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Article

Rural and Urban Population Differences in the Association of Dietary Calcium with Blood Pressure and Hypertension Occurrence: Analysis of Longitudinal Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

by
Victorine-Raïssa Ngo Nkondjock
1,*,
Ying Li
1,*,
Cheteu Wabo Thérèse Martin
1 and
Alariqi Reem
2
1
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China
2
Department of Pathogenbiology, the National Key Discipline, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J 2020, 3(1), 90-99; https://doi.org/10.3390/j3010009
Submission received: 23 January 2020 / Revised: 24 February 2020 / Accepted: 26 February 2020 / Published: 5 March 2020
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Abstract

The relationship of dietary calcium intake (DCI) to blood pressure (BP) and hypertension occurrence (HTN) in the general population is controversial. Few studies have reported the impact of DCI on high blood pressure (HBP) and HTN in rural and urban populations (RPs and UPs, respectively). In this study, we assessed how DCI is related to BP and HTN among the RP and the UP. This retrospective study used data from the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) for 2000–2009. We analyzed 12,052 records from 3013 participants using path analysis and logistic regressions. DCI and HTN were significantly higher in the UP compared to the RP. When UPs and RPs were analyzed together, a 1 unit increase in DCI decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 0.01 (p = 0.002) but had no effect on diastolic blood pressure. Males vs. females from the RP presented significant risk of HTN by the high DCI (OR = 2.3 (1.6–3.6)). DCI and its association with BP varied based on living environment and sex.
Keywords: dietary calcium intake; blood pressure; hypertension occurrence; rural and urban populations dietary calcium intake; blood pressure; hypertension occurrence; rural and urban populations

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ngo Nkondjock, V.-R.; Li, Y.; Thérèse Martin, C.W.; Reem, A. Rural and Urban Population Differences in the Association of Dietary Calcium with Blood Pressure and Hypertension Occurrence: Analysis of Longitudinal Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. J 2020, 3, 90-99. https://doi.org/10.3390/j3010009

AMA Style

Ngo Nkondjock V-R, Li Y, Thérèse Martin CW, Reem A. Rural and Urban Population Differences in the Association of Dietary Calcium with Blood Pressure and Hypertension Occurrence: Analysis of Longitudinal Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. J. 2020; 3(1):90-99. https://doi.org/10.3390/j3010009

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ngo Nkondjock, Victorine-Raïssa, Ying Li, Cheteu Wabo Thérèse Martin, and Alariqi Reem. 2020. "Rural and Urban Population Differences in the Association of Dietary Calcium with Blood Pressure and Hypertension Occurrence: Analysis of Longitudinal Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey" J 3, no. 1: 90-99. https://doi.org/10.3390/j3010009

APA Style

Ngo Nkondjock, V.-R., Li, Y., Thérèse Martin, C. W., & Reem, A. (2020). Rural and Urban Population Differences in the Association of Dietary Calcium with Blood Pressure and Hypertension Occurrence: Analysis of Longitudinal Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. J, 3(1), 90-99. https://doi.org/10.3390/j3010009

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