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Case Report

Catatonia in a Possible Case of Moderate Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report

by
Daniel Ungureanu
1,2,3,
Patricia-Ștefania Mitrea
4,
Silvina Iluț
5,*,
Aurora Taloș
6 and
Cătălina-Angela Crișan
7,8
1
Department Pharmacy I, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
“Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță” Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Department Pharmacy II, Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 12 Ion Creangă Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
4
Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 23 Iuliu Moldovan Street, 400003 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
5
Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
6
Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
7
Department of Neurosciences, Discipline of Psychiatry and Pediatric Psychiatry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 43 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
8
First Psychiatric Clinic, Cluj County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 43 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Reports 2025, 8(3), 134; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports8030134
Submission received: 24 June 2025 / Revised: 22 July 2025 / Accepted: 31 July 2025 / Published: 2 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Mental Health)
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Abstract

Background and Clinical Significance: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening condition usually caused by the exposure to antipsychotics. This case report presents a catatonia syndrome that may have developed in the context of a moderate NMS. Case Presentation: An 18-year-old male patient presented with a treatment-resistant catatonia syndrome that debuted 2 weeks prior to the presentation (creatin kinase levels = 4908 U/L, maximum temperature = 38.9°C, white blood count = 13.20 × 109/L, Bush–Francis Catatonia Rating Scale = 30 points). Possible organic causes of catatonia were ruled out, according to the negative results obtained. The patient’s condition improved under benzodiazepine treatment and he was later discharged. After discharge, the catatonia was attributed to a possible NMS with moderate severity. The diagnosis was supported by NMS Diagnosis Criteria Score = 85 points and the presence of Levenson’s triad. Conclusions: This case highlights the concomitant manifestation of both catatonia and NMS in the same patient and the difficulty of establishing a correct diagnosis involving both entities.
Keywords: catatonia; neuroleptic malignant syndrome; antipsychotics; benzodiazepines; autoimmune encephalitis catatonia; neuroleptic malignant syndrome; antipsychotics; benzodiazepines; autoimmune encephalitis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ungureanu, D.; Mitrea, P.-Ș.; Iluț, S.; Taloș, A.; Crișan, C.-A. Catatonia in a Possible Case of Moderate Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report. Reports 2025, 8, 134. https://doi.org/10.3390/reports8030134

AMA Style

Ungureanu D, Mitrea P-Ș, Iluț S, Taloș A, Crișan C-A. Catatonia in a Possible Case of Moderate Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report. Reports. 2025; 8(3):134. https://doi.org/10.3390/reports8030134

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ungureanu, Daniel, Patricia-Ștefania Mitrea, Silvina Iluț, Aurora Taloș, and Cătălina-Angela Crișan. 2025. "Catatonia in a Possible Case of Moderate Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report" Reports 8, no. 3: 134. https://doi.org/10.3390/reports8030134

APA Style

Ungureanu, D., Mitrea, P.-Ș., Iluț, S., Taloș, A., & Crișan, C.-A. (2025). Catatonia in a Possible Case of Moderate Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report. Reports, 8(3), 134. https://doi.org/10.3390/reports8030134

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