~5 m | - | ||
Tuya | ZigBee | - | 12 m | - | ||
Temperature | 8 | Aeotec | Z-Wave | °C/°F | −10 °C to 50 °C 14 °F to 122 °F | ±1.6 °C ±3 °F |
Lupus | ZigBee | −10 °C to 50 °C | ±0.3 °C | |||
Tuya | ZigBee | −10 °C to 60 °C | N/A | |||
Govee | Wi-Fi | −20 °C to 60 °C −4 °F to 140 °F | ±0.3 °C ±0.54 °F | |||
Luminance | 4 | Aeotec | Z-Wave | LUX | 0 LUX to 30,000 LUX | N/A |
Tuya | ZigBee | LUX | 0 LUX to 1000 LUX | N/A | ||
Humidity | 5 | Aeotec | Z-Wave | RH | 20% RH to 80% RH | ±6% RH (at 25 °C/77°F) |
Tuya | ZigBee | 10% RH to 100% RH | N/A | |||
Govee | Wi-Fi | 10% RH to 100% RH | ±3% RH | |||
Vibration | 2 | Aeotec | Z-Wave | - | - | - |
UV | 2 | Aeotec | Z-Wave | LUX | 0 LUX to 30,000 LUX | N/A |
Energy Consumption | 4 | Aeotec | Z-Wave | Watt | 0 W to 2300 W | ±3 W (≤300 W) ±1% (>300 W) |
Qubino | Z-Wave | 0 W to 12,800 W | ±2 W | |||
Fibaro | Z-Wave | 0 W to 2500 W | N/A | |||
Xiaomi | Wi-Fi | 0 W to 1800 W | N/A | |||
IR bridge (for IR-enabled devices) | 5 | Intesis | Wi-Fi | - | - | - |
Nedis | Wi-Fi | - | - | - | ||
MCO Home | Z-Wave | - | - | - | ||
Remotec | Z-Wave | - | - | - | ||
Alternative Internet Connection | 1 | Teltonika | 4G-LTE | - | - | - |
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Tsakalidis, S.; Tsoulos, G.; Kontaxis, D.; Athanasiadou, G. Design and Implementation of a Versatile OpenHAB IoT Testbed with a Variety of Wireless Interfaces and Sensors. Telecom 2023, 4, 597-610. https://doi.org/10.3390/telecom4030026
Tsakalidis S, Tsoulos G, Kontaxis D, Athanasiadou G. Design and Implementation of a Versatile OpenHAB IoT Testbed with a Variety of Wireless Interfaces and Sensors. Telecom. 2023; 4(3):597-610. https://doi.org/10.3390/telecom4030026
Chicago/Turabian StyleTsakalidis, Sotirios, George Tsoulos, Dimitrios Kontaxis, and Georgia Athanasiadou. 2023. "Design and Implementation of a Versatile OpenHAB IoT Testbed with a Variety of Wireless Interfaces and Sensors" Telecom 4, no. 3: 597-610. https://doi.org/10.3390/telecom4030026