The Footprint of Wildfires on Mediterranean Forest Ecosystem Services in Vesuvius National Park
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Burn Severity and Megafire Determination
2.3. Suppression Costs
2.4. Ecosystem Services, Beneficiaries, and Categorisation
2.5. Provisioning Services
Woody Biomass
2.6. Regulation and Maintenance Services
2.6.1. Control of Erosion Rates and Habitat Restoration
2.6.2. Pollination
2.6.3. Carbon Stocks
2.7. Cultural Services
Ecotourism
2.8. Normalisation of the Economic Loss of Ecosystem Services
3. Results
3.1. Ecosystem Services
3.2. Provisioning Services
3.3. Regulation and Maintenance Ecosystem Services
3.3.1. Habitat Restoration and Mitigation of Surface Soil Erosion
3.3.2. Wild Bumblebee Pollination
3.3.3. Carbon Stocks
3.4. Cultural Ecosystem Services
Ecotourism
3.5. Spatial Distribution of ES Economic Losses
4. Discussion
4.1. From Ecology to Economics
4.2. Post-Fire Management Actions
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ecosystem Services | Short Description | Method | Recipient |
---|---|---|---|
Provisioning | Biomass (i.e., timber and chips) for direct use or processing | Residual value | Local bio-based industry |
Regulation and maintenance | Control of erosion rates and habitat restoration | Replacement price | Local inhabitants |
Pollination | Market price | Local tomato farms | |
Carbon stock | Permit prices/Benefit transfer | Local inhabitants | |
Cultural | Physical and experiential interactions with the natural environment | Direct-use value | Local ecotourists |
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Silvestro, R.; Saulino, L.; Cavallo, C.; Allevato, E.; Pindozzi, S.; Cervelli, E.; Conti, P.; Mazzoleni, S.; Saracino, A. The Footprint of Wildfires on Mediterranean Forest Ecosystem Services in Vesuvius National Park. Fire 2021, 4, 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire4040095
Silvestro R, Saulino L, Cavallo C, Allevato E, Pindozzi S, Cervelli E, Conti P, Mazzoleni S, Saracino A. The Footprint of Wildfires on Mediterranean Forest Ecosystem Services in Vesuvius National Park. Fire. 2021; 4(4):95. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire4040095
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvestro, Roberto, Luigi Saulino, Carla Cavallo, Emilia Allevato, Stefania Pindozzi, Elena Cervelli, Paola Conti, Stefano Mazzoleni, and Antonio Saracino. 2021. "The Footprint of Wildfires on Mediterranean Forest Ecosystem Services in Vesuvius National Park" Fire 4, no. 4: 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire4040095