Coping with COVID-19 Pandemic and Sustained Health Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Sampling
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Measures
2.3.1. Sustained Health Behavior
2.3.2. Coping with COVID-19-Related Stress
2.3.3. Covariates
2.3.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Strengths and Limitations
4.2. Implications of the Study Findings
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Frequency (%) |
---|---|
Age (M ± SD) | 35 ± 9.0 |
Gender | |
Male | 154 (58.6) |
Female | 109 (41.4) |
Education level | |
Secondary/higher secondary | 39 (14.9) |
Undergraduate/Graduate | 214 (81.1) |
Postgraduate | 9 (3.4) |
Handwashing | |
Yes | 252 (96.2) |
No | 10 (3.8) |
Wearing mask | |
Yes | 240 (91.3) |
No | 23 (8.7) |
Physical distancing | |
Yes | 103 (39.2) |
No | 160 (60.8) |
COVID-19 status | |
Yes | 74 (28.1) |
No | 127 (48.3) |
Missing | 62 (23.7) |
Sustained health behavior | |
Yes | 129 (49.0) |
No | 134 (51.0) |
Items | Factor | |
---|---|---|
1 | 2 | |
Can focus | 0.76 | 0.18 |
Feel supported at work | 0.75 | 0.01 |
Can remember things | 0.71 | 0.04 |
Can enjoy things | 0.68 | 0.20 |
Feel calm | 0.61 | 0.19 |
Feel like coping | 0.60 | −0.17 |
Feel tired | 0.14 | 0.78 |
Feel worried | −0.05 | 0.77 |
Worried about mental health | 0.19 | 0.77 |
Feel uncertain | −0.06 | 0.74 |
Feel angry | 0.05 | 0.72 |
Feel confused | 0.19 | 0.71 |
Scale and Sub-Scales | n | Mean | SD | Cronbach α |
---|---|---|---|---|
Coping with COVID-19 | 256 | −0.25 | 1.07 | 0.81 |
Positive coping with COVID-19 | 254 | 10.97 | 4.52 | 0.78 |
Negative coping with COVID-19 | 258 | −12.36 | 5.83 | 0.84 |
Background Variables | Sustained Health Behavior | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | ||
Age, years (M ± SD) | 34.65 ± 7.9 | 35.60 ± 10.0 | 0.39 |
Gender, n (%) | 0.03 | ||
Male | 84 (65.1) | 70 (52.2) | |
Female | 45 (34.9) | 64 (47.8) | |
Education level, n (%) | 0.002 | ||
Secondary/higher secondary | 9 (7.0) | 30 (22.6) | |
Undergraduate/graduate | 113 (87.6) | 101 (75.9) | |
Postgraduate | 7 (5.4) | 2 (1.5) | |
COVID-19 status, n (%) | 0.85 | ||
Yes | 60 (62.5) | 67 (63.8) | |
No | 36 (37.5) | 38 (36.2) | |
Positive coping (M ± SD) | 1.82 ± 0.7 | 1.87 ± 0.7 | 0.58 |
Negative coping (M ± SD) | −2.10 ± 0.8 | −1.86 ± 0.9 | 0.02 |
Coping with COVID-19 (M ± SD) | −0.31 ± 1.1 | −0.01 ± 1.2 | 0.04 |
Variable | Unadjusted Analysis | Adjusted Analysis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SE | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | SE | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
Coping with COVID-19 | 0.11 | 0.80 (0.65–0.98) | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.68 (0.54–0.87) | 0.002 |
Gender | 0.30 | 0.65 (0.36–1.17) | 0.15 | |||
Education | 0.33 | 2.68 (1.40–5.11) | 0.003 | |||
Overall model | R2 = 0.03, χ2 = 4.45, p = 0.03 | R2 = 0.22, χ2 = 24.57, p < 0.001 |
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Sizear, M.I.; Macassa, G.; Chowdhury, M.R.K.; Rashid, M. Coping with COVID-19 Pandemic and Sustained Health Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh. Epidemiologia 2023, 4, 85-93. https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia4010009
Sizear MI, Macassa G, Chowdhury MRK, Rashid M. Coping with COVID-19 Pandemic and Sustained Health Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh. Epidemiologia. 2023; 4(1):85-93. https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia4010009
Chicago/Turabian StyleSizear, Monaemul Islam, Gloria Macassa, Mohammad Rocky Khan Chowdhury, and Mamunur Rashid. 2023. "Coping with COVID-19 Pandemic and Sustained Health Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh" Epidemiologia 4, no. 1: 85-93. https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia4010009
APA StyleSizear, M. I., Macassa, G., Chowdhury, M. R. K., & Rashid, M. (2023). Coping with COVID-19 Pandemic and Sustained Health Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh. Epidemiologia, 4(1), 85-93. https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia4010009